theology 4 hinduism test
Pleasure, especially of sensual love; one of the four goals of life
Kama
The belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life.
Karma
Warriors and administrators
Kshatriya
Material success and social prestige, one of the four goals of life
Artha
in Hindu belief, a person's essential self eternal essence that exists within
Atman
Hinduism's most popular sacred text, in which the god Krishna teaches the great warrior Arjuna about many important religious issues.
Bhagavad-Gita
A Hindu god considered the creator of the world.
Brahma
Hindu Trinity
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
the eternal essence of reality and the source of the universe, beyond the reach of human perception and thought
Brahman
essay: discuss relationship between brahman and atman
Brahman (ultimate reality understood through contemplation of the universe) and Atman (ultimate reality understood through contemplation of the inner self) are one and the same
priest
Brahmin
Hindu Caste System
Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Untouchables
In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties
Dharma
what is monism
All reality is one (interconnected)
brahma
God
Varna
Original name for the caste system; means "color"
karma marga, jnana marga, bhakti marga
Paths to Liberation
Kama
Pleasure, especially of sensual love; one of the four goals of life
discuss the realms
Realm of semi-divine "titans" just below the heavens Realm of ghosts: just above the hells
Hinduism's oldest sacred text
Rig Veda
cycle of reincarnation
Samsara
Wandering ascetic. For forest dwellers who are ready to return to society but remain detached from attractions and distractions of social life Engaged with the world but not attached to it -- described in the Bhagavad-Gita as "one who neither hates nor desires."
Sannyasin
the fourth stage of life is called
Sannyasin
A Hindu god considered the destroyer of the world.
Shiva
servants and laborers
Shudra
Moksha
The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths.
Ethics and duties this as a life goal maintains its meaning as the general principle of ethical duty. No longer a duty begrudgingly performed but rather becomes what is most desired.
dharma
what is hinduisms closest equivalent to the western term of religion
dharma
what 2 divine principles connect the divine to this world and provide the basis for a moral life
dharma and karma
Hindus believe that all reality is
essentially one thing
T or F: much like the western world, Hinduism believes in linear time
false
t or f: a person dies only once before moksha is achieved
false
Marked by the birth of the first grandchild. A man may choose to ask his wife to accompany him through this stage, which allows him to retreat from worldly bond (sometimes literally dwelling in a forest)
forest dweller
what makes up someones dharma
gender, caste/class, age- stages of life
brahmin
highest of the caste system
The worldly task of pursuing a career and raising a family are central to this stage. Women are involved in this stage along with their husbands
house holder
Atman
in Hindu belief, a person's essential self eternal essence that exists within
hinduism is Practiced predominantly but not exclusively in
india
Path of Knowledge Emphasizes knowing the true nature of reality through learning and meditation
jhana marga
"the path of knowledge" - one of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing knowing the true nature of reality through learning and meditation.
jnana marga
Sensual pleasure; passion and desires Hinduism embraces pleasure seeking as it teaches the ultimate goal of liberation. Sensual love is to be embraced by whomever desires it, provide the seekers remain within limits of dharma.
kama
what are the four goals of life
kama, artha, dharma, moksha
"the path of works" - One of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing performing right actions according to dharma.
karma marga
the path of works Simple to understand and practice. Everything to do with living in accordance with dharma.
karma marga
Paths to Liberation
karma marga, jnana marga, bhakti marga
Three paths to liberation
karma marga, jnana marga, bhakti marga
Liberation from the cycle of samsara
moksha
a release from this limited realm of existence
moksha
liberation is also known as
moksha
hinduism charts time and creation in
ongoing cycles
Collection of 1.017 Sanskirt hymns composed about 1500 BC or earlier. Hinduism's oldest sacred text
rig veda
a nearly 4 thousand year old sacred text
rig veda
what is the ultimate goal of hindus
salvation through liberation aka moksha
Doctrine of Reincarnation
samsara
wheel of rebirth
samsara
which of the gods is known for destruction
shiva
brahman
source of all things
Characterized by intensive study of the Vedas and other sacred literature. This lasts until marriage
student
what are the four stages of life
student, householder, forest dweller, sannyasin
Monism
the doctrine that reality is ultimately made up of only one essence
Brahman
the eternal essence of reality and the source of the universe, beyond the reach of human perception and thought
brahman is found through
the most profound contemplation
cosmology
the understanding of the nature of the universe
the gods and goddesses are just
the various masks of god
Hinduism is the world's ___ largest religion and ___ religion
third and oldest
T or F: vedas are large bodies of sacred text or scripture
true
t or f: there are 330 mil gods and goddesses
true
outcast, street sweepers, latrine cleaners
untouchables
large body of religious text, scripture
vedas
when do hindus stop being reincarnated
when they acheive moksha and are united with the divine
who said "Even as a tree has a single trunk, but many branches and leaves, so is there one true and perfect Religion, but it becomes many as it pass through the human medium."
Mahatma Gandhi
Artha
Material success and social prestige, one of the four goals of life
Sanskirt word for "release"
Moksha
The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths.
Moksha
the doctrine that reality is ultimately made up of only one essence
Monism
what are the two quotes?
"God is one but men call him by many names." "Even as a tree has a single trunk, but many branches and leaves, so is there one true and perfect Religion, but it becomes many as it pass through the human medium."
bhakti marga
"the path of devotion"; the most popular of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing loving devotion to one's chosen god or goddess
jnana marga
"the path of knowledge" - one of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing knowing the true nature of reality through learning and meditation.
karma marga
"the path of works" - One of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing performing right actions according to dharma.
essay: compare Hinduism to one or more of the religions we studied
-In its ultimate effect of nourishing unconditional concern for the world, dharma has much in common with the Christian ethical principle of unconditional love -christians have the holy trinity of the father son and holy spirit and Hinduism has the Hindu divine trinity of Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva -both have one main god at the root of all things: God or Brahma -Hinduism is not exclusive and accepts all religions as valid, Christianity thinks it is the only true religion -both have sacred texts: Vedas and the bible -hindus reincarnate while Christians go to heaven/hell/purgatory
Brahma
A Hindu god considered the creator of the world.
Shiva
A Hindu god considered the destroyer of the world.
Vishnu
A Hindu god considered the preserver and protector of the world
Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Shudras, Untouchables
Hindu Caste System
Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva
Hindu Trinity
Rig Veda
Hinduism's oldest sacred text
Dharma
In Hindu belief, a person's religious and moral duties
Karma
The belief that actions in this life, whether good or bad, will decide your place in the next life.
Samsara
cycle of reincarnation
essay: explain how dhama and karma are interrelated
Two principles, karma and dharma, connect the divine with this world and provide a basis for a moral life. Dharma is the complete rule of life, for every activity, there is a way of acting that conforms to dharma karma determines the nature of each reincarnation § literally means "action" or "deed" and is best understood as the moral law of cause and effect. karma is based in dharma so If you follow the dharma your karma will be good so that you can reincarnate as a higher caste or stay the same. if you do not follow the dharma your karma will not be good and can negatively affect your reincarnation.
A collection of over 200 texts composed between 900 and 200 BC that provide commentary on the Vedas
Upanishads
farmers, merchants, and artisans
Vaishya
Original name for the caste system; means "color"
Varna
A Hindu god considered the preserver and protector of the world
Vishnu
Material success; work and prosperity. Eventually the fulfillment found in love will no longer satisfy completely, so this is a complimentary yearning for material success, social power and prestige.
artha
Ultimate reality can be understood through inward contemplation of the self
atman
an incarnation, or living embodiment, of a deity, usually of Vishnu, who is sent to earth to accomplish a divine purpose; Krishna and Rama are the most popular avatars
avatars
"the path of devotion"; the most popular of the three Hindu paths to salvation, emphasizing loving devotion to one's chosen god or goddess
bhakti marga
the path of devotion Most popular of the paths to salvation, emphasizes living devotion to one's chosen god or goddess
bhakti marga
MC: brahman is... eternal essence of reality, highest of the classes, sources of the universe, or both eternal reality and source of the universe
both
essay: discuss the role of the caste system and how it highlights the difference between Christianity and Hinduism
christians are created equal so all people are supposed to be equal while hindus have the caste system so not everyone is equal?? also that they use this to determine reincarnation and christians dont do that
the understanding of the nature of the universe
cosmology