The American Pageant Chapter 2-4
Georgia
Buffer colony between Florida and Louisiana
First Anglo-Powhatan War
First war against the Native Americans which involved the use of "Irish tactics"
Middle Colonies
Colonies that were built around rivers, industry, and diversity
Primogeniture
Law that decreed that only eldest sons could inherit estates
Mayflower Compact
An agreement formed by the Pilgrims to form a crude government and submit to the will of the majority under the regulations set in place
Protestant Reformation
An effort which came to fruition after Queen Elizabeth ascended the throne and this became the dominant religion
Leisler's Rebellion
Animosity between landholders and aspiring merchants in New York led to this insurgence
Barbados slave code
Bill that gave masters complete control over their laborers
Iroquois Confederacy
Bound together five Native American nations
John Smith
Captain who saved Jamestown from completely collapse
Antinomianism
Claim made that holy life was no sure sign of salvation and that the truly saved need not bother to obey the law of God or man
New Haven
Colony founded by Puritans that aimed to have more of a church-government than Massachusetts, and was later merged with democratic settlements in the Connecticut Valley
Dutch East India Company
Company that led the Dutch to become a massive and wealthy empire, holding much power in the East Indies
Virginia Company
Company that received a charter for a settlement in the New World
Royal African Company
Company whose loss of charter caused a steep rise in value of slaves
Dutch East India Company
Counterpart to its more powerful sister company, this company established outposts in Africa and the Carribean, and a thriving sugar enterprise in Brazil. In 1628 it raided a fleet of Spanish treasure ships and stole $15 million in loot
Jamestown
First successful colony established in 1607
Jeremiad
Form of sermon which scolded parishioners for their waning piety, leading to a large decrease in conversions
Lord De La Warr
Harsh leader of Jamestown who employed "Irish tactics" against the Native Americans
Henry Hudson
Hired by the Dutch to sail northeast, he disregarded orders and ventured into Delaware Bay and New York Bay in 1609
Predestination
Idea in Calvinism that argued humans were marked for either eternal bliss or eternal torment, and couldn't be saved
King Philip's War
In 1675 Massoit's sun, Metacom, referred to as King Philip by the English, assaulted Englsih villages, attacking 52 and destroying 12 colonies
Women
In the Chesapeake Bay colonies, males outnumbered who 6 to 1?
Pocahontas
Native American lady who married John Rolfe and ended the First Anglo-Powhatan War
Connecticut
Often called to as "the Blue Law State", referencing the blue paper on which repressive laws were printed
Indentured Servants
People who mortgaged their labor for transatlantic passage and eventual "freedom dues"
Great English Migration
Period when about seventy thousand refugees fled England during the 1630s
Salem witch trials
Persecution against women who were accused of being witches, leading to a "witch hunt"
Congregational Church
Puritans ran their own church and democracy and led to democracy in political government
William Penn
Quaker who created Pennsylvania as an asylum for Quakers and welcomed "substantial citizens"
Bacon's Rebellion
Rebellion in Virginia, 1676, led by Nathaniel Bacon after Governor Berkeley refused to retaliate against Indian's attacks on frontier settlements
Conversion
Receipt of God's free gift or saving grace sought out by Calvinists
Quakers
Religious group that refused to pay taxes that benefited the Church of England
Middle Passage
Route in which slave trade ships took, and was responsible for 20 percent of slave deaths
Spanish Armada
Spanish fleet that the English defeated and led to the downfall of the Spanish
Slave Codes
Statutes that formally declared that slaves were the property of their masters for life
Connecticut
The Nutmeg State
House of Burgesses
The first form of representative self-government attempted in the US
John Winthrop
The first governor of Massachusetts
Fundamental Orders
The first version of a modern constitution, created by the Connecticut River colony, and went on to be borrowed for Connecticut's charter
Calvinism
Theological idea which argued God was all-powerful and all-good, and humans were inherently wicked and weak
Half-Way Covenant
This arrangement modified the agreement in the covenant so that you had to admit to baptism
Yamasee Indians
Tribe defeated by South Carolinians
Patroonships
Vast feudal estates
William Berkeley
Virginia governor who lamented ruling and spurred a revolt in 1676
Massoit
Wampanoag chieftain that signed a treaty with the Plymouth Pilgrims in 1621 and helped celebrate the first Thanksgiving that year
Pequot War
War in 1637 that took place after rising tensions between English settlers and the powerful Pequot tribe came to a head, and the settlers besieged and killed all of the Native Americans
Second Anglo-Powhatan War
War in which the last effort of the Native Americans was made to run the Virginians out
Tuscarora War
War where North Carolinians retaliated against the Native Americans and crushed them
English Civil War
War which distracted old England and forced the colonists to become self-sufficient
North Carolina
What was considered to be the "squatter colony"
Tobacco
What was the main crop of the Chesapeake colonies?
Chesapeake Bay Colonies
Which colonies would you lose ten years of your life by living in?
Massachusetts
Which colony, in 1636, established Harvard, the oldest corporation in America?
James Oglethorpe
Who founded the Georgia colony?
Head-right system
Whoever paid for the passage of a labourer received the right to acquire 50 acres of land
Anne Hutchinson
Women who challenged the Puritan idea of Predestination, and was banished for heresy in 1638
First Families of Virginia (FFV)
70 percent of the leaders in the Virginia legislature came from ________ before 1690
New Amsterdam
A company town established by the Dutch East India Company with the intent of being an aristocratic city
Roanoke Island
A failed attempt at colonization led by Sir Walter Raleigh
Joint-stock company
A format of investment where investors could pool their capital
Witch-hunting
A metaphor for the often dangerously irrational urge to find a scapegoat for social resentments
Massachusetts
A prosperous colony led by Puritans that was home to Puritans and non-Puritans alike
New England Confederation
A union formed in 1643 by four colonies with the intent of defending against foes such as the Indians, the French, and the Dutch
Separatists
Dedicated Puritans who wanted to completely separate from the Church of England
Charter
Document that guarantees overseas settlers have the same rights they have at home
Peter Stuyvesant
Dubbed "Father Wooden Leg", this Dutch general led a bloodless siege against the main fort of the Swedish, ending their short rule
Puritans
English reformers who wanted complete purification of English Christianity
New Netherland
Established in the Hudson River area in 1623, this profitable fur trade city was founded by the Dutch
John Rolfe
Father of the Tobacco industry and economic savior of Virginia
Rhode Island
Known as "the traditional home of the otherwise minded", this state began as a squatter colony in 1636 and secured a charter in 1644
Act of Toleration
Law which guaranteed toleration to all Christians and no one else
Blue Laws
Laws in Pennsylvania that prohibited ungodly revellers, such as stage plays, playing cards, dice games, and excessive hilarity
Roger Williams
Man who founded the most liberal and religiously tolerant colony of the New World in 1636
Sir Walter Raleigh
Man who led the failed Roanoke Colony