Psych of Women Chap 8

In the U.S., over 40-50 percent of first marriages end within _____ years.

15

Why do women lose out financially in divorce?

A majority of state property laws assume property belongs to the spouse who earned it. The economic value of the wife's unpaid labor is not considered in divorce proceedings. Women's sense of guilt and failure may prevent them from asserting financial needs.

Which of these factors is present in egalitarian marriages?

Both members have equal power and authority. Both members share responsibilities equally. Both members choose to spend a lot of time together.

Which of the following is a reason for American women to marry later than they used to?

Goals besides being a wife and mother are more acceptable than earlier. Advances in contraception have made premarital sex less risky. There is a shortage of marriageable men for some women.

____ remains highly correlated with divorce.

Marrying young

Which of the following statements about happiness and marriage is true?

Men are happier than women.

In the context of greater male power in marriage, which of the following statements is true of the social exchange theory?

NOT It focuses on the symbolic value of gender roles.

Which of the following is a characteristic of modern marriages?

NOT Partners share responsibilities equally irrespective of gender roles.

The United States has the highest divorce rate of any industrialized nation. More recently, the divorce rate in the United States

NOT has decreased considerably.

Which of the following is a reason why lesbians share more leisure time than heterosexual couples?

Only lesbians can find a same-gender friend and a spouse in the same person. Most people need a same-gender "best friend." Women are socialized to have more common interests with other women than with men.

Which of the following is a characteristic of traditional marriages?

The husband's leisure activities take place apart from his wife.

Which of the following is a reason many women feel more negative about their marriages after they have children?

They are disappointed that their husbands do less household work/child care than they expected.

Identify a true statement about cohabiting couples.

They are more sexually active and sexually experienced than married couples.

Which of the following statements is true of lesbian couples?

They lack institutional and societal support. They are more egalitarian than heterosexual couples. They share more leisure activities than heterosexual couples.

Which of the following is a factor that has been shown to help African American women adjust to divorce better than White women?

They live in multigenerational households.

Which of the following is a way in which women justified marital inequality instead of challenging husbands or admitting the relationship was unequal?

They minimized conflict or blamed themselves when conflicts happened. They used distancing and vague, hypothetical terms when talking about equality. They made positive comparisons between their own husbands and other people's husbands.

Who do wives and husbands most often turn to when confiding their deepest secrets?

Wives turn to female relatives or friends; husbands turn to wives.

Which of the following characterizes modern marriages?

a "second shift" for the wife a "near-peer" or "senior partner-junior partner" relationship the wife working outside the home

In the context of power in marriage, when couples refuse to acknowledge the way gender socialization and social forces have steered them toward traditional roles, they construct

a myth of equality.

Modern marriages involve

a valuing of togetherness in leisure time.

Which of the following is a likely cause of American women's rising average age at first marriage?

advances in contraception

Studies of divorce and remarriage suggest that second marriages are _____ than first marriages to end in divorce.

even more likely

In the United States, the median age of a first-time bride

has increased in recent years.

Which of the following is a reason people choose to cohabit?

have a "trial marriage" with a partner show their independence from their parents pay the rent more easily

One contributor to the rising divorce rates is that many women

have alternatives for economic survival other than dependence on a husband's income.

Which of the following is a reason for power differences in a lesbian relationship?

having greater resources of money than the other having greater resources of education than the other being more committed than the other

In Buss et al.'s (1990) cross-cultural study, _____ were more similar in their mate preferences than were _____.

men and women from the same culture; men from different cultures

Research on cohabitation and later marital satisfaction indicates that

people who cohabit and later marry are more likely to divorce.

Which of the following is a reason most likely to be given by men for the breakup of their marriages?

poor communication

Marriages in which the partners have moved beyond gender to define their roles are referred to as

post gender relationships.

Lesbians who are "out" to significant others in their lives

report increased satisfaction with their partners.

The career interest of each person is more likely to be fairly equal in lesbian or bisexual couples than in heterosexual couples because

same-sex couples cannot assign the breadwinner role based on sex, and lesbians and bisexual women tend to value independence in their relationships.

Which of the following is a strain on remarriages that may lead to divorce?

stress from complex family structures and dynamics conflicts over how to allocate money to various household members people being less inclined to stay in unsatisfying relationships, having already divorced once

In contrast to heterosexual couples, lesbian and gay couples

tend to share more leisure activities.

Research on divorce indicates that

the United States has the highest divorce rate of any industrialized country.

The research on divorce indicates that _________.

the United States has the highest divorce rate of any industrialized country. NOT women who work outside the home are no more likely to divorce than are homemakers.

Which of the following is a theory that proposes that the partner who brings greater outside resources to a relationship will have the greater influence in it?

the social exchange theory

Women seem to adjust better to divorce than men because

they focus on building and maintaining networks of supportive friends and family.

The biggest difference across cultures in mate selection was due to a cluster of characteristics reflecting

traditional values.

At the societal level, several factors have been correlated with rising divorce rates. Divorce rates rise along with

women's participation in the paid workforce.