Psych Test 1
The endocrine system consists of
glands
Which of the following is a function of the thalamus?
relaying information from the eyes to the visual cortex
The limbic system structure that regulates hunger is called the
hypothalamus
Which group of psychologists are most related to the computer model of human mind?
cognitive psychologists
Hindsight bias, overconfidence, and perceiving order in random events often lead us to overestimate the value of
commonsense judgments
Where is the temporal lobe located?
just above the ears
Research with split-brain patients suggests that the ________ typically constructs the theories people offer to explain their own behaviors.
left cerebral hemisphere
The brain devotes more tissue within the ________ for body areas requiring the most precise movement control such as the fingers.
motor cortex
Which part of the brain specializes in receiving information from the skin senses and from the movement of body parts?
somatosensory cortex
In December 1879, he created the very first psychology laboratory in Germany.
wilhelm wundt
When a negative event energizes the ________, the event becomes more memorable.
amydgala
Which lobe is located at the back of your head?
occipital
Psychologist Philip Tetlock collected more than 27,000 expert predictions of world events. He repeatedly found that experts were ________ percent confident in their prediction but were correct less than ________ percent of the time.
80; 40
When people were shown happy and angry faces, their ________ was found to activate in response to the angry faces.
amygdala
Which neural center in the limbic system plays an important role in emotions such as fear and rage?
amygdala
Wilhelm Wundt is famous for what contribution to the history of psychology?
being the founder of scientific psychology
The autonomic nervous system most directly controls
bladder contractions
Which is the following is NOT true about William James?
called the founder of behaviorism
After hitting her head on the cement pavement, Cassie has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. She has probably suffered damage to the part of her brain called the
cerebellum
Your life would be most immediately threatened if you suffered destruction of the
cerebellum
The tendency to perceive meaningful patterns in random sequences of outcomes often leads us to underestimate the extent to which outcomes result from
chance
The motor cortex
controls voluntary movements
Which portion of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in making plans and formulating moral judgments?
frontal lobes
Natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control are called
endorphins
Which lobe is located behind your forehead?
frontal
The limbic system's hippocampus
helps process explicit memories for storage
After the horror of 9/11, many people said the American government should obviously have foreseen the likelihood of this form of terrorism. This perception most clearly illustrates
hindsight bias
The brain area that processes memory formation is the
hippocampus
The endocrine system's glands secrete chemical messengers known as
hormones
The visual cortex is located in the
occipital lobes
Politicians who have no doubt that their predictions about the U.S. economy will come true most clearly demonstrate
overconfidence
Which hormone enables contractions associated with birthing and milk flow during nursing?
oxytocin
When the ________ nervous system is active, the pupils contract, heartbeat slows, digestion is stimulated, and the bladder contracts.
parasympathetic
The somatic and autonomic nervous systems make up the
peripheral nervous system
Which group of psychologists wanted to identify the hidden motivations and memories from unconscious mind?
psychoanalysts
To help psychologists separate uninformed opinions from examined conclusions, psychologists use ________ to conduct research.
scientific experiments
Which of the following is NOT a roadblock to critical thinking?
scientific inquiry
Stimulation of the reticular formation will cause a
sleeping cat to awaken
Cognitive decline in late adulthood can be partly attributed to a(n)
smaller hippocampus
Which group of psychologists wanted to identify the "building blocks (or basic units)" of consciousness?
structuralists
Enrique has just received a letter advising him that he has been accepted by the college of his choice. With his excitement, his heartbeat increases, his blood pressure rises, and he begins to perspire. Which nervous system is responsible for these physiological changes?
sympathetic
The nervous system that arouses and expends energy is the ________ nervous system.
sympathetic
The autonomic nervous system can be subdivided into the
sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
Dualism discussed in class refers to which of the following positions?
that mind and body are two separate entities
Which method offers the most reliable way of assessing whether athletic performance is boosted by drinking soda with caffeine in it?
the experiment