QUIZ 5 & QUIZ 6

A nurse is administering a medication that is formulated as enteric-coated tablets. What is the rationale for not crushing or chewing enteric-coated tablets?

to prevent gastric irritation

A client diagnosed with anemia is receiving a blood transfusion. The client develops urticaria accompanied by wheezing and dyspnea not long after the transfusion starts. The nurse interprets this as indicative of:

allergic reaction

A nurse is conducting an interview with a client to collect a medication history. Which question would be used to ensure safe medication administration?

"Do you have any allergies to medications?"

A nurse is teaching an older adult about taking newly prescribed medications at home. Which information would be included?

"I have written the names of your drugs with times to take them."

What must a nurse do each time medications are administered to ensure that medication errors do not occur?

Observe the three checks and rights of administration.

What independent nursing action can be used to facilitate sleep in hospitalized clients who are on bed rest?

giving a back massage

Which natural chemical does the body produce at night to decrease wakefulness and promote sleep?

melatonin

A client with dehydration is being administered IV fluids. During rounds, the nurse noticed that the skin immediately surrounding the IV site was reddish in color and showing signs of inflammation. The nurse recognizes that what phenomenon is likely responsible?

phlebitis

A client is diagnosed with narcolepsy. What is a characteristic of this disorder?

uncontrollable desire to sleep

A nurse is conducting an interview for a health history. In addition to asking the client about medications being taken, what else should be asked to assess the risk for drug interactions?

use of herbal supplements

What would a nurse instruct a client to do after administration of a sublingual medication?

"Try not to swallow while the pill dissolves."

A nurse is converting the dosage of a medication to a different unit in the metric system. The medication label specifies the drug as being 0.5 g per tablet. The order is for 500 mg. How many tablets will the nurse give?

1

A client has been diagnosed with a gastrointestinal bleed and the health care provider has ordered a transfusion. At what rate should the nurse administer the client's packed red blood cells?

1 unit over 2 to 3 hours, no longer than 4 hours

he nurse is administering 1,000 mL 0.9 normal saline over 10 hours (set delivers 60 gtt/1 mL). Using the formula below, the flow rate would be: gtt/min = milliliters per hour x drop factor (gtt/mL) ÷ 60 min/hr

100 gtt/min

The health care provider writes a prescription for ampicillin 1 gram every 6 hours for a client. How should the nurse best respond to this prescription?

Elicit the desired route from the primary care provider

A nurse is caring for a client in the nursing unit when the health care provider, during the rounds, verbalizes a prescription for a medication. What appropriate action should the nurse take to ensure the accuracy of the verbal medication order?

Ask the health care provider to write out the order.

The student nurse asks the instructor how buffer systems work in the body to maintain the pH of the blood. The instructor explains the buffer systems to the students. Which buffer systems will be discussed by the instructor? Select all that apply.

Carbonic acid-sodium bicarbonate buffer system Phosphate buffer system Protein buffer system

A nurse at the health care facility is preparing the medication dosage for a client. Why should the nurse read and compare the label on the medication with the MAR at least three times (before, during, and after) while preparing the medication for administration?

Ensure that the right medication is given at the right time by the right route

The nurse is preparing to administer a medication via a nasogastric tube. Which guideline is appropriate for the nurse to follow when administering a drug via this route?

Flush the tube with water between each drug administered.

A client reports postoperative pain of 9 on a scale of 10 and asks the nurse whether a shot or a pill will provide the fastest pain relief. Which is the best response from the nurse?

Intravenous medication provides the fastest pain relief until you can take pills by mouth.

What type of prescription would the health care provider most likely write to treat a client whose pain levels vary widely throughout the day?

PRN

Arterial blood gases (ABGs) have been drawn on the client. The nurse reviews the results. pH is 7.31 PaO2 92 mm Hg (12.24 kPa) PaCO2 50 mm Hg (6.65 kPa) HCO3 28 mEq/L (28 mmol/L) How will the nurse interpret these ABG results? Select all that apply.

Respiratory acidosis; partial compensation

The nurse is administering an oral opioid medication to a client who reported pain. The client dropped the medication on the floor. What actions would the nurse take now? Select all that apply.

Search for the pill on the floor until the pill is found. Discard the pill in an appropriate container with a witnessing nurse present. Obtain another dose of the medication for the client.

A nurse is administering a blood transfusion to a client. After 15 minutes, the client reports difficulty breathing. What is the first action by the nurse?

Stop the transfusion and infuse normal saline using a new administration set.

A client who has been taking no medications has just been diagnosed as having diabetes. The client is prescribed an injectable medication once a day and an oral medication twice a day for blood glucose control. What would the nurse teach the client about taking these medications? Select all that apply. Take the medications at the same time each day. Do not abruptly stop the medication or alter the dosage. The intended effects and adverse effects of the medications Keep the medications in a lighted, warm, and dry place. The appropriate timing of the medications in relation to food

Take the medications at the same time each day. Do not abruptly stop the medication or alter the dosage. The intended effects and adverse effects of the medications The appropriate timing of the medications in relation to food

The medical chart of a newly admitted client notes a penicillin allergy, yet the health care provider has just written an order for an antibiotic in the same drug family after reviewing the client's wound culture and sensitivity. How should the nurse respond to this situation?

Withhold the medication until the potential drug allergy has been addressed by the care team.

A client who is taking an oral opioid for pain relief tells the nurse they are constipated. What is this common response to opioids called?

adverse effect

A hospitalized client asks the nurse for "some aspirin for my headache." There is no prescription for aspirin for this client. Which assessment information should the nurse obtain prior to requesting a prescription for aspirin?

allergy to aspirin

A nurse flushes an intravenous lock before and after administering a medication. What is the rationale for this step?

to clear the medication and prevent clot formation

The nurse is caring for a client who had a parathyroidectomy. Upon evaluation of the client's laboratory studies, the nurse would expect to see imbalances in which electrolytes related to the removal of the parathyroid gland?

calcium and phosphorus

A client's most recent blood work indicates a K+ level of 7.2 mEq/L (7.2 mmol/L), a finding that constitutes hyperkalemia. For what signs and symptoms should the nurse vigilantly monitor?

cardiac irregularities

A nurse at a health care facility administers a prescribed drug to a client and does not record doing so in the medical administration record. The nurse who comes during the next shift, assuming that the medication has not been administered, administers the same drug to the client again. The nurse on the previous shift calls to inform the health care facility that the administration of the drug to this client in the earlier shift was not recorded. What should the nurse on duty do immediately upon detection of the medication error?

check the clients condition

A nurse is preparing to administer a medication by intravenous piggyback. Where will the piggyback container be placed?

higher than the primary solution container

Arterial blood gases reveal that a client's pH is 7.20. What physiologic process will contribute to a restoration of correct acid-base balance?

increased respiratory rate

A nurse at a health care facility has to instill ear drops in a client. The nurse knows that which technique varies for an adult and child client?

manipulation of the client's ear to straighten the auditory canal

The "rights" of medication administration help to ensure accuracy when administering medications. What are some of these rights? Select all that apply. medication client prescribing health care provider pharmacy dosage route

medication client dosage route

What is the rationale for using CPAP to treat sleep apnea?

positive air pressure holds the airway open

The nurse is teaching a client how to use nasal spray. What will the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

sit up comfortably in bed, insert the tip of nose piece into one nostril, hold the breath for a few seconds after administering the spray

Which of the following clients should the nurse assess most closely for edema?

the client recently diagnosed with heart failure