SS Chapter 12 Lessons 1-2

What does Genghis Khan mean?

"Universal Ruler"

Where and what is the Forbidden City?

(Where) Located in heart of Beijing (what) Built as the emperor's palace and was actually a collection of hundreds of buildings, surrounded by 35 foot high walls

Taj Mahal

- located in Agra, India - took 20 years to build - tomb built by Shah Jahan for his wife (tried to make it as beautiful as the love they had)

Mongol (Yuan) dynasty

1280-1368 Expert sailors, Playwriting Known for their horsemanship Improved roads and water travel for traders

Ming dynasty

1368-1644 Ceramic glazes and potter's wheels Great Wall is reinforced and extended to protect against northern invaders Ruled 100 million people at the height of its power Stopped interacting with foreigners because they believed they had the greatest civilization in the world

Sui dynasty

581-618 Reunified the country Canal system connecting waterways High taxes and forced labor caused end of dynasty

Tang dynasty

618-907 One of China's greatest dynasties Empress Wu Hou was China's first female ruler Civil service exams improved so more talented people worked for the government Literature and fine arts flourished First paper money printed

Forbidden City

9,999 rooms Located in Beijing and was the emperor's palace built from 1406-1421 by Ming Dynasty Only the government's highest officials could enter

Five dynasties and 10 kingdoms

907-960 warfare and corruption

Song dynasty

960-1279 Established strong central rule by uniting warring groups. First military use of gunpowder Printers use movable type First use of fractions and celestial clock

Shah Jahan

Akbar's grandson Built the Taj Mahal

What was unusual about Akbar's tax policy?

Akbar's land tax was applied to every member of the Empire, including peasants and nobles. It was equal to 1/3 the value of crops produced on the land each year. In the past, rulers had only taxed the crops of farmers.

Who was the first Mogul ruler of India?

Babur in 1526

Akbar

Babur's grandson who was the greatest Mogul emperor Brought most of the Indian subcontinent under Mogul rule. To keep his empire unified, he tried to win the loyalty of non-Muslim subjects. Organized the empire into provinces, districts and villages. New tax policy.

Babur

Central Asian leader who seized power to start the Mogul empire rule Ruled for 4 years and conquered much of northern India

Zheng He

Chinese explorer who went westward for 7 voyages Ming emperor encouraged his exploration until he died and the next emperor stopped the voyages

Which dynasty reunified China after 400 years of unrest?

Sui dynasty

Mongolia

wandering groups of northern Asia united by Temujin (Genghis Khan)

Why is there a variety of cultures in India?

Many different groups invaded India between 455 to early 1500s and brought their cultures with them.

How did Aurangzeb's policies affect the Hindus in India?

He forced Hindus to pay a special tax and destroyed many Hindu temples while trying to force Hindus to convert to Islam.

What was the purpose behind Zheng He's expeditions abroad?

The emperor hoped that China would be seen as a great and wealthy power so he gave riches such as gold, silver and silk to Zheng He to give out on his travels.

How did the Mongol/Yuan dynasty show its concern for trade?

They improved land and water travel to make sure that travel was safe throughout the empire.

Kublai Khan

grandson of Genghis Khan conquered southern China and Burma by 1280 This is beginning of the Mongol (Yuan) dynasty First time China was ruled by non-Chinese ruler

Agra

location of the Taj Mahal in India

Genghis Khan

Used terror Had a loyal and disciplined army Defeated people of northern China and Persia