Substitutes for Leadership
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Substitutes and Neutralizers
Organizational variables can neutralize the leader's influence or act as substitutes for leadership Leader becomes irrelevant
Neturalizer
a situational characteristic that counteracts the leadership style and prevents the leader from displaying certain behaviors
Substitute
a situational variable that makes leadership unnecessary or redundant
Substitutes for leadership
Follower characteristics: --Experience, training, professional orientation, or the need for independence Job characteristics --Routine, unambiguous, and satisfying jobs Organization characteristics --Explicit formalized goals, rigid rules and procedures, or cohesive work groups
