SOC 170 Practice Quiz 1

What distinguishes the age structure of West Virginia? Natural decrease Positive net migration High birth rates

Natural decrease

Which of the following refers to how old someone feels? Sociological age Biological age Subjective age Chronological age

Subjective age

True or False: Between one-fifth and one-third of married women with unmet need in lower income countries say that they aren't using contraception because they have sex infrequently. True False

True

Which of the following is not a reason for low fertility mentioned by Gietel-Basten? Difficulty finding decent, secure employment Unaffordable housing Devaluation of children Difficulty combining work and family roles

Devaluation of children

In the "Magic Washing Machine" video, what is the air line? The maximum resource use possible before conditions become unsustainable The moment in history when populations caused air quality to decline The category of resource consumption defined by the ability to afford air travel

The category of resource consumption defined by the ability to afford air travel

According to Stephenson, Newman, and Mayhew, why will future environmentally-induced migration increasingly consist of movements out of urban areas? The majority of the world's population lives in urban areas Urban areas will suffer more acute food shortages than rural areas 60% of the world's largest cities are located in low-lying coastal areas that will be affected by rising sea levels

60% of the world's largest cities are located in low-lying coastal areas that will be affected by rising sea levels

What is the demographic transition? A sequence of population change: mortality declines first, followed by fertility decline The historical shift in the methods of measuring and analyzing demographic data The change from low-population density to high-population density as a population grows

A sequence of population change: mortality declines first, followed by fertility decline The demographic transition was first described by Frank Notestein as part of the demographic critique of Malthus. Notestein argued that as a population developed and modernized, the standard of living would increase and mortality would decline. The cost of children would increase and the benefits of children would decline, leading to lower fertility. Subsequent analyses have found limited support for Notestein's idea that economic development and social modernization are necessary for these demographic changes to occur. However, almost all contemporary world populations have experienced the demographic transition defined by an initial decline in mortality followed by a decline in fertility.

Which of the following causes did NOT contribute to the rising mid-life mortality documented by Case and Deaton? Diabetes Drug overdoses Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis Suicide

Diabetes Case and Deaton documented rising mortality rates among Americans aged 45-54 over the period 1999-2013. Deaths attributable to drug overdoses, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, and suicides all increased substantially over this period of time. The death rate attributable to diabetes remained relatively stable over this time period and did not contribute to rising mortality rates.

True or False: According to the inequality critique of Malthus, population growth and environmental decline cause hunger and poverty. True False

False The inequality critique of Malthus asserts the opposite: hunger and poverty cause population growth and environmental decline. This thesis focuses on the history of colonialism and international development and the social and economic inequality they have fostered between (and within) countries around the world.

What is the compression of morbidity hypothesis? Increased life expectancy will be accompanied by a shortening of the length of time spent in poor health Poor health will become concentrated among a smaller share of the population Poor health will become more common at younger ages and less common at older ages

Increased life expectancy will be accompanied by a shortening of the length of time spent in poor health The compression of morbidity hypothesis refers to the idea that increases in life expectancy will be accompanied by a shortening of the length of time spent in poor health. Individuals will not only gain additional years of life, they will gain additional years of healthy life.

Which of the following statements is true about unmet need and desire for contraception in sub-Saharan Africa? It is the region with the lowest level of demand but the highest level of unmet need It is the region with the highest level of demand and the lowest level of unmet need It is the region with the lowest level of demand and the lowest level of unmet need

It is the region with the lowest level of demand but the highest level of unmet need

According to the article by Eisenstein, why do scholars think the maximum human lifespan might increase in the future New medical technologies to control senescence and treat chronic diseases Elimination of infectious diseases globally Improvements in child mortality

New medical technologies to control senescence and treat chronic diseases

What is the "longevity effect"? The change in expectations of appropriate behavior at older ages The change in the age distribution of the population The increase in population life expectancy as mortality declines

The increase in population life expectancy as mortality declines

What is excess mortality? The number of deaths that society recognizes as being unjust at a particular moment in history The number of deaths from all causes during a crisis above and beyond what we would have expected to see under 'normal' conditions The number of preventable deaths due to a specific cause during a specific period of time

The number of deaths from all causes during a crisis above and beyond what we would have expected to see under 'normal' conditions

What was the primary concern about adding a citizenship question to the 2020 U.S. Census? There were concerns that the results would be used to introduce new immigration quotas There were concerns that including a new question would make the Census too long There were concerns that immigrant families--with and without documentation--would avoid the Census or respond inaccurately.

There were concerns that immigrant families--with and without documentation--would avoid the Census or respond inaccurately. In 2019, the Supreme Court rejected the U.S. government's request to add a question about citizenship to the 2020 U.S. Census. In their decision, they cited concerns from the statistical community that the inclusion of a citizenship question would lead to a substantial undercount of the foreign born population. Prior studies indicated that immigrants--with and without documentation--would be more likely to either respond incorrectly or not submit a Census form if the question was included.

True or False: Excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic includes both deaths attributable to COVID-19 and deaths from other causes. True False

True

In many high income countries with low fertility, what is the norm for the number of children that couples want to have? Two Three One Four

Two

Which of the following is NOT an example of a health reversal identified by Horiuchi? Re-emergence of infectious diseases Social alienation Unhealthy life styles in wealthy societies Unmet need for family planning

Unmet need for family planning Horiuchi identifies five health reversals: the early industrial revolution, unhealthy life styles in wealthy societies, the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases, pollution, and social alienation.

What is an undercount? When the government allocates fewer Representatives to a state than its enumerated population is warranted When statistics are derived from a sample of the population rather than the full Census count When certain sub-populations are more likely to be left out of the Census count than other groups

When certain sub-populations are more likely to be left out of the Census count than other groups An undercount of the Census indicates that some sub-populations--such as particular age categories or members of specific ethnic/racial groups--are less likely to be counted by the Census than other groups.

The width of a population pyramid represents.... the size of the population of a given age the size of the population of a given country the size of the population of a given sex

the size of the population of a given age