Sociology Quiz 4

Several cases of children growing up in extreme social isolation, documented by Kingsley Davis, seem to suggest that: a. most mental capacities, and perhaps even the ability to think, are learned through social interaction. b. human intelligence is almost entirely determined by heredity. c. the effects of isolation at an early age are readily reversible if caught in time. d. the effects of extreme isolation in children are irreversible if the situation isn't corrected by the time the child is five years old. e. Mead's view of the development of the self is flawed.

a

Socialization refers to the: a. process by which people learn the norms, values, and beliefs of their culture. b. fact that human nature is essentially self-centered and must be unlearned. c. interaction between people and social institutions. d. interaction between different societies' cultures. e. process by which individuals come to know one another.

a

What is the tendency to use your own group's way of doing things as the yardstick for judging others called? a. ethnocentrism b. culture shock c. cultural relativism d. self-centeredness e. dysfunction

a

Which of the following is an example of something that would be a part of a person's or a society's material culture? a. weapons of war b. democracy as a political system c. a belief in a supreme being d. a preference to have health rather than wealth e. a belief that the world is flat

a

Which of the following is true about the process of socialization? a. Socialization teaches individuals what they need to become functioning members of society. b. Socialization usually ends around the onset of adulthood for most people. c. The socialization process begins in adolescence. d. The family is the only agent of socialization.

a

The looking-glass self explains: a. why it is so difficult to see ourselves as others do. b. how we develop a self-concept based on our perceptions of others' judgments of us. c. how young children come to realize that they have a separate identity. d.the process of a self-fulfilling prophecy. e. why we respond to the generalized other

b

A position in a social hierarchy that carries a particular set of expectations is called a: a. role. b. expectation. c. status. d. occupation.

c

In the article "Jihad vs. McWorld," Benjamin R. Barber points out that "in November of 1991 Switzerland's once insular culture boasted best-seller lists featuring Terminator 2 as the No. 1 movie, Scarlett as the No. 1 book, and Prince's Diamonds and Pearls as the No. 1 record album." Many people worry that the prominence of American culture goes beyond the media and represents the wholesale imposition of American values on other cultures, a process called: a. culture war. b. ideal culture. c. cultural imperialism. d. cultural diffusion. e. counterculture.

c

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (also called the principle of linguistic relativity) suggests that: a. although we have different labels for things, all humans share the same sense of social reality. b. in social interaction, nonverbal communication is as powerful as language. c. language can structure our perception of reality. d. we relate to each other on a symbolic rather than a literal level. e. our perception of reality can affect the dialect that we speak.

c

What does Chapter 3 claim is the most significant component of culture? a. history b. logos c. language d. multiculturalism e. technology

c

Which of the following is one of the functions of symbolic culture? a. It helps people to understand hegemony. b. It provides material signs of values and beliefs. c. It allows people to communicate. d. It poses a threat to the larger society. e. It aids the proliferation of western media.

c

Which of the following is an example of a sanction? a. a child being put into time-out b. a smile c. a speeding ticket d. all of these

d

Because impression management relies so much on strategies of performance, scholars have called Erving Goffman's ideas: a. psychoanalysis. b. the dual self. c. self-centered society. e. embodied statuses. e. dramaturgy.

e

What is the definition of "culture"? a. Culture includes the habits and lifestyle choices of a group of people. b. Culture includes customs and rituals, and tools and artifacts. c. Culture shapes and defines who we are. d. Culture encompasses every aspect of social life. e. Correct all of the above

e

The human mind and the individual's sense of self are both largely created through social processes. true or false

true