PSYC 201 test 2

What is the relationship among Elkind's concepts of adolescent egocentrism, the personal fable, and the imaginary audience?

The personal fable and the imaginary audience are both aspects of adolescent egocentrism.

Which statement about people in satisfying relationships is false?

They pick partners who differ strongly in values and goals.

Christina, an early-maturing girl, will be MOST likely to experience:

an interest in older friends

Sternberg's successful intelligence includes a combination of _____ abilities.

analytic, creative and practical

Four-year-old Azariah believes that his stuffed animal understands what he says. In Piagetian terms, Azariah is showing:

animism

During the transition to parenthood, the majority of couples:

become less happy with one another

This personality trait indicates reliability and self-control.

conscientiousness

According to Erikson, identity development involves a person:

deciding who he or she wants to be as an adult

At 15, Jeremiah's parents are having a lot of difficulty with him. He frequently argues with them and tests their rules. According to the research, as Jeremiah reaches late adolescence, this intense urge to rebel will probably:

decrease

Which neurotransmitter has been implicated in ADHD?

dopamine

Marja has been diagnosed with a learning disability that gives her difficulty in reading, a lack of fluency, and poor word recognition. Marja has:

dyslexia

Lee is 10 years old. According to Piaget, which statement does NOT accurately describe Lee's cognition?

he can think abstractly in a scientific way

Which word or phrase BEST expresses the proportion of adolescent seniors in high school think it is okay for teenagers to have sexual intercourse?

most

Often women exit the workforce or work part time because they:

must care for elderly parents

In collectivist cultures, parents put more emphasis on _____ than parents in individualistic cultures.

obedience

When William Corsaro went undercover as a member of a preschool class, he found that preschool play plots:

often centered on mastering upsetting events

High-quality parenting is especially vital with _____ children.

temperamentally at risk

What programs one's first sexual feelings?

the adrenal androgens

All else being equal, people with college degrees earn about _____ MORE each year than do people with only a high school diploma.

$30,000

The current average age of first sexual intercourse for adolescent girls and boys in the United States is between:

17 and 18

Adolescence became a distinct stage of development during the:

1930s

Because of the developing cerebral cortex and frontal lobe, humans are NOT cognitively adults until their:

20s

One in _____ U.S. children are being raised by single parents; as compared to other nations, this proportion is _____.

4; higher

At MOST, traditional, nuclear families make up _____ percent of U.S. families.

50

Childhood obesity is defined as having a BMI at or above the _____ percentile.

95th

According to _____'s theory, we think logically for the first time during _____.

Piaget; concrete operations

Which stereotype about adolescence is correctly tagged as either true or false?

Most adolescents are emotionally disturbed.—False

If one were to plot marital satisfaction as function of the number of years married, the resulting line on the graph would look MOST like:

a U-shaped curve

Which of these is a factor that can hinder children's growth and motor skills?

a lack of outdoor play and a lack of food

Jonahae has a loving relationship with their partner of 20 years. Jonahae probably has all these qualities EXCEPT:

a tendency to take negative comments personally

James is a 16-year-old boy. Which of James's current activities BEST predicts his competence, confidence, and occupational success in adulthood?

being involved in school-related clubs

The MOST common career path for Western workers today is the _____ career path in which people change jobs or professions periodically during their working lives.

boundaryless

Ellen is within 15 pounds of her ideal body weight, yet she constantly worries about becoming obese. Usually, she eats a reasonable diet. When her self-control falters, she binge-eats, indulging herself in a dozen donuts at one sitting. She makes up for these lapses by forcing herself to regurgitate the food. Ellen MOST likely suffers from:

bulimia nervosa

Payton understands that Uranus is not only one of the eight planets in the solar system, but also one of the four within the solar system called "gas giants." Payton seems to grasp the concept of:

class inclusion

A _____ couple is two unmarried partners in a romantic relationship sharing a household.

cohabitating

Nadia is 9 years old. According to Piaget, Nadia is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

concrete operations

"Flow" is MOST likely to happen when one:

engages in intrinsically motivating tasks.

_____ believe that social cognitive capacity puts humans at an advantage to other species.

evolutionary theorists

_____ play involves children running and chasing each other, thereby exercising their physical skills.

exercise

Working memory _____ during preschool and early elementary school.

expands dramatically

In _____ research, people report their activities and emotions when randomly beeped during the day.

experience-sampling

This is the area at the uppermost front of the brain.

frontal lobe

Long-term research on adolescents with eating disorders shows that MOST will:

grow out of the disorder

Makayla is in the gifted program at her school. This means she:

has an IQ of at least 130

Undernourished children tend to:

have impaired physical and social skills

In affluent communities, children who _____ are MOST likely to gravitate toward the hard-core drug or delinquent teenage groups.

have prior emotional problems

Which of these is the only characteristic shared by normal dieters and people with eating disorders?

having an interest in losing weight

In its discussion of the social clock, the textbook notes that emerging adult is a time of _____ anxiety and _____ optimism.

high; high

What is the name for Erikson's primary psychosocial task that lasts from the teens through the twenties?

identity vs role confusion

Children who live in single-parent mother-headed families are often:

impoverished

Twenty-year-old Traci describes herself as having been very happy and well liked in elementary school but was much less popular in her large public high school. Traci was MOST likely a(n) _____ child.

intellectual

Work that provides fulfillment and allows a worker to satisfy their needs for creativity and autonomy has _____ rewards.

intrinsic career

What gives humans the ability to engage in social cognition?

language

Parenthood tends to encourage traditional marital roles, which can:

leads to conflicts related to marital equity

All of these are current U.S. dating trends EXCEPT:

less interest in having romantic relationships

If a relationship lacks _____, with one partner doing significantly more than the other, the outcome is typically marital dissatisfaction.

marital equity

Divorce is BEST for the children when the:

marriage is filled with conflict.

The two healthy emerging-adult identity statuses are:

moratorium and acheivement

The meaning units of a language are its _____, whereas its sound units are its _____.

morphemes; phonemes

The three components of Sternberg's triangular theory of love are:

passion, intimacy, and commitment

The physical transition from childhood to adulthood is often celebrated in traditional cultures by a:

puberty rite

The _____ phase is the final mate-selection stage according to Murstein's theory.

role

Stacey has had many labels during her lifetime: She has been a daughter, student, spouse, mother, and grandmother. Developmentalists refer to these labels as:

roles

During childhood, boys and girls are:

roughly the same size

The male sign of fertility—an event in boys comparable to menarche in girls—is called:

spermarche

Which stereotype regarding adolescence is false?

suicide is relatively common during adolescence

_____ is the essential ability that lets humans relate to other people in a give-and-take way.

theory of mind

Collaborative pretend play involves _____ and develops around age _____.

two children fantasizing together; 4

Theory of mind and the logical thinking of concrete operations are made possible by an expansion in _____ memory from ages 5 through 8.

working