Test3

In contrast to our explicit conscious reasoning, our seemingly effortless and automatic feelings or thoughts are called:

Intuitions

Samantha has met several men through speed dating. She is most likely to accept requests for dates from:

Jim who has a good job, exercise frequently, and is attractive

People tend to prefer a(n) ________ image of themselves.

Mirror

A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage:

Non conformity

The set of people perceived as different from "us" is called a(n)

Outgroup

People's preferences for sweet tastes are ________, and their preferences for excessively salty tastes are ________.

Universal; learned

If a test is standardized, this means that:

a person's test performance can be compared with that of a representative pretested group.

A(n) ________ is a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.

Incentive

Creating groups based on the outcome of a coin toss leads people to favor their own new group when dividing any rewards. This best illustrates:

Ingroup bias

Participants in speed-dating encounters can form a feeling about a conversational partner and register whether the partner likes them in about ________ minute(s). If women at a speed-dating event stay seated while the men circulate, men wish for future contact with more of their speed dates than do women.

4

By about age 7, those who have not been exposed to either a spoken or a signed language gradually lose their ability to master any language. This illustrates the importance of _______ for language acquisition.

A critical period

The belief that intelligence is changeable facilitates:

A growth mind set

The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern. This pattern is called:

A normal curve

With which of the following statements will people typically agree most quickly?

A robin is a bird

Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's:

Ability to reason speedily and abstractly

Alyssa is feeling anxious and stressed. Which of the following would most effectively boost her mood by increasing the availability of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, serotonin, and the endorphins?

Aerobic exercise

Prejudice is best defined as?

An unjustifiable, usually negative, attitude towards a group and its members

_____ is unselfish regard for the welfare of others.

Autism

The World Health Organization identifies obesity as a high:

Body mass index

The part of the cerebral cortex that directs the muscle movements involved in speech is known as:

Brocas area

The phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present means the less likely each individual is to help someone in distress is called the?

Bystander effect

Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating?

Cognition

Unlike the low-road brain pathway, the high road for emotional responses extends through the:

Cortex

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas is called:

Creativity

Participants in the Milgram obedience studies were ordered to:

Deliver electric shocks to a leaner for giving incorrect answers

People become obsessed with water when thirsty and obsessed with food when hungry. This illustrates that activated motives:

Dominate consciousness

A hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in times of emergency is:

Epinephrine

Consumers respond more positively to ground beef advertised as "75 percent lean" than to ground beef described as "25 percent fat." This illustrates that consumer reactions are influenced by:

Framing

Research suggests that subjective well-being is fostered by keeping a(n) ________ journal.

Gratitude

A business leader who welcomes a variety of opinions from subordinates and invites experts to critique her company's developing plans is most likely to inhibit:

Groupthink

Communities with greater income inequality tend to have ________ rates of crime and ________ rates of drug use.

Higher; higher

Prejudice is a mixture of all of the following EXCEPT:

Hindsight bias

In the Stanford prison experiment, male college students volunteered to act either as guards or as prisoners. In only six days, the guards became cruel and degrading and the prisoners became passive, broke down, or rebelled, The psychologist who devised the study was?

Philip Zimbardo

For purposes of lie detection, investigators have most commonly made use of a(n):

Polygraph

The most powerful predictor of whether people will become friends is:

Proximity

Animals that have successfully fought to get food or mates become increasingly ferocious. This best illustrates that aggression is influenced by:

Reinforcment

Natasha and Dimitri have a fulfilling marital relationship because they readily confide their deepest hopes and fears to each other. This best illustrates the value of:

Self disclosure

The social psychologist who is best known for his controversial studies investigating destructive obedience to an authority is?

Stanly Milgram

A body that can store fat has the advantage of possessing:

Stored energy

Heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels are increased in times of emergency by:

Stress hormones

Psychologists describe shared goals that override differences among people and require their c cooperation as:

Superordinate

As her professor distributed the mathematics test to the class, Blair's heart started to pound and her palms began to sweat. These physiological reactions were activated by her ________ nervous system.

Sympathetic

Without any conscious effort, you're ________ prepares you to fight or flee from dangerous situations.

Sympathetic nervous system

The tendency for optimal levels of performance to be associated with moderate levels of arousal is known as:

The Yerkes Dodson law

What is the phenomenon in which the repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases the liking of them?

The mere exposure effect

Underestimating the time and cost necessary to complete a project best demonstrates:

The planning fallacy

The emotional bonding and mutual support that survivors of natural disasters provide to one another best illustrates:

The tend and befriend response

The excitement that lingers after a frightening event can often facilitate attraction and sexual desire. This is best explained by:

The two factor theory

Coping refers to a variety of methods used to:

alleviate stress

Human language appears to have evolved from:

gestured communication