Speech 1315 - 064 chapter 9

Which of the following does an internal summary do?

Reminds listeners of what they just heard.

Which organizational pattern would be most effective for arranging the main points of a speech that describes five types of competitive gymnastics events?

Topical

A speaker says, "Next, we will look at three important Civil War battles that took place in Tennessee. These are Shiloh, Nashville, and Franklin." This is an example of a(n)

internal preview.

An internal preview

lets the audience know with some detail what the speaker will discuss next. works just like a preview statement in a speech introduction but in the body of the speech.

The problem-solution pattern of organization for ordering main points is primarily used for ______ speeches.

persuasive

Because main points are the information that you most want your audience to learn, you need to

select them carefully.

Balance coverage of main points.

I. Sales have increased with the release of our new product. (20%) II. Hiring new employees has allowed us to meet greater demand. (80%)

In which method of speech arrangement does a speaker narrate a series of events in the order in which they occurred?

Chronological order

In a speech about exercise, Louis developed three main points: I. Exercise benefits physical health. II. Exercise benefits mental health. III. Exercise benefits sleep patterns. Which of the following best describes the way Louis wrote the main points?

They use parallel wording.

The order of main points that follows a directional pattern is called

spatial order.

Topical order

Main points are ordered by category.

Which of the following is an example of an effective signpost?

"First, I will discuss what fracking is."

When you are giving a speech and say, "My second point is," which of the following are you using?

A signpost

Ann gave 10% of her time to Point I, 15% of her time to Point II, and 75% of her time to Point III. What does this division indicate?

Ann's main points are not balanced. Point I and Point II may not need to be main points.

What type of organizational pattern would you be using if you presented a speech in which the first main point covers things that contribute to diabetes, and the second and final main point describes the effects of the disease?

Causal

Which organizational pattern first looks at factors that result in an event, then looks at the effects of the event?

Causal

Which of the following statements is an example of an effective internal preview?

In discussing why buying local is a good choice, we'll look first at how it benefits the environment and second at its benefits for the economy.

What is the most important reason for limiting main points?

It is hard to adequately develop numerous main points in a short speech.

Strategic organization helps speeches be more effective. Which of the following are positive effects of strategic organization?

The audience believes the speaker is more competent. The speaker has more confidence. The audience better understands the speech.

Causal order

Main points demonstrate a cause-effect relationship.

Problem-solution order

Main points demonstrate that a problem exists and provides a potential solution.

Spatial order

Main points follow a directional or structural pattern.

Chronological order

Main points follow the sequence in which they happened.

Assume the first two main points of your speech are "Online advertising can reduce marketing costs," and "Online advertising can be changed quickly." Which of the following examples would be an example of your third point in parallel form?

Online advertising can reach a wide audience.

Chronological order Spatial order Causal order Topical order Problem-solution order

Since the first Independence Day, fireworks have become a staple of American culture. The city has of a central business core that is surrounded by a dozens of ethnic neighborhoods. The gap between minimum wage and living wage leads to financial hardship for a significant portion of Americans The modern news media landscape is composed of print, online, and television news. Students do not have sufficient access to mental health services on campus and would benefit from additional counselors

Which of the following main ideas concerning the Internet would be best communicated by a speech that is ordered chronologically?

The Internet today is used by billions of people worldwide. The Internet evolved in the 2000s as smartphones were introduced. The Internet transitioned from government use to commercial use at the beginning of the 1990s.

Which of the following are always stated in a transition?

The idea the speaker is about to start discussing. The idea the speaker has just finished discussing.

If the statement, "We have discussed the causes of diabetes; now let us look at some of the effects of diabetes," were in the body of a speech, what kind of connective would it be?

Transition

Topical order is when you organize your speech

by dividing the speech topic into subtopics, each of which is a main point.

Transitions, internal previews, internal summaries, and signposts

help connect one thought to another in a speech.

Why should a speaker strive to balance the amount of time devoted to main points?

Because main points are important and speakers should be sure they all receive enough emphasis.

Wade has created a list of main points for his speech about how to increase involvement in his college's student government. Which points follow the tip to keep main points separate?

Establish more incentives for students to participate. Put up flyers where students can see them, such as in the student union. Advertise about the student government in the college newspaper.

Connectives help join one thought to another in a speech and include which of the following?

Internal summaries Internal previews Signposts Transitions

Why is important for a speech to be well organized?

The speaker's coherence affects the listener's perception of the speech. Unlike reading a text, the audience cannot reread parts to better understand the message.

Peter has divided his speech topic, physical fitness, into three subtopics: strength, endurance, and flexibility. Which method of speech organization is this an example of?

Topical order

Brief statements that help listeners follow your ideas by indicating exactly where you are in the speech are called

signposts.

Henri is giving a speech on exhibits at the local zoo and wants to discuss the exhibits in the order readers would see them if they were to follow the main path through the zoo. Henri will be using ______ order for his speech organization.

spatial

Keep main points separate.

I. The city should fund youth sports programs and advertise sports camps in schools. (60%) II. The charges for local sports programs should be reduced. (40%)

What are the primary strategies for preparing main points in speeches?

Create independent points for clarity. Use parallel wording to improve comprehension. Balance the time dedicated to each point.

Alexa is writing a speech about four types of storms. What tip for writing main points did she forget to use in setting up the main points below? I. Hurricanes and tornadoes are storms with strong winds, but hurricanes occur along coastlines. II. Hailstorms are thunderstorms with strong updrafts. III. Ice storms are storms in which the air temperature is near freezing.

Keep main points separate.

Kendra is giving a speech on the city of Denver. Her first main point is "Denver is full of fun things to do and see." Which of the following would be appropriate support for this main point?

Denver's Botanic Gardens hosts events and lectures. Denver's 16th Street Mall is lined with restaurants and shops for browsing.

If your main point is "Olives have a long history as a staple in the human diet," which of the following would be appropriate supporting points?

For centuries, olives have been turned into cooking oil. Olives have been eaten in Crete since at least 3,000 BCE.

Renee is writing a speech about threats to the global elephant population. How would you best combine her two related main points below? I. Elephants are endangered animals. II. Habitat loss and the ivory trade threaten the elephant population.

Habitat loss and the ivory trade have caused elephants to become endangered.

Write main points with parallel wording.

I. First, we need to recruit volunteers to collect signatures. (50%) II. Training volunteers to collect signatures is the second step. (50%)

While working on the body of the speech, you realize that the process you have just discussed is complex, so you decide to review the steps of the process before going to your next point. What type of connective would you likely add?

Internal summary

Here are the two main points for a persuasive speech about the environmental hazards of discarded electronics: I. Discarded electronic items have become a major source of pollution in landfills. II. Solving the problem requires government and personal intervention. Which pattern of organization was used in this speech?

Problem-solution

Assume that your specific purpose statement is "to inform my audience about leadership of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the Federal government." Which of the following would most likely be the main points of your speech? Select all that apply.

The executive branch of the Federal government is headed by the president, who is responsible for carrying out federal laws. The legislative branch of the Federal government is headed by Congress, which includes the House of Representatives and the Senate. The judicial branch of the Federal government is headed by the Supreme Court and is responsible for interpreting the constitution and reviewing laws.