psychology
How is the diversity of psychology limited in the United States
Racial and ethnic minorities are underrepresented among psychologists
Which of the following is true of the neuroscience perspective of psychology?
The neuroscience perspective includes the study of heredity and evolution, which considers how heredity may influence behavior.
Which of the following subfields of psychology is correctly matched with its sample topic?
Cognitive psychology: the influence of an event on people's thinking
How do clinical psychologists and counseling psychologists differ?
Counseling psychologists deal with problems that are more specific than the problems with which clinical psychologists deal.
Dr. Lin and Dr. Marino study obesity. Dr. Lin relates the likelihood of obesity to the levels of the trait of neuroticism—the tendency to experience upsetting emotions. Dr. Marino relates obesity to the frequency with which individuals eat alone; with family members; or in the presence of larger groups of friends, acquaintances, or strangers. In the scenario, which of the following statements is most likely to be true?
Dr. Marino is a social psychologist.
Which of the following led psychologists to challenge the structuralism perspective?
Introspection was not a truly scientific technique.
Identify the statement that correctly describes social psychology.
It studies how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others.
Which of the following female psychologists is correctly matched with her achievement?
Margaret Floy Washburn: the first woman to receive a doctorate in psychology
Which of the following descriptive research methods is correctly matched with its description?
Naturalistic observation: Behavior is investigated in the environment in which it typically occurs, without intervention by the researcher.
In an experiment, the ________ variable is measured and is expected to change as a result of changes caused by the experimenter's manipulation.
dependent
Dr. Ebrahim studies the changes in peer relationships among children through the elementary and middle-school years. Dr. Ebrahim is a ________ psychologist.
developmental
Factors that distort how an independent variable affects a dependent variable in an experiment are referred to as
experimental bias
The emphasis of the humanistic perspective is on
free will.
Which of the following perspectives is correctly matched with its description?
gestalt psychology: emphasizes the organization of perception
Noreen asserts that human behavior is motivated by inner forces about which individuals have little awareness or control. This viewpoint is most consistent with the ________ perspective of psychology.
psychodynamic
________ is defined as a systematic inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge.
Research
Research in which existing data, such as census documents, college records, and newspaper clippings, are examined to test a hypothesis is known as
archival research
When a researcher debriefs her participants, she
provides a detailed explanation of her study
Penny is a recovering drug addict. Her treatment program emphasizes the influence of her environment—people, places, and things—on the use of drugs. Her program reflects the ________ perspective of psychology.
behavioral
Experimental research is to correlational research what ________ is to ________.
cause; association
Which of the following is one of the three newer branches of psychology's family tree?
clinical neuropsychology
In the context of the psychology of emotion, William James would be most interested in
how behavior aids an individual's adaptation to the environment.
Individual differences are to universal principles as the ________ perspective is to the ________ perspective.
humanistic; neuroscience
Before participating in an experiment, participants must sign a document affirming that they have been told the basic outlines of the study and are aware of what their participation will involve and what risks the experiment may hold. The document also gets participants to confirm that their participation is purely voluntary and that they may terminate it at any time. To which ethical principle of research does this refer?
informed consent
Which of the following sequences best reflects the order of events in an experiment?
informed consent → experiment → debriefing
The approach that views behavior from the perspective of the brain, the nervous system, and other biological functions is known as the ________ perspective.
neuroscience
Gestalt psychologists made substantial contributions to the understanding of
perception
