Rocks Final Exam 16-18
What are the two main fluvial river systems?
1) Braided 2) Meandering
The three major types of fossil fuels are...
1) Coal 2) Oil 3) Natural Gas
What can cause a waterfall to form?
1) Flow from hard to soft material 2) Dip slip faulting 3) Faster erosiion of the trunk stream
Today's continental glaciers are limited to
1) Greenland 2) Antarctica
A mountain glacier's ice mass moves by ____________
1) Internal Flow driven by gravity 2) Sliding at the base
Which of the following byproducts of the burning of fossil fuels are contributing to global warming?
1) Methane 2) Nitrous Oxide 3) Ozone 4) Carbon Dioxide
Which of the following are characteristics of a meandering fluvial system?
1) They mostly carry fine sand, silt and mud 2) The usually experience continuous water flow
What major sectors rely on petroleum?
1) Transportation 2) Plastics
The following tectonic conditions aid in the formation of large continental ice sheets
1) having large landmasses at high latitudes 2) having extensive landmasses rather than lots of smaller islands
When searching for petroleum deposits what are some key characteristics of the geology?
1) low permeability caprock 2) anticlines 3) source rock
The "snout" of a glacier, that is the edge that has moved farthest into the valley or away from the zone of accumulation is also called
1) toe 2) terminus
According to superposition theory for river gap formation, order the process. A. 4 B. 1 C. 3 D. 2
1. Deposition -A (2) 2. Erosion into Mountain Range- C (4) 3. Mountain Formation -D (1) 4. River Erosion -B (3)
Acid rain has a pH below
5.6
Typical glacial ice has __________________ air bubbles.
< 20%
On average, glacial ice becomes ductile at a glacial ice depth of
>60 meters
Burning natural gas produces less of which of the following than the burning of coal?
A. particulates B. sulfur dioxide C. nitrous oxides D. carbon dioxide E. carbon monoxide (everything)
The process by which particles carried by the water grind against the channel floor like sandpaper is known as...
Abrasion
Coal is primarily made of the element ____
Carbon
Which of the following gases contributes the most to global warming?
Carbon Dioxide
Which of the following is NOT one of the four major watersheds of North America?
Caribbean
During Knick Point Progression of Niagara Falls, what event causes the SUDDEN progression upstream of the falls?
Catastrophic collapse of the Niagara limestone
When oil is found in the ground, we call it ____ oil
Crude
How can barbed tributaries form?
Differential uplift
Acid mine drainage often has a brown/ red color because of...
Dissolved Iron
Changes in the shape of the Earth's orbit around the sun on a 100,000 year cycle is known as changes in
Eccentricity
In the antecedent stream theory of river gap formation, which has a higher rate, Erosion of the river OR uplift of the mountains?
Erosion of the river
Large ice-transported boulders are called
Erractics
All water within a watershed ultimately flows to an ocean.
False
During crude oil refining, the longest chain carbons will separate to the top of a distillation column.
False
Most modern coal plants are equipped with filtration treatment to remove carbon dioxide.
False
The continental divide divides the continent of North America into two halves of equal areas.
False
True or False? An increase in annual eruptions of volcanoes around the globe are a major driving force behind our current atmospheric warming
False
Water in a meandering stream moves ______ on the outside of the meander bends.
Fastest
Flooded former glacial valleys are known as..
Fjords
Oil is ultimately formed...
From the dead bodies of planktonic micro-organisms.
What do geologists call time periods in which glaciers are retreating.
Interglacials
Oil tends to migrate upwards through overlying rocks because...
It is very light
Lakes that form during glacial retreat as large junks of ice melt to fill depressions in the till are called
Kettles
Why is Niagara Falls so far upstream of the Niagara escarpment?
Knick point migration
The large multi-continent ice sheet that expanded in the Northern Hemisphere during the Wisconsinan glacial period was called...
Labrador Ice Sheet
A mountain glacier requires cool summer temperatures, sufficient snow fall, a gentle slope, and _______________ to form and be sustained.
Low winds
What is different about an unconventional reservoir as compared to a conventional reservoir?
Lower permeability
Which gas is the dominant glass sent to consumers?
Methane
Which is the largest source of electricity production in the United States?
Natural Gas
A _____ stream carries water year-round because the stream is ____ the local water table.
Permanent, below
In 2019, the dominant fuel used for transporation in the US was...
Petroleum
What kind of drainage pattern forms when streams follow regularly fractured rocks?
Rectangular
As curves in a meandering river progress, ______ are deposited on the inside edge.
Scroll bars
Canyons form more easily in hard rocks.
True
Most coal originally formed in swamps.
True
Mountain glaciers can exist in the tropics.
True
Prior to the modern era, humans never lived in an atmosphere as rich in carbon dioxide as today
True
Waterfalls can move
True
A network of channels that collects water form a broad region is called a
Watershed
Brittle ice on the surface of a glacier fractures to form ___________
crevasses
When a glacier retreats, the under-ice meltwater channels that are filled with gravel become....
eskers
Anthracite has a ______ percent carbon than lignite.
higher
When a glacier begins to retreat, the ice mass is......
is moving downslope towards the valley
This type of glacial deposit can be found in areas that have never been glaciated
loess
When two glaciers flow together, their adjacent lateral moraines form a.....
medial moraine
The weathering of mountain belts acts as a ___________ for atmospheric carbon dioxide
sink
When a glacier retreats it typically leaves behind a thick sheet of.....
till
Glacial ice moves from the ____________________ to the ___________________.
zone of accumulation; zone of ablation
