Sociology Chapters 1 and 2

True or false: State or repressive terrorism is intended to upset the status quo and bring change.

False

__________, one of the founding sociologists, urged sociologists to understand a social setting from the point of view of the people in it.

Max Weber

Social structures sometimes have negative consequences for the operation of society as a whole. Which of the following concepts refers to these negative consequences?

Social dysfunctions

Which theoretical approach claims that it is not so much what people do that matters as much as what meaning they attach to their behavior?

Symbolic-interaction approach

Which of the following factors is important to understanding revolutionary terrorism?

The high level of solidary or social cohesion of their group helps reinforce each other's self-righteousness. The group leaders tend to be perceived as legitimate by group members, thus fostering trust and obedience to their wishes.

Which of the following examples illustrates a micro-level focus?

Two people on an airplane getting to know one another

In the United States today, the suicide rate is highest for which of the following categories of people?

White males

Which of the following demographic patterns do we find regarding revolutionary terrorism in the Middle East?

Younger people are more likely to engage in it than older people. Males are more likely to engage in it than females. Social marginals are more likely to engage in it than upstanding citizens.

A simplified description unfairly applied to every person in the same category is called ________

a stereotype.

Peter Berger describes using the sociological perspective as seeing the ______ in the _______.

general; particular

Unrecognized and unintended favorable consequences of a social pattern are called ________

latent functions.

According to Emile Durkheim, categories of people with a higher anomic suicide rate typically have ________

lower levels of social integration.

In deciding what kinds of questions to ask in their research, sociologists are guided by ________

one or more theoretical approaches.

Looking at the operation of U.S. schools guided by the social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to conclude that ________

our society provides some students with far better schooling than others.

The social-conflict approach draws attention to ________

patterns of social inequality.

A manifest function of sports is ________

providing recreation and physical conditioning.

By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists ________

reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives.

The "framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change" is the ________

social-conflict approach.

The ________ approaches are macro-level, describing societies in broad, structural terms.

structural-functional and social-conflict

The early sociologists Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim used the ________

structural-functional approach.

The theoretical approach in sociology that assumes society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the ________

structural-functional approach.

Understanding marriage using the structural-functional approach might prompt you to consider ________

the consequences of marriage for the operation of society.

Herbert Spencer described human society as a complex system having much in common with ________

the human body.

The basic idea of the symbolic-interaction approach is that society is ________

the product of people interacting in countless everyday situations.

Among the historical changes that stimulated the development of sociology as a discipline was ________

the rise of the industrial economy and growth of cities.