Social Problems Final-Lauer
The conservative Southern Baptist Convention in 1998 declared that wives should _______________.
"graciously" submit to the "servant leadership" of their husbands
The conservative Southern Baptist Convention in 1998 declared that wives should _______________.
"graciously" submit to the "servant leadership" of their husbands
The median income for a person with a professional degree is about __________.
$100,000
In 2009, what was the average per-pupil expenditure for schools in Arizona?
$6,385
According to Weidenbaum (1999), about ___________ moves across national borders every hour.
1 trillion
Prostitutes' Education Network claims that there are more than _______ American women who have worked as prostitutes.
1,000,000
How many American homosexuals were dismissed from the military in 2001?
1,250
By 2011, _________ percent of wage and salary workers were union members.
11`.8%
A study of young male prostitutes in San Francisco reported that _______ of them were infected with AIDS.
12%
In the 2004-2005 school year, the average annual cost for a public college (including tuition, fees, room, and board) was ___________.
12,604
By 2005, _________ percent of wage and salary workers were union members.
12.5%
What percentage of the American population is poor? (p. 166)
12.6
The median net worth of non-Hispanic white households is about _________ times that of black households.
13
In her study of primitive societies from 1952, how many did Brown find did not punish male homosexuality?
14 of 44
In a good week, a full time prostitute may have _______ clients.
15
About _______ of married women admit to ever having an affair.
15%
What amendment, in 1870, gave black males the right to vote?
15th
What percentage of the American population is poor?
16.0
About _____ of the homeless are chronically homeless.
17%
According to a study cited in the text, the chances of divorce for a couple who were both previously married and at least one of them brought stepchildren into the marriage was ______.
17%
What percentage of a person's income is spent on food? (p. 165)
17%
Which of the following four groups were the last to receive the right to vote?
18 year olds
If you started your senate campaign early and ran it for four years, how much money [as a range] would you need to raise each week?
19,000 to 120,000
In 2005, the poverty level was an income of ____________ for a family of four. (p. 165)
19,806
Segregation in schools was declared unconstitutional in ___________.
1954
Segregation was declared unconstitutional in ___________.
1964
It was not until _______, that the public began to identify poverty as one of America's serious problems. (p. 164)
1965
Switzerland's national income per capita is _____ times higher than Ethiopia.
198
What year was the Whistleblower Protection Act passed?
1989
In 1920, woman gained the right to vote as a result of the _______Amendment.
19th
Average income over a life time for a high school degree is $1.2 million. For a Bachelor's degree it is ______________.
2.1 million
About _______ American children live in poverty. (p. 168)
20%
Researchers estimate that for men born between 1965 and 1969 ___________ of African Americans will serve some time in prison by the time they are thirty.
20%
What percentage of American children lives in poverty? (p. 168)
20%
About _______ of married men admit to ever having an affair.
25%
Approximately ____________ of Americans would like to see unions have less influence.
32%
When polled, _____________ of females agreed with the statement, "wives should "graciously" submit to the "servant leadership" of their husbands."
32%
When polled, _____________ of females agreed with the statement, "wives should "graciously" submit to the "servant leadership" of their husbands."
32%
What percentage of students who come to kindergarten are not prepared to learn?
33%
In the 2004-2005 school year, the average annual cost for a private college (including tuition, fees, room, and board) was ___________.
34,698
In 2005, how many Americans were categorized as poor? (p. 166)
37 million
Brenner (1978) calculated the impact for a sustained 1% rise in unemployment to cause a __________ percent increase in suicide.
4%
In the first election for which a popular vote was recorded (1824) less than _____ of the population voted.
4%
What percent of men ages 15-21 in the U.S. reported during a research study that they had had a same-sex experience since puberty?
4%
The average work life of an American prostitute is _______.
4-5 years
A survey of 325 prostitutes in Miami reported that over _______ had experienced violence in the preceding year.
40%
A survey of 325 prostitutes in Miami reported that over _______ had experienced violence in the preceding year.
40%
According to Padilla from 1999, there were approximately __________ racist and neo-Nazi groups in the nation.
400
Approximately ____________ of Americans have a favorable view of unions.
41%
By the age of fifty, ________ of Americans will have been in poverty for at least a year. (p. 167)
42%
In 2008, how many millions of dollars were spent campaigning for 33 open US Senate seats?
449
In 2004, the unemployment rate for American Indians was close to _________.
46%
In 2005, how many workers were killed on the job in the United States?
5,702
In 2005, 7.4 million workers, representing ___________ of the work force, held two or more jobs.
5.1%
In 2009, how many Americans identified themselves as multiracial?
5.3 million
What percentage of Americans believe that same-sex marriage should be legal?
51%
In a study of 56 sets of identical male twins, what percentage showed both brothers were gay?
52%
The median income of Asians in 2002 was ____________.
52,291
The textbook uses an example of a New York reporter who went undercover and worked in a Brooklyn garment factory. At the end of seven days and 84 hours of work she was told that she would be paid _____________. (p. 184)
54.24
A study of 426 female prostitutes in West Africa reported that _______ were infected with the AIDS virus.
58%
In 1950, the percentage of women in the work force was 32%. Today the percentage of women participating in the work force is _______________.
59.6%
By 2000, there were ___________ Americans, 2.4 percent of the population who were reported as multiracial.
6.8 million
A recent poll reported that _________ percent of Americans disagree that school prayer violates the separation of church and state.
60
In a study of New Jersey prostitutes, they reported that _______ of their sexual contacts involved fellatio.
62%
A national survey reported that _______ of single men said they did not like a woman who was willing to make love on the first date.
66%
In Prince's (1986) study of prostitutes, ___________ of the streetwalkers admitted to trying to kill themselves.
68%
Americans get ___________of their political news from the television.
69%
The voting percentage for people who have four or more years of college is ________.
74.2%
According to a Gallup poll asking whether racial minorities have equal job opportunities as whites, 62 percent of Hispanics and _________ percent of African Americans said minorities do not have equal opportunities.
81%
In the Silbert and Pines (1981) study, _________ of prostitutes reported themselves as poor.
88%
In a study by Harrison and Dautrich in 1999, _________ percent of workers surveyed said they were satisfied with their jobs.
89%
Which of the following is true?
A) Between 1970 and 2010, the proportion of people who were never married has increased B) Between 1970 and 2010, the proportion of Americans who were married decreased ******C) Both A & B
Which is a myth of homosexuality?
A) Homosexuals have characteristics that are normal for the opposite sex B) Homosexuals fear and are incapable of having heterosexual relationships C) People become homosexual by being seduced by a homosexual ******D) All of the above
Many observers find support for the power elite model in the Bush administration's ties to the oil industry. Which of the following is true?
A) President Bush owned a oil company B) Vice-President Cheney was head of Halliburton, an oil company C) Condoleezza Rice was on Chevron's board of directors for a decade ******D) all the above
Which of the following changes have occurred because of the global economy?
A) an increasing number of jobs are part-time B) an increasing number of jobs have no benefits C) corporate tax obligations have been reduced ******D) all of the above
The number of single-parent families has increased strikingly because of ________
A) delayed marriage B) death, separation, or abandonment by a parent C) births to unmarried women ******D) all of the above
Consequences of corruption or scandal result in ______.
A) economic waste B) lack of trust in the government C) negative actives towards the government ******D) all of the above
Critics charge that Christian schools ___________________.
A) fail to address issues of mediocrity B) increase the amount of mis-education C) promote racial segregation ******D) all of the above
Which of the following has (have) been tried as alternatives to the traditional nuclear family?
A) group marriage B) open marriage C) trial marriage ******D) all of the above
Job inequality is maintained for minorities by practices at the ________ stages.
A) job candidate B) job entry C) job promotion ******D) all of the above
To increase profits, management has decided to _________________.
A) subvert worker's needs to organizational needs B) bust unions C) down size companies ******D) all the above
Attorney General ___________ ordered the bare breast of the statue Spirit of Justice in the Justice Department's Great Hall to be covered.
John Ashcroft
The 1973 Supreme Court decision of ___________ reaffirmed the position that obscenity is not protected by the First Amendment.
Miller v California
The 1957 Supreme Court decision of __________ attempted to establish precise guidelines for deciding when a book, movie, or magazine would be considered obscene.
Roth v United States
The theorist who maintained that "anatomy is destiny" was _______________.
Sigmund Freud
Which of the following industrial countries of the world has the highest rate of poverty for children?
United States
Amin (2004) argued that globalization has led to __________________.
a growing gap between the world's rich and poor
When an occupation is dominated either by males or females social scientists call this phenomenon ___________.
a segregated labor market
In simplest terms, globalization of the economy means ____________________.
a significant increase in the amount of international trade and investment
At best, you can say that the greater happiness and satisfaction reported by the better educated may reflect _______________.
a tendency toward greater fulfillment of potential
Which of the following are examples of sadomasochism?
a. being tied up b. being whipped c. being spanked d. all of the above ***ALL OF THE ABOVE
The "underclass" are those who ____________. (p. 168)
a. have chronic hunger and malnutrition b. are unemployed c. have substandard housing d. all of the above ******ALL OF THE ABOVE
The text points out that the view of the poor as "lazy" ______________. (p. 174)
a. is still prevalent b. is unsupported by evidence c. robs the poor of human dignity d. all of the above ******ALL OF THE ABOVE
Freud concluded that women were more ________ than men.
a. passive b. submissive c. neurotic d. all of the above ******ALL OF THE ABOVE
In the future workers will need _____________ skills.
a. verbal skills b. math skills c. abstract thinking skills d. all the above ******ALL OF THE ABOVE
According to the text's discussion of the "nine paradoxes" of the American presidency, Americans _____________.
a. want strong leaders, but they also fear the abuse of power that a strong leader might bring to the office b. want leaders that will unify people, but they do not want to compromise their own positions in order to forge their unity c. admire leaders with vision, but they also believe that leaders should be responsive to public opinion d. all of the above ***** ALL OF THE BOVE
When poverty is so severe that it is life threatening it is called __________. (p. 165)
absolute power
Initially, the United States was a(n) ____________________.
agrarian society
It is ___________________ that have the highest unemployment rates.
american indians
The term sex refers to __________________.
an individual's biological identity
The philosophy that advocates the abolition of government in order to secure true freedom for people is called _______.
anarchsim
Freud's arguments were summed up in his famous idea that _______ is destiny.
anatomy
In an effort to attain the perfect slim body, women self induce the condition of _________.
anorexia nervosa
Which of the following groups has the highest rate of children being raised by two parents?
asian
In 2005, _____________ had the highest median household income.
asians
In 2005, _______________ had 27.5 percent of their households earning over $100,000 a year.
asians
In 2010, _____________ had the highest median household income.
asians
Which of the following groups has the highest percentage of bachelor's degrees?
asians
Divorce is more likely if couples marry
at a young age
The general mood and social influences in a situation or place is called its __________.
atmosphere
The number of years of education completed by a student is a measure of educational ___________.
attainment
Which of the following countries has the highest percentage of its 25-64 year old population with a bachelor's degree or higher?
australia
The opportunity to control one's own destiny is called ___________. (p. 177)
autonomy
According to the ___________, a woman must be beautiful to be acceptable and attractive.
beauty myth
In the text, which of the following countries scored highest on a prejudice scale?
belgium
The term sex refers to an individual's __________________.
biological identity
Some people are _________, finding gratification with both sexes and having no strong preference for either.
bisexual
If we look at absolute numbers instead of rates, the majority of poor people in this country are ____________.
black
Which of the following groups has the lowest rate of children being raised by two parents?
black
Which of the following races has the highest poverty rate? (p. 167)
black
In 2005, _____________ had the lowest median household income.
blacks
In 2010, _____________ had the lowest median household income.
blacks
A frequently heard criticism of education is that it is ____________.
boring
An organization in which there are specific areas of authority and responsibility, a hierarchy of authority, management based on expertise, management based on rules, and full-time workers is called _______.
bueaucracy
An important task of securing order is the _________.
building trust
Generally, how much would it cost you to become a U.S. Senator?
campaigns usually spend between three and thirty million dollars
An economic system in which there is private, rather than state, ownership of wealth and control of the production and distribution of goods is called _____________.
capitalism
In ____________, people are motivated by profit and compete with each other for maximum shares of profit.
capitalism
In Freud's work there is a high degree of circularity, people who use his arguments fall into the fallacy of ______________.
circular reasoning
In Freud's work there is a high degree of circularity; people who use his arguments fall into the fallacy of _______________.
circular reasoning
According to the text, certain characteristics of the families in the lower strata of society tend to particularly depress __________________.
cognitive development
The growth in the ability to perform increasingly complex intellectual activities, particularly abstract relationships is called ______________.
cognitive development
Changes in the purchasing power of the dollar are measured by the ________ index. (p. 165)
consumer price
A measure of the average change in prices of all types of consumer goods and services is called ________________. (p. 165)
consumer price index
When one continues to deny the existence of racism it is called ___________.
containment
Government benefits given to corporations that are unavailable to other groups or to individuals are sometimes called __________. (p. 182)
corporate welfare
The way of life of a people, including both material products and nonmaterial characteristics is referred to as _____________.
culture
The way the young are socialized into the basic values, beliefs, and customs of the society is called _____________.
culture
The oral stimulation of the female genitalia is called _______.
cunnilingus
Sexual activity conducted via the internet is referred to as _______.
cybersex
The right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" was affirmed in the ________.
declaration of independence
Since 1960, the proportion of workers who are members of unions has __________.
declined
During the 1960s and 1970s, the amount of poverty in the United States ________. (p. 166)
decreased
Many of the homeless are former mental patients who were put out onto the streets as a result of the __________________ movement. (p. 171)
deinstitutionalization
Disfranchisement is _____________________.
denying a person the right to vote
The arbitrary, unfavorable treatment of the members of some social group is called _______. (p. 186)
discrimination
When unemployment is high for particular groups but not others it is called ___________.
discriminatory unemployment
Imposing a poll tax on black voters is an example of ________________.
disfranchisement
In this text, the separation of work into specialized tasks is called ____________.
division of labor
Most of the children raised in homosexual families __________.
do not themselves become homosexual
When a company reduces the labor force it is called ___________.
downsizing
The term "dwb" means ____________________.
driving while black
Sexually arousing materials that are not degrading or demeaning to adults or children is called __________.
erotica
Sexually arousing materials that are not degrading or demeaning to adults or children is called __________.
erotica
People who have a shared historical and cultural background that leads them to identify with each other are called a ___________.
ethnic group
When discussing government waste and possible corruption, one must want to beware of the _______.
fallacy of non sequitar
A 2010 Supreme Court ruling found the formation of Super PACs unconstitutional.
false
A national study found that only a quarter of all workers feel chronically overworked.
false
A national survey reported that the healthiest women are those who are unemployed and married.
false
A rigid, emotional attitude that legitimates discriminatory behavior toward people in a group is called discrimination.
false
A survey of Cambodian prostitutes reported an AIDS infection rate of 25%.
false
According to the text, many Americans view strip clubs as a form of deviant sex.
false
According to the text, there are at least 36 different biological species of humans
false
Arizona had one of the highest average expenditures per pupil in 2009 at over $6,000.
false
Corporate tax obligations have been increased allowing the federal government enough money to support various social programs.
false
Divorced people have the same suicide rates as married people.
false
Domhoff's analysis of decision making concludes that the middle-class generally rules the nation.
false
Eighty percent of a sample of people engaged in cybersex did not consider what they did to be cheating on a relationship partner at all.
false
Globalization of the economy has resulted in many new industrial jobs coming to America from other countries.
false
Homogamy is the marriage between partners with diverse values and backgrounds.
false
Homosexual couples do not have the same problems, needs, desires as heterosexual couples.
false
Homosexuality is found only in democratic countries and does not exist in places like China.
false
Homosexuality is found only in democratic countries and does not exist in places like China.
false
In 2005, the unemployment rate for men was higher than the unemployment rate for women.
false
In 2010, Latinos had the lowest median household income.
false
In a wealthy family, interaction of children with adults generally, and parents in particular, tends to be minimal.
false
In study of high school students, the vast majority of the students said that they tried as hard as they could and they really wanted to learn something.
false
Many observers find support for the power elite model in the Bush administration's ties to the powerful unions.
false
Most homosexuals have characteristics that are normal for the opposite sex-males are "effeminate" and females are "masculine."
false
Most homosexuals have characteristics that are normal for the opposite sex—males are "effeminate" and females are "masculine."
false
Most male prostitutes actually come from well-to-do homes and backgrounds.
false
Most of tax money spent by the federal government goes to poor people.
false
Most people agree on the topic of school vouchers as a positive tool for education of our children.
false
People on welfare often live at higher standards then do people who work.
false
Prejudice is mainly a U.S. problem most Europeans don't combat.
false
Prostitutes are less likely to have had negative sexual experiences in adolescence.
false
Prostitutes do not have higher rates of emotional problems.
false
Surveys report that while African Americans make less money then whites they are generally more happy than whites.
false
The Nixon presidency bolstered citizens' trust in the U.S. government.
false
The U.S. government is relatively the same size it was when our nation first began.
false
The belief that the poor are far more likely to be victims of violent crimes is a myth.
false
The divorce rate for second marriages is lower than the divorce rate for first marriages.
false
The divorce rate is higher for women that do not work than women that do work.
false
The highest percentage of eligible voters who voted in a presidential election between 1932 and 2008 was 82%.
false
The idea of the "damsel in distress" illustrates the notion of the modern independent woman.
false
The majority of prostitutes make so much money that they live very comfortable lifestyles.
false
The number of whites continues to increase as a percentage of the American population.
false
The poor are lazy and just unwilling to work.
false
The problems of abused children usually heal by the time of adulthood.
false
The rate of poverty is higher in metropolitan areas than in rural areas.
false
The right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" was affirmed in the Bill of Rights.
false
The term sex refers to the meaning of being male or female in a particular society.
false
The world's religions teach that sexism is wrong and should be abolished.
false
There are approximately 75 racist and neo-Nazi groups in the U.S.
false
There is no association between violent pornography and men's aggressive attitudes and behavior.
false
Unemployment that is the result of the functioning of the political-economic system itself is called discriminatory unemployment.
false
In 1920, women gained the right to vote as a result of the 26th Amendment.
false -- 19th amendment
Prince reported that the prostitute's relationship with her ___________ seems to be the most important family factor in determining if she becomes a prostitute.
father
According to the text, one of the four freedoms proclaimed by President Franklin Roosevelt was freedom from ______________.
fear
The oral stimulation of the male genitalia is called _______.
fellatio
Various groups maintain that _______ News is biased in favor of the Republican Party and the right-wing perspective.
fox
The meaning of being male or female in a particular society is called __________.
gender
The attitudes and behavior that are expected of men and women in society are referred to as __________.
gender role
An area in which a certain group is segregated from the rest of society; often used today to refer to the impoverished area of the inner city is called __________. (p. 168)
ghetto
The term __________ refers to the invisible barriers that limits a woman's advancement in an organization.
glass ceiling
The inability of the government to legislate significant new policies is called _______.
gridlock
A person who has a sexual preference for persons of the opposite sex is called a ________.
heterosexual
According to the Census Bureau, between mid-2004 and mid-2005, about one out of every two people added to the population were _____________.
hispanic
Both the Asian American and the ___________ population are growing at much faster rates than the population as a whole.
hispanic
Part of the difference in the life expectancy of whites and blacks is the result of the high rate of __________for young black males.
homicide
According to the text, all human beings belong to one biological species; __________.
homo sapiens
All human beings belong to one biological species, ________________.
homo sapiens
A person who has a sexual preference only for persons of the same sex is called a ________.
homosexual
If citizens distrust their government they are more apt to _______?
ignore governmental laws
The proportion of women who have become engineers has _________.
increased considerably in recent decades
From 1870 to 2009 the percentage of students enrolled in school has ______.
increased from 57% to over 90%
A group that attempts to influence public opinion and political decisions in accord with the particular interests of its members is called _______.
interest group
The fact that communes and cohabitation have proliferated suggests that __________.
intimate relations must and will continue
What is the correlation between education and income?
it is a strong positive correlation
In the year 2005, which of the following countries has the lowest unemployment rate?
japan
In a capitalist society, the worker is estranged from his or her own labor according to _____________.
karl marx
A report on the condition of education in 1999 included an analysis on the quality of teaching and concluded that millions of American students have teachers who ____________.
lack the minimum requirements set by the states to teach in public schools
Females who prefer other females for sexual purposes are called ___________.
lesbians
In 2011, approximately which annual income makes a family officially poor?
less than $22,000
The probability of gaining certain advantages defined as desirable, such as long life and health is called _______________.
life chances
In general, the _______________, the lower the educational achievement of the child.
lower the income
In general, the _______________, the lower the educational achievement of the child. (p. 186)
lower the income
The term gender refers to the meaning of being _________ or ___________ in a particular society.
male; female
When one makes people of other races feel excluded and unimportant it is called ________.
marginalization
The typical male customer of a prostitute is ____________.
married, middle-aged, white, male
The "damsel in distress" and "white knight" of folklore illustrate the longstanding notion that __________________.
men are independent and women are dependent creatures
According to you text, it is the __________ that benefit(s) the most from government programs. (p. 181)
middle and upper class
According to you text, it is the __________ that benefits the most from government Programs. (p. 181)
middle and upper class
According to your text, it is the __________ that benefit(s) the most from government programs.
middle and upper classes
The people most likely to benefit from education are those in the ____________.
middle and upper strata
In a pure capitalist system, government involvement in the economy is _________.
minimal
When asked about the major advantages of prostitution the majority of streetwalkers gave _______ as an answer.
money
In the year 2010, which of the following countries has the lowest unemployment rate?
netherlands
In 2004, the average expenditure per pupil was greater in ________________.
new york
According to the text, assuming that anyone can reach the highest levels of income by maximizing his or her education is a fallacy of _______________.
non sequitur
______________ is the legal term for pornography that is defined as unacceptable.
obscenity
To what extent do official figures accurately indicate the number of poor in America? (p. 166)
official figures minimize the number of poor in america
While one in 17 white males will spend some time in prison, _________ of black males will spend some time in prison during their lifetime.
one in three
About what proportion of all children living in poverty are in female-headed households?
one-half
The work place death rate has been cut by more than half since 1970 by ___________.
osha - the occupational safety and health administration
The need for a socially unacceptable stimulus in order to be sexually aroused and satisfied is called ___________.
paraphilia
The fallacy of __________________ is used to defend an unjust social order.
personal attacks
A prostitute may suffer abuse at the hands of her husband or boyfriend and her ______.
pimp
One who earns all or part of his living by acting as a manager or procurer for a prostitute is called a _______.
pimp
The person who makes a living as a manager for a prostitute is known as a ________?
pimp
The more or less equal distribution of power among interest groups is called _______.
pluralism
A feeling of political disillusionment, powerlessness and estrangement is called _______.
political alienation
What type of person is more likely to have negative attitudes towards homosexuals?
political conservatives
An organized group that attempts to control the government through the electoral process is called _______.
political party
Which social class is most likely to be a victim of a crime?
poor class
Which social class is most likely to be a victim of a crime? (p. 173)
poor class
Social scientists define literature, art, or films that are sexually arousing as _________.
pornography
A state in which income is insufficient to provide the basic necessities of food, shelter, clothing, and medical care is called ______________. (p. 165)
poverty
A state in which income is insufficient to provide the basic necessities of food, shelter, clothing, and medical care is called ______________.
poverty
A rigid, emotional attitude that legitimates discriminatory behavior toward people in a group is called _________________.
prejudice
An important function of the family is to provide individuals with what kind of group?
primary
When one imputes racial problems to those of other races rather than to one's own race it is called ___________.
problematization
The undiscriminating, casual sexual relationships with many people are called _______.
promiscuity
The undiscriminating, casual sexual relationships with many people is called _______.
promiscuity
Public schools are generally funded by ______________.
property taxes
Having sexual relations for remuneration is referred to as _______.
prostitution
According to your text, the first function of government is to ____________________.
protect the citizenry
A group of people distinguished from other groups on the basis of certain biological characteristics is referred to as __________.
race
The belief that some racial groups are inherently inferior to others is referred to as _______.
racism
Political Action Committees (PACs) ________________________.
raise funds and make contributions to election campaings
Some observers believe that the 2.9 million votes cast for _______ in 2000 were enough to snatch victory away for Al Gore and give the Presidency to George Bush.
ralph nader
The unemployment rates for men and women in 2005 showed ______________.
rates of unemployment were even
It was President ____________ who fired and permanently replaced more than 1200 air-traffic controllers.
reagan
An organization established by the government to enforce statutes that applied to a particular activity is called a ________.
regulatory agency
Winick and Kinsie (1971) suggest that the following two variables increased the likelihood of prostitution in a community.
rejection of non-marital sex and no open discussion of sex
When poverty is measured by comparing your position in society with other people's positions in society it is called ______________. (p. 165)
relative poverty
In the first televised presidential debate the candidates were John Kennedy and _________.
richard nixon
A school atmosphere in which the motions of teaching and learning continue, while the students are more concerned about surviving than learning is called _________.
ritualized deprivation
The practice of deriving sexual pleasure from the infliction of pain is called ________.
sadomasochism
While the United States is considered a melting pot by some, others like to use the term _______.
salad bowl
While the United is considered a melting pot by some, others like to use the term _______.
salad bowl
Rewards and punishments designed to influence behavior are called _________.
sanctions
The atmosphere of fear which characterizes many schools is responsible for _________.
school absences
According to your text, the second function of government is to __________________.
secure order
In a ___________ people tend to evaluate jobs and careers in terms of the predominant gender of the workers as well as the education and skills required.
segregated labor market
The case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka dealt with ___________.
segregated schools
In recent years the United States has moved into a __________________ society.
service and informational
An individual's biological identity is referred to as a person's __________.
sex
Prejudice or discrimination against someone because of his or her sex is called _______.
sexism
Sending erotic or nude photos or videos to a particular person via a cell phone or the Internet is known as _______?
sexting
Which of the following families has the greatest chance of being poor? (p. 167)
single black mother
To understand why women would accept the traditional female role you must look at their ______________.
socialization
The term _________ refers to intercourse defined as "unnatural;" particularly used to refer to anal intercourse.
sodomy
For the last twenty-five years the enrollment in Community Colleges has __________.
steadily increased
Hidden or subtle acts of prejudice and discrimination that may be apparent only to the victim are called ____________.
stealth racism
Unemployment that is the result of the functioning of the political-economic system itself is called ________________.
structural unemployment
The kind of school where an atmosphere of ritualized deprivation is most likely to be found would be one which includes _______________.
students who live in urban ghettos
A government grant to a private person or company to assist an enterprise deemed advantageous to the public is called __________. (p. 181)
subsidy
Ways of living that enable people to adapt to their punishing, depriving reality are called _________. (p. 173)
survival strategies
Much of the increase in the American Indian population has been due to __________.
switching
Which of the following nations has the highest gross national product (GNP) per capita? (p. 172)
switzerland
An example of stealth racism is ______________________.
taxis that refuse to pick up blacks
The number of Americans who identified themselves as multiracial increased _____ from 1960 to 1990.
tenfold
The term gender role refers to ____________________.
the attitudes and behavior that are expected of men and women in society
Which of these illustrates longstanding notions of men and women?
the damsel in distress and - the white knight
Two researchers, Dixon and Van Horn (2003), looked at work in the early 2000s and called it the era of ______________.
the disposable worker
The total value of all goods and services produced by a nation during a single year is called __________. (p. 171)
the gross national product
Rainwater's concept of the "expressive strategy" involves ___________. (p. 173)
the manipulation of others
The term gender refers to _______________________.
the meaning of being male of female in a particular society
An influential factor in creating an awareness of the problem of poverty was a book entitled _______________. (p. 165)
the other america
Who is most likely to die at a younger age? (p. 171)
the poor
Frey and Al-Roumi (1999) gathered data on the quality of life from 87 countries of the world. They found that ______________.
the quality of life was related to the level of political democracy found in the country
Frey and Al-Roumi (1999) gathered data on the quality of life from 87 countries of the world. They found that ______________________.
the quality of life was related to the level of political democracy found in the country
The unemployment rate for men and women tends to suggest that _________.
the rates have tended to be equal, or to be higher for men than for women
The notion that your sense of worth and the satisfaction of your needs are intricately related to the kind of work you do is called ___________.
the work ethic
A group of people distinguished from other groups on the basis of certain biological characteristics is referred to as race.
true
A strong, positive relationship exists between levels of education and income.
true
A variation of the power elite model, held by Marxists, is that capitalist wield the power, including power over the government.
true
According to a Gallup poll asking whether racial minorities have equal job opportunities as whites, 62 percent of Hispanics and 81 percent of African Americans said minorities do not have equal opportunities.
true
According to the text, one of the four freedoms proclaimed by President Franklin Roosevelt was freedom from fear.
true
African Americans are often forced to pay more than whites for the same quality of housing.
true
Americans are divided in their attitudes toward pornographic materials.
true
Among social groups, wealth and poverty are distributed unequally.
true
Among those in single-parent households, grades are lowered even more by father absence than by mother absence.
true
Assuming that a suburban school with lower-than-average funding offers a better education than an inter-city school in a more funded state is a fallacy of dramatic instance.
true
Attorney General John Ashcroft ordered the bare breast of the statue Spirit of Justice in the Justice Department's Great Hall to be covered.
true
Child abuse is more likely when one of the natural parents is missing.
true
Desire for fellatio is an important reason men visit prostitutes.
true
For Marxists, all workers in a capitalist system are alienated by definition.
true
For many women, having jobs outside the home means "in addition to" rather than "instead of" taking care of their homes.
true
From the point of view of the child, abuse is a form of rejection.
true
If you are white, you are less likely to be poor than if you are nonwhite, but if you are poor you are more likely to be white than nonwhite.
true
In 2010 the percentage of divorced people was lowest among the males than females.
true
It is increasingly likely U.S. workers will engage in tasks involving substantive complexity such as verbal or math skills rather than simply basic motor skills.
true
It is safe to conclude that about 3 to 4 percent of American men and 2 to 3 percent of American women prefer to be exclusively homosexual.
true
Many observers argue that globalization has led to a growing gap between the world's rich and poor.
true
Minorities are not as well represented in Congress as are whites.
true
No particular type of sexual behavior is "natural" or "normal" in contrast to other types.
true
One of the most important values of Americans is autonomy and equal opportunity.
true
One reason men visit prostitutes is because they feel awkward trying to meet women.
true
One study of 528 gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth found that because of their sexual orientation nearly 80% had been verbally abused.
true
People who work overtime have more health problems than people who do not.
true
Physical abuse to a prostitute is most likely to come from a customer.
true
Pornography on the Internet has led to a dramatic decline in the number of videos/DVDs Americans rent each year.
true
Pornography reinforces certain stereotypes, especially for women.
true
Prostitutes come disproportionately from families involved in physical and/or sexual abuse, alcoholism, and the use of other drugs.
true
Since the 1960s, the proportion of workers who are members of unions has declined.
true
Some segments of the men's movement take the position that men, not women, are the truly oppressed group today.
true
Some segments of the men's movement take the position that men, not women, are the truly oppressed group today.
true
The 15th Amendment, in 1870, gave black males the right to vote.
true
The 26th Amendment, ratified in 1971, extended the right to vote to 18-year-olds.
true
The enrollment In two-year colleges more than doubled from 1970 to 1980.
true
The higher the level of education the higher the reported happiness and satisfaction with life.
true
The ideology that man should be the breadwinner can lead to violence and abuse in the home.
true
The number of people who have never been married has continued to increase.
true
The poor live under such circumstances as to cause higher rates of mental and physical illness.
true
The position of the family in the stratification system has a close relationship to the educational attainment of the children.
true
The typical customer for a prostitute is a married, middle-age, white male.
true
The unemployment rate is the proportion of the labor force that is not working but is available for work and has made specific efforts to find work.
true
This text states that "equality of educational opportunity means that every child has access to quality education and is not deterred from maximizing that education by social background or economic factors."
true
Those that use prostitutes tend to do so over an extended period of time.
true
When polled, 32 percent of females agreed with the statement, "wives should "graciously" submit to the "servant leadership" of their husbands."
true
While one in 17 white males will spend some time in prison, one in three black males will spend some time in prison during their lifetime.
true
One factor that has aided educational attainment is the proliferation of ______.
two-year colleges
Among age groups, the highest rate of poverty by far is among those people who are _________. (p. 168)
under eighteen
The term _______________ refers to working full time for poverty wages, working part time when full-time work is desired, or working at a job below the worker's skill level.
underemployment
The ____________ is the proportion of the labor force that is not working but is available for work and has made specific efforts to find work.
unemployment rate
Among social groups, wealth and poverty are distributed _________. (p. 167)
unevenly
One way to deal with low-paying jobs is to _____________ the workers. (p. 184)
unionize
Which of the following countries has the highest percentage of its people with a university education
united states
Which of the following industrial countries of the world has the highest rate of poverty for children? (p. 168)
united states
Domhoff's analysis of decision making concludes that the _______ generally rules the nation.
upper class
According to the text, there appears to be a direct positive correlation between the level of education and ____________ participation.
voter
If we look at absolute numbers instead of rates, the majority of poor people in this country are ____________. (p. 167)
white
It is ___________________ that have the lowest unemployment rates.
whites
Which of the following groups have the highest median net worth?
whites
According to the text, the largest minority in America is ____________.
women
