Renal Adaptive Quizzing

Which part of the female reproductive system produces testosterone in females?

The ovaries

A nurse educates the client about the relationship between the kidneys and blood pressure. Which term should the nurse use to describe the part of the kidney that senses changes in blood pressure?

Macula densa (The macula densa, a part of the distal convoluted tubule, consists of cells that sense changes in the volume and pressure of blood.)

A client with ascites has a paracentesis, and 1500 mL of fluid is removed. For which immediate response is it most important for the nurse to monitor?

Rapid, thready pulse

What is the action of vasopressin?

Reabsorbs water into the capillaries

A client is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a pyelolithotomy. The client's urinary output is 50 mL/hr. What should the nurse do?

Record the output as an expected finding.

The nurse is assessing an elderly male. Which finding is seen with aging?

Reduced size of testes

Which intervention would be most beneficial in preventing a catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a postoperative client?

Removing the catheter within 24 hours

A nurse is evaluating a client's understanding of peritoneal dialysis. Which information in the client's response indicates an understanding of the purpose of the procedure?

Removing toxins in addition to other metabolic wastes

A nurse is assessing the urine of a client with a urinary tract infection. Which assessment finding is consistent with a urinary tract infection?

Cloudy

A nurse evaluates that a client with chronic kidney disease understands an adequate source of high biologic-value (HBV) protein when the client selects which food from the menu?

Cottage cheese

Which electrolyte deficiency triggers the secretion of renin?

Sodium

After prostate surgery a client's indwelling catheter and continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) are to be removed. The nurse discusses with the client the procedure and what to expect after the removal. Which statement by the client indicates teaching by the nurse is understood?

"I probably will experience some burning on urination."

A student nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure who is to be treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the student nurse indicates to the primary nurse that the student nurse understands the purpose of this therapy?

"It uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to clear toxins by osmosis and diffusion."

To help prevent a cycle of recurring urinary tract infections in a female client, which instruction should the nurse share?

"Urinate as soon as possible after intercourse."

A client is taught how to change the dressing and how to care for a recently inserted nephrostomy tube. On the day of discharge the client states, "I hope I can handle all this at home; it's a lot to remember." Which is the best response by the nurse?

"You seem to be nervous about going home."

Which client's urine specific gravity level is abnormal?

1.041 (The normal specific gravity of urine lies between 1.005 and 1.030.)

What is the concentration of estradiol in the blood during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?

130 pg/mL (In the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, 20-150 pg/mL of estradiol is released.)

A client arrives at a health clinic reporting hematuria, frequency, urgency, and pain on urination. Which diagnosis will the nurse most likely observe written in the client's medical record?

Cystitis

How long will a client's ovum stay viable after its release to get fertilized?

72 hours

A client has a kidney transplant. The nurse should monitor for which assessment findings associated with rejection of the transplant? Select all that apply.

Fever Oliguria Weight gain

The nurse finds that a client has reduced urinary output. Which condition would the nurse document in the client's medical record?

Oliguria

Which hormone is crucial in maintaining the implanted egg at its site?

Progesterone

A nurse is teaching a birthing/prenatal class about breast-feeding. Which hormone stimulates the production of milk during lactation?

Prolactin

The primary healthcare provider suspects pituitary gland dysfunction in a female client. Which diagnostic test would the primary healthcare provider suggest to the client?

Prolactin test (A prolactin test is used to detect pituitary gland dysfunction that causes amenorrhea.)

A client with chronic renal failure has been on hemodialysis for 2 years. The client communicates with the nurse in the dialysis unit in an angry, critical manner and is frequently noncompliant with medications and diet. The nurse can best intervene by first considering that the client's behavior is most likely for which reason?

A defense against underlying depression and fear

A nurse writes a goal of preventing renal calculi in a care plan for a client with paraplegia. Which information most likely caused the nurse to write this goal?

Accelerated bone demineralization

A client is admitted to the hospital with severe flank pain, nausea, and hematuria caused by a ureteral calculus. What should be the nurse's initial intervention?

Administer the prescribed analgesic

Which hormone influences kidney function?

Aldosterone

A client reports an absence of menstruation to the nurse. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

Amenorrhea

Which statement regarding erythropoietin is true?

An erythropoietin deficiency is associated with renal failure.

What does the presence of ketones in the urine of a client with renal dysfunction indicate?

Anorexia nervosa

Tests reveal that a client has phosphatic renal calculi. The nurse teaches the client that the diet may include which food item?

Apples (Low-phosphate)

The nurse is performing an assessment of a client's reproductive system. Which action should the nurse take?

Ask about menstrual history at the beginning of assessment

Which is a primary glomerular disease?

Chronic glomerulonephritis

The nurse is teaching a client receiving peritoneal dialysis about the reason dialysis solution is warmed before it is instilled into the peritoneal cavity. Which information will the nurse share with the client?

Because it encourages removal of serum urea by preventing constriction of peritoneal blood vessels

The nurse observes a client with kidney failure has increased rate and depth of breathing. Which laboratory parameter does the nurse suspect is associated with this client's condition?

Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L (An increased rate and depth of breathing is called Kussmaul respiration and occurs due to metabolic acidosis in clients with kidney disease. Serum bicarbonate level decreases in metabolic acidosis. The normal range of serum bicarbonate is 23-30 mEq/L.)

A nurse is reviewing the clinical record of a client with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which test result will the nurse check to confirm the diagnosis?

Biopsy of prostatic tissue

The nurse is aware that the Cowper gland is also often referred to by which other term?

Bulbourethral gland

A nurse is assessing the urine of a client with a urinary tract infection. For which characteristic should the nurse assess each specimen of urine?

Clarity

What is the cup-like structure that collects a client's urine and is located at the end of each papilla?

Calyx

Which urodynamic study provides information on bladder capacity, bladder pressure, and voiding reflexes?

Cystometrography (CMG)

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cancer of the liver with ascites and is scheduled for a paracentesis. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to include in the client's plan of care?

Having the client void before the procedure

Radium inserted in the vagina of a client now is being removed. Which safety precaution should the nurse employ when assisting with the radium removal?

Ensure that long forceps are available for removing the radium.

A client who has been told she needs a hysterectomy for cervical cancer is upset about being unable to have a third child. Which action should the nurse take next?

Ensure that other treatment options for her will be explored.

A client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit with an intravenous (IV) line and a urinary retention catheter. For which major complication is it most important for the nurse to assess during the immediate postoperative period?

Hemorrhage

The nurse is educating a couple concerning the process of fertilization. The nurse explains to the couple that which component stimulates the release of estrogen and progesterone after fertilization?

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Which test helps to identify fibroids, tumors, and fistulas while performing a reproductive tract examination?

Hysterosalpingography

What are the functions of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? Select all that apply.

Increasing arteriole constriction Increasing tubular permeability to water

The nurse is caring for a client with ureteral colic. To prevent the development of renal calculi in the future, which strategy should be included in the client's plan of care?

Instructing the client to drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily

The nurse finds that a client with a urinary disorder has very pale-yellow-colored urine. What is the significance of this abnormal finding?

It indicates dilute urine.

Which part of the kidney produces the hormone bradykinin?

Juxtaglomerular cells of the arterioles

Which statement indicates the nurse has a correct understanding about kidney ultrasonography?

Kidney ultrasonography makes use of sound waves and has minimal risk.

A pathology report states that a client's urinary calculus is composed of uric acid. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Liver

Which parts of the nephron are the sites for the regulation of water balance? Select all that apply.

Loop of Henle Descending Limb (DL)

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of renal calculi secondary to hyperparathyroidism. Which type of diet should the nurse explore with the client when providing discharge information?

Low calcium

Which hormone is crucial for ovulation and complete maturation of a client's ovarian follicles?

Luteinizing hormone

Which hormone elevations indicate Turner syndrome? Select all that apply.

Lutropin Follitropin

A client is diagnosed with condyloma acuminatum. Which finding in the client supports the diagnosis?

Moist, fleshy projections on the penis

The nurse is performing a physical examination of a client by placing the left hand on the back and supporting the client's right side between the rib cage and the iliac crest. Which physical assessment maneuver is the nurse performing on this client?

Palpation

The nurse is educating student nurses about the anatomy and physiology of the kidneys. What term does the nurse explain is used for the tip of the pyramid of a kidney?

Papilla

Which hormone is released in response to low serum levels of calcium?

Parathyroid hormone

Which structures are included in the external genitalia in males? Select all that apply.

Penis Scrotum

Which phase of the woman's sexual response is characterized by elevation of the uterus?

Plateau phase

The nurse is educating new parents about circumcision. Which structure of the penis would this nurse tell the parents is removed during circumcision?

Prepuce

The nurse providing postoperative care for a client who had kidney surgery reviews the client's urinalysis results. Which urinary finding should the nurse conclude needs to be reported to the primary healthcare provider?

Presence of large proteins

Which urinalysis finding indicates a urinary tract infection?

Presence of leukoesterase

The nurse is caring for a client in the postanesthesia care unit. The client had a suprapubic prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate and has a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) in place. Which primary goal is the nurse trying to achieve with the CBI?

Prevent the development of clots in the bladder.

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer of the prostate. The nurse should teach the client that which serum level will be monitored throughout the course of the disease?

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Which part of the nephron secretes creatinine required for elimination?

Proximal tubule

A nurse is counseling a woman who has had recurrent urinary tract infections. Which factor should the nurse explain is the reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection?

Proximity of the urethra to the anus

Which retrograde procedure involves the examination of the ureters and the renal pelvises?

Pyelogram

Which diagnostic tests are used to measure the kidney size of a client with kidney dysfunction? Select all that apply.

Radiography Computed tomography (CT)

Which statement is true regarding the functions of kidney hormones?

Renin raises blood pressure because of angiotensin and aldosterone secretion.

A client is diagnosed as having invasive cancer of the bladder, and brachytherapy is scheduled. What should the nurse expect the client to demonstrate that indicates success of this therapy?

Shrinkage of the tumor on scanning

A male client has discharge from the penis. Gonorrhea is suspected. To obtain a specimen for a culture, what should the nurse do?

Swab the drainage directly from the urethra to obtain a specimen.

A nurse is notified that the latest potassium level for a client in acute kidney injury is 6.2 mEq (6.2 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take first?

Take vital signs and notify the primary healthcare provider.

The urinalysis report of a client reveals cloudy urine. What does a nurse infer from the client's report?

The client has a urinary infection.

When assessing a client during peritoneal dialysis, a nurse observes that drainage of the dialysate from the peritoneal cavity has ceased before the required volume has returned. What should the nurse instruct the client to do?

Turn from side to side

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a male client who had an ureterolithotomy. The client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). For which indicators of a UTI should the nurse instruct the client?

Urgency or frequency of urination

A client who is recovering from deep partial-thickness burns develops chills, fever, flank pain, and malaise. The primary healthcare provider makes a tentative diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Which diagnostic tests should the nurse expect the primary healthcare provider to prescribe to confirm this diagnosis?

Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity

What instruction regarding sample collection should the nurse give a client who is ordered a clean-catch urine specimen?

Urinate small amount, stop flow, fill half of cup

A couple approaches the primary healthcare provider to seek guidance on permanent contraception. Which surgeries are suggested to the couple? Select all that apply.

Vasectomy Tubal ligation

A client begins therapy with a new medication. One month later the client notices blood in the urine. Which drug does the nurse anticipate as the cause?

Warfarin

A female client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan when educating the client about health practices that may help decrease future urinary tract infections?

Wear cotton underpants