TLI final chapter
Of the following, which power tactic tends to be among the most effective?
Consultation
Rich Karlgaard of Forbes explains that teams are popular because_______________.
a team of people happily committed will outperform a smart individual
Justin is hostile to his employees. His employees have complained that he curses at them routinely and has even thrown books at them. Justin's leadership style may be classified as _______.
abusive supervision
Self-serving behavior within an organization can be lessened by improving ___________.
accountability
One general drawback of group decision-making is __________________.
ambiguous responsibility
Paul and Roberta were meeting with their team for what seemed like the 20th time in an attempt to come together on how the project should be done. Although some team members wanted to take a long-term approach to the solution, others thought a short-term approach would be best so the team could move on. Several fights had already broken out among the team and several members were barely speaking to each other outside of the team meetings. This would be considered which type of conflict?
Dysfunctional
Suppose an organization needs to create 30 teams of 4 people each and has 60 highly conscientious people and 60 who score low on conscientiousness. Which of the following suggestions for team selection would be best in this situation?
Forming 15 teams of highly conscientious people and 15 teams of members low on conscientiousness.
The national director has been sent to Argentina to set up new offices. What can he do to overcome the potential problems in cross-cultural communication with the new work teams?
Foster a climate of mutual respect and fairness.
The members of the IT department have spent two days debating the best approach to roll out the new software update. After allowing each member of the department to voice his or her case, a decision was made that all the members could support. What type of conflict has the IT department experienced?
Functional
A significant experiment conducted on how individual behavior is influenced by group norms is known as the ______________________.
Hawthorne studies
Which of the following serves as a major function of communication?
Management
Which of the following might be an advantage of a virtual structure?
It saves money by eliminating permanent offices and hierarchical roles for outsourced functions.
HIT Corp. has developed a mentorship program for its managers and is encouraging them to engage in specific behaviors, including coaching others to help them develop skills, acting as sounding boards for ideas, and counseling others to bolster their self-confidence. What other activities are generally included in a mentorship program?
Identify a less experienced, lower-level employee who appears to have potential for future development.
Susan is a manager with high self-monitoring, an internal locus of control, and a high need for power. Which of the following impression management techniques will she likely use to vie for a director position in her company?
Susan will probably use self-promotion to vie for a promotion.
Which of the following concepts from distributive bargaining defines what an individual would like to achieve in a negotiation?
Target point
What structure breaks down external barriers between the customer and the organization and removes horizontal and vertical boundaries?
Team
Which of the following groups is most likely to pass through the sequencing of activities known as the punctuated equilibrium model?
Temporary groups with a finite deadline
In evaluating the effectiveness of team diversity on team performance and turnover, member turnover in a team is likely to be higher when _________________.
conflict is high
According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a person's job relationships are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employees' ideas, and regard for their feelings is known as _________________.
consideration
Eva is perceived by her team members as having extraordinary leadership abilities. Her strong vision enables her team members to buy in. She has continually taken personal risks to protect her team. On several occasions, she has lobbied for innovative approaches with management and is often described as an individual who "goes against the flow." Eva is a(n) _______ leader.
charismatic
Jamal has been tasked with putting together a new team for a new Starbucks project line. As Jamal thinks through the components that will make this team effective, he considers both how many members need to be on the team and the various abilities that the team members need in order to complete the project. Jamal is concerned with team _______________.
composition
Power based on position would be considered _______________ power.
formal
Dependence of one person who controls a resource over another who wants that resource is greater when the resource is non-substitutable, scarce, and ______________.
important
Expert power is based on ________.
influence wielded as a result of expertise, special skill, or knowledge
The use of flattery or behaving in a friendly manner in order to improve the likelihood that someone will agree to a request is called __________________.
ingratiation
The Ohio State studies of leadership identified two critical dimensions in the behavioral approaches to leadership: ____________________ and _________.
initiating structure; consideration
Most research on relationship and process conflict is focused on _____________ conflict.
intragroup
The element of organizational structure which groups activities by the functions performed is called _______________________.
departmentalization
Conflict that approaches the top range of the conflict continuum is almost always _____________.
dysfunctional
A trip to the Department of Motor Vehicles in most states requires applicants for a driver's license to move through a number of different clerks. One may handle validation, one may process the license, and another may collect payment. The DMW is using ______________.
process departmentalization
The power tactic that uses arguments supported with facts is called _____________.
rational persuasion
Organizations tend to increase the amount of political behavior that occurs within the organization when they __________________.
reduce resources
Jeff aspires to be a member of the golf team at work. He has begun to dress like the members, wearing khakis and polo shirts each Friday to work and has joined the same country club. He goes out of his way to speak to the golf team members in the hallway and has purchased the same brand of golf clubs all the team members own. The golf team would be considered Jeff's __________.
reference group
Steve Stoute's company, Translation, matches pop-star spokespersons with corporations that want to promote their brands. Stoute matched Jay-Z with Reebok to use the star's credibility to reach youth culture. This is an example of using _______ power.
referent
A year ago, the IT team earned corporate-wide recognition for its performance. More recently, it has begun to experience some declines in its performance. They have missed the last three project deadlines and have experienced budget overruns. The team leader has encouraged the team members to reflect on and adjust their purpose. To turn around the team's performance, the team lead is encouraging the team to show __________.
reflexivity
According to the punctuated-equilibrium model, groups experience a transition halfway between the first meeting and the official deadline ____________.
regardless of the length of the project time frame
Generally speaking, in order to have power in a given situation one must have _____________.
resource control
Joshua controls all the pay rates, raises, and bonuses in your department. He is also able to assign you to an interesting work project and give you the most lucrative sales territory. Joshua has ________ power.
reward
Conveyit Conveyor Company had just received its patent and was ready to begin production. The owner needed to determine what the best structure for the organization might be. The best choice at this point would be a(n) _______________.
simple structure
Jason has been a top performer for the last five years. He has always worked on individual projects. Recently, Jason was included on a 7-person team and his manager noticed that Jason's work efforts have diminished significantly. Jason is likely experiencing __________.
social loafing
Pam, the manager in the education division, was concerned about how work was being processed in the office. She finally called a meeting to outline what was going to be acceptable and not acceptable in terms of work process. Although several people on the team were convinced that this was not the correct way to do the work, they did it this way anyway because Pam had ______________ power.
legitimate
Debbie uses management by exception, watching her subordinates for deviations from the standards then taking corrective action. Debbie can be categorized as a(n) _______ leader.
transactional
The chain of command is an unbroken line of authority that extends from the top of the organization to the lowest echelon and clarifies who reports to whom. The principle of ________ helps preserve the concept of an unbroken line of authority.
unity of command
Haley's team is geographically dispersed across four continents. They have been holding their team meetings online using a wide-area network and videoconferencing. Haley's team is a(n) __________.
virtual team
The element of organizational structure that addresses the division of labor within an organization is _______________________.
work specialization
Five employees in a project meeting whose individual efforts result in performance that is greater than the sum of the individual inputs is a(n) ________, although five employees interacting primarily to share information and help each individual perform within his or her own area of responsibility is a ________.
work team; work group
Diverse input is best found in groups of more than ________________ members.
12
Which of the following are NOT important characteristics and factors that lead to authentic leadership and increased trust, as well as ethical and effective leadership?
A manager reviewing and sharing employee performance reviews with senior subordinates
In terms of the team effectiveness model, the context component of effective teams includes which of the following?
Adequate resources
The manager of the marketing team has thoughtfully selected team members with their strengths in mind to play roles based on their skills. Robert examines details and carefully enforces organizational rules and policies. Jen encourages her team members to search for more information while Andy can be relied on to offer insightful analysis of options that are presented. What key role of the team does Jen play?
Advisor
What type of leadership focuses on the moral aspects of leadership?
Authentic leadership
Which of the following is NOT a step in the negotiation process?
Bargaining and negotiation
Which of the following is NOT a major function of communication within a group or organization?
Resolution
________________________ refers to engaging with others outside of an assigned department or group.
Boundary spanning
An organization with many routine tasks, very specialized, formal rules, and a narrow span of control would be considered what type of structure?
Bureaucracy
Deborah's small department requires that communications be passed from one hierarchical level to the next. Deborah is discouraged from going around her immediate manager to share information with those higher in the organization. Which small group network is Deborah's department using?
Chain
You are a manager who has run into some conflict between two of your departments. Both departments are overworked and complaining that the other department has it easier. You need these departments to work together to come up with a solution and remain on good terms. Which conflict management strategy would be most effective?
Collaboration
You are acting to help resolve a conflict by creating a settlement. Both parties trust you, and you are acting as a communication link between the opponent and the negotiator. What third-party negotiation role does this best describe?
Conciliator
Strategy frameworks generally focus on what dimensions?
Cost minimization, innovation, and imitation
Dan is a manager at an IT company that is structured based on a mechanistic model. What organizational characteristics will NOT be present at Dan's company?
Decentralization
Your coworker Tom has been gossiping and spreading rumors about other team members. In recent meetings, he has also been publicly blaming others for his own mistakes. Just yesterday, you saw him taking personal items from another employee's cubicle. How would you characterize Tom's behavior?
Deviant workplace behavior
Which of the following is recognized as a serious disadvantage of oral/verbal communication?
Distortion increases as the message passes through more people.
Melvin's manager is very good at asking Melvin to repeat back messages to be sure he understands what was said. Which component of the communication process does Melvin's manager stress?
Feedback
According to Fiedler's contingency model, effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives the leader control. Which of the following statements using Fiedler's model is CORRECT/TRUE?
Fiedler assumes an individual's leadership style is stable.
Team Red has a few members who are high individual performers, but not very good team players. What can be done to help them be more cooperative and collaborative?
Focus training on team building skills and provide incentives for team efforts.
A manager wants to increase the cohesiveness and productivity of project teams within his organization. What should he do for the groups?
Increase the amount of time group members spend together.
A manager needs to get a small project completed quickly. The work includes simple tasks that do not require diverse input. What is the best way to get the work done?
Individuals
________ are natural formations in the work environment that appear in response to the need for social contact. Three employees from different departments who regularly have lunch or coffee together are an example of this type of unit.
Informal groups
Bob is working on a new report for the next quarterly meeting that he knows the CEO needs to determine next quarter's direction. He is frustrated that Anna has yet to get back with him on the newest profit figures, yet always seems to have time to stop in the hallways and talk with friends. Bob's issue relates to which of the communication functions?
Information exchange
Apple uses competitive pay and benefits to attract top candidates and motivate employees to take risks. The company has emphasized the introduction of major new products and services. Which strategy is Apple following?
Innovation
Which of the following statements is FALSE?
Interpersonal skills of team members are not crucial.
Which of the following statements describes the matrix structure?
It creates dual lines of authority and combines functional and product departmentalization.
You have been retained by parties to a large labor-management negotiation. Both parties are eager to work together and settle the matter, but they also want to retain their decision-making power. Which of the following would be the most effective role for you to assume?
Mediator
Which of the following is NOT a stage in the conflict process?
Potential compatibility
Which of the following power tactics would involve the use of warnings, repeated demands, and threats to influence behavior?
Pressure
What is structure meant to achieve?
Objectives
Playing down differences while emphasizing common interests between the conflicting parties is known as which of the following conflict-resolution techniques?
Smoothing
________ proposes that people have emotional reactions to the failure or success of their group because their self-esteem gets tied into the group's performance.
Social identity theory
______________________ states that leaders convey values that are other-centered versus self-centered and who role-model ethical conduct.
Socialized charismatic leadership
Melvin supervises 10 employees in marketing. Sarah supervises 11 employees in finance and Jake supervises 9 employees in HR. As these managers compare the number of direct reports they each supervise, which element of organizational structure are they discussing?
Span of control
Conflict issues are generally defined in which stage of the conflict process?
Stage II
The big plus of arbitration over mediation is that ________.
The big plus of arbitration over mediation is that ________.
Which of the following is the definition of a group?
Two or more individuals interacting and interdependent
Mentoring relationships serve both career and psychological functions for protégés. But, why would a leader want to be a mentor?
The leader may feel they have something to share with the younger generation and want to provide a legacy.
Felicia was just added to a new task force at work which looks at ways in which to further engage employees. What might be a sign that Felicia has been added to a team rather than a group?
The task force creates a positive synergy by identifying issues and then collectively determining possible solutions.
A network or modular structure is also known as what type of structure?
Virtual
Which of the following is an example of distributive bargaining?
You see a house you love. You put in an offer, the owner counter-offers, and the two of you finally settle on a price.
In the preparation and planning step of the negotiation process you should ______________.
assess what you think the other party's goals are
Teams prefer male leaders when aggressively competing against other teams. Teams prefer female leaders when there is competition within teams and there is a call to improve positive relationships within the group. This phenomenon is an example of the results of ___________.
attribution theory
The ______________________of leadership suggests that it is more important to appear to be a leader than to actually be one.
attribution theory
Joseph starts each morning at work briefly scanning e-mails that came in late the previous day and overnight in order to get a handle on his schedule for the day. This would be considered _____________________.
automatic processing
BATNA in the negotiation process refers to the _________________________.
best alternative to a negotiated agreement
Amanda is negotiating a new applicant tracking service for her department with a software vendor. She intends to make the first offer and has researched to be sure it is an aggressive, but reasonable one. She has a clear target point in mind for herself and believes she understands the lowest amount the vendor is likely to accept. Amanda is engaged in ____________.
distributive bargaining
Ahmed was tasked with building a new team at the bank which would examine declining customer and employee satisfaction. Ahmed felt that there were a lot of issues that had to do with some new policies from corporate and some recent management changes and doubted that any of the ideas that this team would come up with would actually be implemented. His doubt in what the team could accomplish speaks to the team's ___________________.
efficacy
The XYZ Company has determined that they must update their approach to hiring and communicating with their employees. They are exploring the development of an in-house social networking application. This is known as __________.
enterprise social software
According to the text, the best downward communicators ________________________.
explain the reasons behind their communications and solicit feedback
The daily conflict in the department has caused Mason to experience high levels of anxiety. He leaves work each day tense and frustrated. Mason is experiencing ________.
felt conflict
When a sender purposely manipulates information so the receiver will see it in a more favorable light, ________ is occurring.
filtering
Alberto is concerned with the low performance level of his team. Recently he has observed a tendency for team members to enthusiastically support the idea and withhold their dissenting opinions. Once an idea is presented, everyone simply goes along with it and foregoes a robust discussion of the pros and cons. It is likely that Alberto's team is experiencing ________.
groupthink
The Board of Directors is meeting to confirm the strategic projects for the new year. They are engaging in ________.
lateral communication
Sam carefully documents every promise or conversation with his supervisor and seldom takes management's word for anything. Sam is likely ________________.
low in trust propensity
Joshua is on the culture team at work, while Debbie and Amalie are on the social team. Each year they have decided to come together to try and plan a few events to increase overall employee engagement. This is considered a(n) ________________team.
multiteam system
Attributes that make it impossible for a leader to make any difference in follower outcomes are referred to as __________.
neutralizers
The communication process includes __________.
noise
Trait theories of leadership assert that ________.
personal qualities and characteristics differentiate leaders from non-leaders
Generally, people from individualist countries see power in _______________ terms.
personalized
Activities that are NOT required as part of a person's formal role in the organization but that influence, or attempt to influence, the distribution of advantages and disadvantages within the organization are known as ________.
political behavior
Rajin has recently been appointed the leader of a task group at work, which has historically met every Thursday evening from 5p.m. to 6p.m. Most of the members of the group have organized their schedules around this time. Rajin, however, has also taken on the role of Little League coach for his son's baseball team on the same night at the same time and has promised the team the time would not change. This is an example of ________________.
role conflict
Our view of how we are supposed to act in a given situation is known as ________________.
role perception
When words mean different things to different people this is considered a barrier caused by _____________.
semantics
The key concept that underlies all bureaucracies is ________.
standardization
A socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others is known as ________.
status
Cohesiveness in a group can be encouraged by ______________________.
stimulating intergroup competition
One of the most important reasons to use written communication is because ________.
the information conveyed is tangible and verifiable
When he went to pick up his mail, Jeremy overheard a manager tell another that the company was going to freeze wages. Jeremy quickly told a few of his colleagues who then passed the information on to others in the organization. By noon, most of the employees in the company knew of the planned wage freeze. This is an example of _______.
the grapevine
Approximately what percentage of time does the average manager and professional spend reading and answering e-mail each day?
28%
Which of the following channels of communication provides the highest channel richness?
Face-to-face communication
Laissez-faire, management by exception, and idealized influence leader behaviors are part of which leadership model?
Full-range leadership model
Which of the following is NOT TRUE about high-status people?
High-status people participate less actively in group discussions.
Leaders develop ingroup and outgroup relationships with their followers according to which theory of leadership?
Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory
Jane has worked for 5 years in a professional organization that focuses on high specialization, and her productivity is expected to be high. Should her manager continue to keep Jane in her work role for an additional 5 years?
No, Jane is likely to become bored, fatigued, and stressed if she continues to stay in her position.
Joe works with 10 other employees who are responsible for scheduling their own work and assigning specific tasks to individual members, thus eliminating the need for supervision. What type of work group/team is this?
Self-managed work team
Teams commonly used by companies like Toyota, Ford, and Cisco, which can coordinate complex projects with individuals from similar hierarchical levels but different work areas, are known as ____________ teams.
cross-functional
Daniel is part of a quality control team at work that meets regularly for two hours each Friday afternoon and looks to improve standards and the efficiency of the department. Daniel's team would be considered a(n) ______________.
problem-solving team
Research on leadership emphasizes _______________, while research on power focuses on ______________.
style; tactics
Employees will increase political behavior when organizations practice a(n) ______________ approach.
zero-sum