RT 1 (Ch. 1)
How many individual body systems comprise the human body?
10
How many separate bones are found in the adult human body?
206
When correctly placed, gonadal shielding will reduce gonadal dose by _______ if gonads are in the primary x-ray field.
50% - 90%
How many bones are there in the adult axial skeleton?
80
Highly complex mathematical formulas applied during digital processing of the image are termed:
Algorithms
An upright position with arms abducted, palms forward, and head forward describes the ______ position.
Anatomic
Examples of "flat" bones are the:
Calvaria, ribs, scapulae, and sternum.
Which of the following bones is classified as a short bone?
Carpal (wrist bones)
Which of the following is NOT a functional classification of joints?
Cartilaginous
The lowest level of structural organization in the human body is the ______ level.
Chemical
What is the most effective method to reduce the production of scatter radiation?
Collimate
Which of the following devices can be used rather than applying the anode heel effect to compensate for anatomic part thickness differences?
Compensating filters
What type of tissue binds together and supports the various structures of the body?
Connective
The ability of a digital imaging system to distinguish between similar tissues is the definition for:
Contrast resolution
A radiograph of the abdomen demonstrates involuntary motion caused by bowel peristalsis (involuntary contractions). Which of the following factors will best eliminate this problem during the repeat exposure?
Decrease exposure time
The amount of blackness seen on a processed radiograph is called:
Density
What is the primary center for bone growth?
Diaphysis
Misrepresentation of object size of shape as projected onto radiographic recording media is the general definition for:
Distortion
A patient is lying on her back. The x-ray tube is horizontally directed with the CR entering the right side of the body. The IR is adjacent to the left side of the body. What is the radiographic position?
Dorsal decubitus
Which term describes the back or posterior aspect of the hand?
Dorsum manus
Which of the following is a secondary growth center for endochondral ossification?
Epiphyses
A numerical value that is representative of the amount of radiation that strikes the digital IR is termed:
Exposure indicator
A lateromedial projection is one in which the lateral aspect of the anatomy part is closest to the image receptor (IR).
False
According to the American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) Code of Ethics, a radiologic technologist may render a diagnosis during a radiographic examination if requested by the patient.
False
Decubitus chest projections are placed for viewing the way the IR "sees" them.
False
Increasing the SID will increase distortion of the anatomy.
False
It is legally acceptable to write "right" or "left" on a radiograph if the anatomic side marker is not visible.
False
PA or AP oblique projections are placed on the view box with the patient's right side of the body facing the viewer's right.
False
The radiographer may provide a preliminary interpretation of the radiographic study if requested by the patient.
False
When placing radiographs of the lower leg, the toes of the foot must be pointing upward.
False
The acronym PACS refers to picture archiving connection system.
False - picture archiving and communication system
Which of the following is NOT one of the cardinal principles of radiation protection?
Filtration
Which of the following joints displays a "hinge" type of movement?
Ginglymus
Which of the following is NOT an ALARA concept?
Have older technologist always hold patient
Which of the following bones is classified as a long bone?
Humerus
What is the primary controlling factor for radiographic contrast?
Kv
A patient is erect facing the IR. The left side of the body is turned 45 degrees towards the IR. The CR enters the posterior aspect of the body and exits the anterior. What is this radiographic position?
LAO (left anterior oblique)
A patient is erect with the left side directly against the IR. The CR enters the right side of the body. What is the radiographic position?
Left lateral
A patient is erect facing the x-ray tube and leaning the shoulders backward 20 - 30 degrees toward the IR. The CR is perpendicular to the IR. What specific position has been performed?
Lordotic
Short scale contrast (in the analog image) is the result of:
Low Kv
What type of radiographic contrast is produced with a high (120) kv technique?
Low contrast, long scale
The vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves describes the _______ plane.
Median or midsaggital
A longitudinal plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts is the ______ plane.
Midcoronal
Where should a personnel dosimeter be worn during fluoroscopy?
On collar outside the lead apron
The term portrait describes the long dimension of the IR that is aligned ______ to the long axis of the anatomy.
Parallel
The radiographic term projection is defined as:
Path or direction of the CR
What is the name of the dense fibrous membrane that covers bone?
Periosteum
Each digital image is two dimensional and is formed by a matrix of:
Pixels
Which of the following terms describes the sole of the foot?
Plantar
Moving the foot and toes downward is:
Plantar flexion
The top of the foot is placed against the IR with the perpendicular CR entering the sole of the foot. What specific projection has been performed?
Plantodorsal
The opposite term for supination is:
Pronation
A patient is lying on her back facing the x-ray tube. The right side of her body is turned 20 degrees toward the image receptor. What is the radiographic position?
RPO (right posterior oblique)
Which term describes lying down in any position?
Recumbent
The patient is lying on her right side on a cart. The anterior surface of the patient is against the IR. A horizontal CR enters the posterior surface and exits the anterior surface of the body. What specific projection/position has been performed?
Right lateral decubitus
What is the name of the small oval-shaped bone found in tendons?
Sesamoid bones
What type of protective shield is NOT in contact with the patient's body?
Shadow shield
Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
Sternum
A projection in which the CR skims a body part is termed:
Tangential
A dorsoplantar projection would be a radiographic study of:
The foot
Which of the following radiographic studies would best benefit by applying the anode heel effect?
Thoracic spine
A position in which the head is lower than the feet is:
Trendelenburg
A 40-inch (102 cm) SID should be the minimal distance used for most radiographic projections.
True
A body system consists of an association of organs that share a common function.
True
Exposure indicator is a numeric value that is representative of the level of exposure the IR has acquired.
True
It is common practice to view a PA projection with the patient's left facing the viewer's right.
True
The least possible distortion of the anatomy occurs at the point of the CR.
True
The radiographer has the responsibility of communicating with the patient to obtain pertinent clinical information.
True
The term position can be used for both a lateral and an oblique body position.
True
Using a table Bucky device will increase magnification of the anatomy as compared with performing the same study on the tabletop.
True
When placing radiographs of the hand on the view box, the digits should be pointing upward.
True
A patient enters the emergency department (ED) with a piece of wire in the palm of the hand. What is the minimum number of projections required to be taken for this radiographic study?
Two
What is the minimal number of projections taken for a study of the femur?
Two
