Tobacco and Alcohol

_____ is a chronic disease caused by blockages of the airflow to and from the lungs

asthma

steps to reduce your risk of being exposed to secondhand smoke

avoid time in places where smoking is permitted do not accept car rides from smokers ask that people smoke only outdoors increase air circulation in buildings

self-management techniques include

becoming aware and understanding why you drink avoid situations with alcohol, responding new ways, learn new strategies in dealing with stress, develop strategies for refusing alcohol

what are the three types of drinks

beer - 12 oz - 5% wine - 5 oz - 11 - 18% liquor - 1.5 oz - 40%

memory loss

blacking out

when vasopressin is not present liquids go straight to the ___ and expelled through the

bladder urinary tract

tobacco use increases a person's risk for developing a number of major health problems, including _____ of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, lung, and bladder

cancers

cigarette smoke contains high levels of _____, a poisonous gas

carbon monoxide

many health problems result from damage to _____ and_____ systems caused by harmful substances in tobacco products

cardiovascular and respiratory

______ controls movement and balance

cerebellum

in the ____ which controls thought processing and consciousness, alcohol reduces the brain's ability to process information that is seen or heard

cerebral cortex

____ is a plant used for the production of tobacco-related products, such as cigarettes and chewing tobacco

tobacco

____ develops when the body needs greater amounts of a substance to experience the effects it felt when a lesser amount was used

tolerance

______ is a disease that causes the airways in the lungs to become permanently enlarged

emphysema

active ingredient in alcohol

ethanol

stages of substance abuse

experimentation regular tolerance addiction/dependence

true or false because of health risks the use of e-cigs is approved by the food and drug administration, the American cancer society, and the American heart association

false

true or false not all cigarette packs and advertisements have warning labels

false

environmental factors include

family, friends, media

nicotine can change the walls of the blood vessels, which make it easier for _____ substances such as _____ to build up in the arteries which restricts the ease of blood transportation overtime this buildup increases the risk of a ____ or ____

fatty cholesterol heart attack or stroke

people who start drinking before 15 are ___ times more likely to develop alcohol dependence

five

smokers are seen as

gross

other strategies for quitting smoking

group support talk to someone call a telephone research online

nicotine replacements include

gum, nicotine patch, E-cigs,

more than ___ the people who have had a heart attack or surgery from lung cancer continue to smoke

half

as the speed and pressure of blood flow increases, the _____ works harder to pump blood faster around the body

heart

the cardiovascular system includes the

heart and blood transportation system in your body

smokers have a higher risk of developing ____ and ______

heart disease and hypertension

in the ____ and _____, which control the release of hormone, alcohol use may increase sexual arousal but decrease the ability to perform sexually

hypothalamus and pituitary gland

smoking leads to a weakened

immune system

what is a good way to decrease the amount of smokers

increase taxes

two types of dependence

physical and psychological

_____ occurs when the body relies on having a certain amount of a substance present in the body to function "normally"

physical dependence

teenage who drink alcohol are at risk for health problems including

physical problems, school problems, family and social problems, and legal problems

alcoholics are _____ addicted

physically

when a pregnant lady inhales smoke it passes through the _____ and the immediate impact is an increased ___ rate and reduction in the amount of ____ the fetus receives

placenta to the fetus heart oxygen

a woman will have a higher BAC than a man even if they weigh the same true or false

true

most college students believe that there is too much alcohol on campus true or false

true

the influence of peers who some is stronger than the influence of family members who smoke true or false

true

true or false the majority of teens who smoke become adults who regularly smoke

true

true or false both high school and college students show that most teenagers do not drink and wish there was less drinking in their environment

true

true or false most teenagers do not view smokers as popular or cool and surveys have found that teenagers see smokers as unhealthy, foolish, poor performers in class

true

true or false people who binge drink so permanent changes in the brain, such as problems with memory and learning

true

true or false people who smoke also increase their risk of developing heart disease, stroke, emphysema, bronchitis, and respiratory infections

true

true or false those who smoke have a higher risk factor for developing diabetes, colorectal and liver cancers, vision loss, tuberculosis, and arthritis and they have a higher risk for minor health problems as well

true

lung cancer occur when abnormal cells in one or both lungs grow rapidly and form a mass of cells, which is called a

tumor

smokers are also ____ as likely to die from a ____ as nonsmokers

twice heart attack

when alcohol reaches the brain it causes the pituitary gland to stop producing the hormone called ____ , which helps the body

vasopressin reabsorb liquids

as of 2010, the US banned the sale of cigarettes in ____ except in establishments where people younger than 18 are not allowed

vending machines

_____ causes people to believe that they need the substance to feel "normal"

psychological dependence

problem drinkers are ______ dependent and not ______ addicted

psychologically physically

first step to alcohol recovery is for the person to

recognize he or she has a problem

what skills can help you prepare for and respond to situations that may involve tobacco use

refusal, literacy, and critical thinking

what metabolizes alcohol

the liver

why do women have a higher BAC

they have more fat and lower amount of muscle and they need the muscle issues to absorb alcohol lower levels of a particular enzyme in the stomach

BAC is influenced by

weight, gender, how much alcohol consumed, how much food consumed, ethnicity

binge drinking for men and women

women - 4-5 men - 5-6

people who smoke for at least 10 years show more _____ because

wrinkled the smaller blood vessels don't allow oxygen to reach the skin

can tobacco interfere with eating by changing the shape of taste buds

yes

does alcohol slow down the central nervous system

yes

does regularly inhaling air pollution also contribute to bronchitis as well

yes

does tar disrupt the ability of the cilia to effectively clear the lungs

yes

is alcoholism recognized as a disease

yes

is it true that all forms of tobacco use are associated with addiction and serious health consequences?

yes

many states follow a _____ for people younger than 21 years of age coughing with any level of alcohol in their system

zero tolerance policy

extreme levels of alcohol consumption - meaning a BAC of ___ or higher - can lead to permanent ____ and ____

.04 brain damage and death

for people 21 years and older the legal maximum is

.08

people who have a BAC of ____ or above are considered legally impaired

.08

the liver can process between ___ and ___ ounces of alcohol every hour

.25 and .50

mothers who smoke during pregnancy give their children a higher risk for

SIDS

respiratory system's primary function is to enable ____ explain

breathing the nose takes in air and the nose, bronchial tubes, and runs are all lined with tissue containing fine, hair-like projections called cilia, which traps and moves foreign particles away. air then travels into tubes and into the lungs

well-known alcohol support group

AA

some medications simulate ____, a chemical in the brain that leads people to experience the same type of effects caused by nicotine use

dopamine

a substance is a

drug

to prevent alcohol abuse become ____ and develop ___ skills

educated refusal

viewing pictures of peers drinking is an indirect form of

peer pressure

as smoke passes through the bronchial tubes, ___ builds up in the lungs

tar

the burning of tobacco produces a residue known as ___

tar

when experts talk about drinks they are talking about any drink that contains

0.6 ounces of pure alcohol

in the US over ____ drivers are arrested for driving under the influence

1.4 million

over ____ people die each year in alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes

10,000

underage drinkers account for ___ of all alcohol consumed in the US

11%

regular drinkers have had at least ___ drinks in the past year

12

on average long-term smokers die ___ to __ years earlier than nonsmokers

13 to 15

how old do you have to be to buy cigarettes `

18

drinking age

21

smoking costs society an estimated ___ a year in healthcare costs

289 billion

about ____ of victims of some type of violent attack report that the person who assaulted them is under the influence

35%

Every day in the United States nearly ____people younger than ___ smoke their first cigarette

4,000 18

about ____ of the people who have had a laryngectomy continue to smoke

40%

how many Americans die every year due to tobacco

480,000

up to ____ of people who are Asian have difficulty metabolizing alcohol

50%

tobacco smoke contains over ____ carcinogens, or cancer-causing agents

70

a medication that can be used to stop drinking

Antabuse (goal is to associate alcohol with feeling sick)

______ refers to a group of diseases that make it more difficult to breathe

COPD

when nicotine enters your bloodstream its presence triggers the reals of the hormone ____, a _____ this triggers an increase in

adrenaline stimulant heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure

emphysema destroys the sacs of ___ that make up lung tissue (alveoli) which is where oxygen and carbon dioxide are traded the destruction of the ____, makes it more difficult to breathe and then people have to bring faster to get more oxygen which burdens the ______

air alveoli heart

leading consequence of binge drinking is

alcohol poisoning

what is the third leading lifestyle related cause of death in the US and the third leading cause of disease and injury worldwide

alcohol use

problem drinking can lead to

alcoholism

______ is an ongoing condition in which the bronchial tubes become swollen and irritated

chronic bronchitis

most smokers who develop COPD have a combination of _____ and _____

chronic bronchitis and emphysema

other methods of tobacco include

cigars, pipes, hookahs, smokeless tobacco, and electronic cigarettes

banned the sale of all candy and fruit flavored

cigs

___ is one of the 15v leading causes fo death in the US

cirrhosis

nicotine can cause the blood vessels to ______ and the heart must work harder to pump blood through increasingly ____ vessels

constrict narrow

____ occurs when the body relies on the presence of an addictive substance in the system to function "normally" or feel "normal"

dependence

alcohol is a

depressant

one of the first steps in recovery for all alcoholics is

detoxification

ways the government prevents alcoholism

increasing taxes, not selling it in grocery or convenience stores, limits on alcohol advertisements

when a person with asthma inhales smoke the lining of the airways becomes ____ which an cause an

irritated asthma attack

drinking effects a person's ____

judgment

smoking leads to reduced

lung capacity

smokeless tobacco users are less likely to get _____ but more likely to develop ____, a condition characterized by thickened, white, leathery, spots on the inside of the mouth this can develop into ____

lung problems leukoplakia oral cancer

the ___ controls automatic functions in the body, such as breathing and consciousness

medulla

who are considered to be regular drinkers more

men and college graduates

bring drinking is more common in ___ and ___

men and younger adults

people who feel less influenced by alcohol may drink even ____

more

smoking causes the ____ membrane in the lungs' bronchial passages to become _____, which ___ the pathway to the lungs this makes it increasingly difficult for the lungs to take in enough ____ ,which is why people with bronchitis often experience ___ spells and have difficulty catching their ____

mucous inflamed, narrows oxygen coughing and breath

when alcohol reaches the brain it changes the level of chemicals called

neurotransmitters

____ is an addictive toxic substance that gives tobacco products their addictive quality

nicotine

since smokeless tobacco is often placed directly in the mouth, users of these products actually absorb even more ____

nicotine

tobacco leaves contain the chemical ____

nicotine

harmful substances in tobacco include

nicotine, carbon monoxide, tar, and carcinogens

can tobacco be advertised as a positive thing

no

immune system consists of

organs, tissues, and cells that defend itself from disease-causing agents

when inhaled, carbon monoxide interferes with the ability of blood cells to carry ____, thus reducing the amount of ___ in the blood and the amount of ____ that reaches the heart

oxygen

refers to tobacco smoke you are exposed to in the environment

secondhand smoke

people who quit smoking experience withdrawal systems for ____

several weeks and even months or even years

what is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States

smoking

another name for quitting smoking

smoking cessation

the most common method of using tobacco is

smoking cigarettes

forms of smokeless tobacco include

snuff, snus, and dissolvable tobacco, chewing tobacco

self-management strategies involve two techniques

stimulus control response substitution

when someone consumes alcohol it passes from the _____ to the ____

stomach to the small intestine

____ is the use of a drug or intentional misuse of prescription medication that causes harmful effects

substance abuse