QUESTIONS FOR CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

Name 4 things found in Plasma

1. water 2. carbon dioxide 3. glucose 4. urea

Which substances are dissolved in plasma?

glucose, urea, hormones

Where does haemoglobin become oxyhemoglobin?

in the lungs

Which chamber of the heat has the thickest muscle wall?

left ventricle

When the blood is flowing through a vena cava, which main blood vessel will it flow through next?

pulmonary artery

What is the sequence for blood being pumped from the heart to lungs?

right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery

Name the muscular wall which separates the left and right side of the heart?

septum

For blood to reach the left side from the right, what must it pass?

the capillaries

What is the correct path through the circulatory system which describes the passage of a blood clot from the left leg?

vena cave, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

In a person with a low platelet level, which process is slower than normal?

Blood clotting

In terms of being open or closed, what is the state of the mitral and tricuspid valves (left and right atrioventricular valves, respectively) at the end of the first heart sound?

Both are closed

What blood vessels deliver and takes away blood from the liver and kidney

LIVER: delivers = hepatic portal vein takes away = hepatic vein KIDNEY delivers = renal artery takes away = renal vein

Which blood vessel has a high concentration of carbon dioxide , low oxygen concentration and high blood pressure?

Pulmonary artery

Which heart valves do not actively close by the contraction of muscular structure?

Semilunar valves

states one advantage of double circulation?

allows the heart to pump blood pressure and force blood to move in circulation, without applying pressure to the lungs

Which structure in plants and humans carry amino acids?

arteries and phloem

Explain how the structure of an artery is related to its funtion

arteries have thick walls so they can withstand high blood pressure and a narrow lumen which also allows high blood pressure. They can also contract to control blood flow.

Why is the circulatory system of mammals described as double circulation?

blood flows through the heart twice on one complete circuit of the body

Explain how blood returns to the heart in the femoral vein against the pull of gravity

blood is forced out by pressure that the heart pumps, that moves the blood around the circulatory system. The walls of the veins are wide, to reduce resistance and the valves prevent blood from flowing back

Describe how blood is transported from the vena cava to the lungs

blood passes through the vena cava, where it enters the right ventricle then the right atrium , and flows into the pulmonary artery. Which carries blood away from the heart to the lungs

Explain why blood pressure must decrease in the arteries before entering capillaries

capillaries are one cell thick, so if the blood will be supplied at high pressure they will burst

What does the Hepatic Portal Vein do?

carries blood from the digestive system to the liver which can then by sent to the heart. It can also stop blood from clogging up

Describe one named example of a surgery that can treat CHD

coronary artery bypass operation: a blood vessel is taken away from somewhere else in the body and put in the space between the aorta and unblocked part of the artery, this will increase blood flow.