TOEFL First Mock Test
opaque
(adj.) not letting light through; not clear or lucid; dense, stupid
authoritative
(adj.) official, coming from a source that calls for obedience or belief; dictatorial
lofty
(adj.) very high; noble
along
(adverb) forward, ahead.
critique
(critical) review
preponderance
(n.) - a great amount or frequency
harmony
(n.) - agreement, often of sound
strand
(n.) a beach or shore; a string of wire, hair, etc.; (v.) to drive or run aground; to leave in a hopeless position
annotation
(n.) a critical or explanatory note or comment, especially for a literary work
reactor
(n.) a device used to control the release of nuclear energy as a power source
realm
(n.) a kingdom; a region or field of study
dearth
(n.) a lack, scarcity, inadequate supply; a famine
residue
(n.) a remainder, that which remains when a part has been used up or removed
concord
(n.) a state of agreement, harmony, unanimity; a treaty, pact, covenant
crusade
(n.) a strong movement to advance a cause or idea; (v.) to campaign, work vigorously
pact
(n.) an agreement, treaty
mandate
(n.) an authoritative command, formal order, authorization; (v.) to issue such an order
paucity
(n.) an inadequate quantity, scarcity, dearth
prelude
(n.) an introduction; that which comes before or leads off
tenet
(n.) an opinion, belief, or principle held to be true
autonomy
(n.) self-government, political control
tribute
(n.) something done or given to show thanks or respect; a payment
maximum
(n.) the greatest possible amount or degree; (adj.) reaching the greatest possible amount or degree
approximation
(n.) the quality of coming near to identity
spearhead
(v) be the leader of
erect
(v.) - to construct, to raise
abort
(v.) - to give up unfinished
knit
(v.) draw together; unite firmly
concede
(v.) to admit as true; to yield, submit
encroach
(v.) to advance beyond the usual or proper limits, trespass
allot
(v.) to assign or distribute in shares or portions
refurbish
(v.) to brighten, freshen, or polish; to restore or improve
generate
(v.) to bring into existence; to be the cause of
nurture
(v.) to bring up, care for, train, nourish; (n.) rearing, training, upbringing
foster
(v.) to bring up, give care to; to promote, encourage; (adj.) in the same family but not related by birth
allay
(v.) to calm or pacify, set to rest; to lessen or relieve
induce
(v.) to cause, bring about; to persuade
absolve
(v.) to clear from blame, responsibility, or guilt
tally
(v.) to count up; to keep score; to make entries for reckoning; to correspond or agree; (n.) a total or score
quash
(v.) to crush, put down completely
devastate
(v.) to destroy, lay waste, leave in ruins
dissent
(v.) to disagree; (n.) disagreement
probe
(v.) to examine, investigate thoroughly; (n.) an investigation; a device used to explore or examine
replenish
(v.) to fill again, make good, replace
retrieve
(v.) to find and bring back, get back; to put right, make good
empower
(v.) to give power or authority to; to enable; to permit
mesmerize
(v.) to hypnotize, entrance; to fascinate, enthrall, bewitch
designate
(v.) to indicate, point out; to appoint (adj.) selected but not install
deteriorate
(v.) to lower in quality or value; to wear away
impart
(v.) to make known, tell; to give, pass something on
recoup
(v.) to make up for, regain
relegate
(v.) to place in a lower position; to assign, refer, turn over; to banish
gratify
(v.) to please, satisfy; to indulge or humor
immerse
(v.) to plunge or dip into a fluid; to involve deeply
foment
(v.) to promote trouble or rebellion; to apply warm liquids to, warm
reconcile
(v.) to restore to friendship; to settle; to resign (oneself)
transmit
(v.) to send on, pass along, send out
accelerate
(v.) to speed up, cause to move faster; to bring about more quickly
recoil
(v.) to spring back, shrink; (n.) the act of springing back
sustain
(v.) to support, nourish, keep up; to suffer, undergo; to bear up under, withstand; to affirm the validity of
espouse
(v.) to take up and support; to become attached to, adopt; to marry
devise
(v.) to think out, plan, figure out, invent, create
convey
(v.) to transport; to transmit; to communicate, make known; to transfer ownership or title to
exhort
(v.) to urge strongly, advise earnestly
literature
- written work such as fiction, poetry, or drama
equator
0 degrees latitude
proportion
1. The relationship of one thing to another in size, amount, etc. 2. Size or weight relationships among structures or among elements in a single structure.
divert
1. entertain; 2. distract; 3. cause a detour
corps
1. organized body of persons 2. branch of the military
embargo
A ban on trade
vein
A blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart.
resume
A brief account of one's work experience and qualifications.
bulletin
A brief announcement of public interest; a small publication published regularly
transaction
A business deal or action; exchange of money, goods, or services
retail
A business that sells goods or services directly to the public.
parameter
A characteristic or constant factor, limit
antibiotic
A chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming body cells.
preference
A choice; first choice; something preferred
industry
A collection of businesses with a common line of products or services
farce
A comedy that contains an extravagant and nonsensical disregard of seriousness, although it may have a serious, scornful purpose.
ratio
A comparison of two quantities by division
simile
A comparison using "like" or "as"
herbivore
A consumer that eats only plants.
irony
A contrast between expectation and reality
senate
A council of representatives
ally
A country that agrees to help another country achieve a common goal
hazard
A danger or risk.
fraud
A deliberate deception intended to secure an unfair or unlawful gain
analysis
A detailed examination of the elements or structure of something.
telegraph
A device that used electrical signals to send messages quickly over long distances
filter
A device used to remove contamination from a fluid.
indigestion
A difficulty in digesting food.
ellipse
A elongated circle, or oval shape, the shape of the planets orbit.
bond
A financial security that represents a promise to repay a fixed amount of funds,something that unites or joins people together
pollen
A fine dust that contains the sperm of seed-producing plants
debut
A first public appearance
afloat
A floating condition; awash, flooded
current
A flow of electric charge.
spring
A flow of groundwater that emerges naturally at the ground surface
disciple
A follower of Jesus
republic
A form of government in which citizens choose their leaders by voting
patriarchy
A form of social organization in which males dominate females
cuneiform
A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets.
methane
A gas produced by bacteria from hydrogen and carbon dioxide
stereotype
A generalized belief about a group of people
subsidy
A government payment that supports a business or market
monarchy
A government ruled by a king or queen
chart
A graphical representation of data
avalanche
A great mass of ice, earth, or snow mixed with rocks sliding down a mountain
legislature
A group of people who have the power to make laws
board
A group of people who manage the business of an organization
species
A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
faction
A group with a distinct political interest
girder
A horizontal beam or support, usually of steel or wood
comedy
A humorous work of drama
theory
A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data
glacier
A large mass of moving ice and snow on land
numerous
A large number
auditorium
A large room or hall where people gather to hear speakers or view performances
regiment
A large, organized group of soldiers
charter
A legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
inventory
A list of possessions or goods on hand.
melodrama
A literary form in which events are exaggerated in order to create an extreme emotional response.
satire
A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.
mortgage
A loan to purchase a home or other real estate
epic
A long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds
ridge
A long, narrow chain of hills or mountains
tentacle
A long, slender, flexible arm-like structure found around the mouth or head of an animal.
confederacy
A loose union of independent states
monopoly
A market in which there are many buyers but only one seller.
equation
A mathematical sentence that contains an equals sign.
gourd
A melon, pumpkin, squash, or some similar fruit having a hard rind.
suspension
A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration
atmosphere
A mixture of gases that surrounds a planet or moon.
silt
A mixture of rich soil and tiny rocks
puppet
A movable model of a person, animal or creature.
satellite
A natural or artificial body that revolves around a planet
dividend
A number that is divided by another number.
square
A parallelogram with four congruent sides and four right angles.
delegate
A person appointed or elected to represent others
sponsor
A person or group who provides resources and support for the project, program, or portfolio and is accountable for enabling success.
candidate
A person running for office
merchant
A person who makes money by selling goods
volunteer
A person who offers to do something without pay
anarchist
A person who opposes all forms of government.
entrepreneur
A person who organizes, manages, and takes on the risks of a business.
humanitarian
A person working for the welfare of all humans
sanctuary
A place of protection
intersection
A point where lines intersect.
policy
A proposed or adopted course or principle of action
batch
A quantity of goods produced at one time
riddle
A question or statement that teases the mind
tornado
A rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down to touch Earth's surface.
boycott
A refusal to buy or use goods and services.
ancestor
A relative who lived in the past
lithosphere
A rigid layer made up of the uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.
process
A series of actions or steps taken to achieve an end
coil
A series of loops that has been wound or gathered
chain
A series of usually metal links or rings connected to or fitted into one another and used to transmit motion and power within a sprocket system.
recipe
A set of instructions for making something
stock
A share of ownership in a corporation.
slide
A single page of a presentation in a slide show
artisan
A skilled craftsperson
recession
A slowdown in a nation's economy
receptor
A small area on the dendrite that receives the signal from the other neuron
pivot
A small bar or rod on which something else turns
vacuum
A space where no particles of matter exist
privilege
A special favor, right, or advantage given to a person or group.
hibernation
A state of greatly reduced body activity that occurs during the winter
meteor
A streak of light in the sky produced by the burning of a meteoroid in Earth's atmosphere.
cable
A strong rope, usually made of metal, designed to have great tensile strength and to be used in structures.
rhythm
A strong, regular, repeated pattern of movement or sound.
base
A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
acid
A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.
medication
A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
philosophy
A system of beliefs and values
project
A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.
hypothesis
A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
resin
A thick, slowly flowing liquid produced by plants that can harden into a solid
kerosene
A thin oil
protein
A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids.
boom
A time of fast economic growth
hammer
A tiny bone that passes vibrations from the eardrum to the anvil
plow
A tool used to cut, lift, and turn over soil
fiber
A tough complex carbohydrate that the body cannot digest
cholesterol
A type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods.
poetry
A type of literature that expresses ideas, feelings, or tells a story in a specific form (usually using lines and stanzas)
constant
A value that does not change
reptile
A vertebrate with scaly skin that lays eggs with tough, leathery shells.
independent
A voter or candidate who does not identify with a political party.
procedure
A way of organizing, writing, and conducting the experiment.
binary
A way of representing information using only two options.
swamp
A wetland ecosystem in which shrubs and trees grow
synonym
A word that means the same as another word
prescription
A written order from a doctor for a specific medicine
verifiable
Able to be proven true
adaptive
Able to change as needed
sour
Acids taste
transparent
Allowing light to pass through
curl
Also known as circle; the hair that is wrapped around the roller.
likewise
Also, in addition to; similarly, in the same way
patriot
American colonist who favored American independence
amino
Amines
disease
An abnormal state in which the body is not functioning normally
scandal
An action or attitude—or the failure to act—that leads another person into sin.
predator
An animal that hunts other animals for food
buffalo
An animal that was used by the Plains Indians for food, shelter, and clothing.
invertebrate
An animal without a backbone
primate
An archbishop or bishop who ranks highest among others
editorial
An article giving opinions or perspectives
sidebar
An article that accompanies and appears beside the main news story
hominid
An early ancestor of humans
verge
An edge, border, or brink
shape
An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.
formula
An equation that calculates a new value from values currently in a worksheet.
deficit
An excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues.
reputation
An idea held by the public about something or someone
symptom
An indication of a problem
decree
An order having the force of law
embryo
An organism in the earliest stage of development
fungi
An organism that absorbs nutrients from the environment.
parasite
An organism that feeds on a living host
profile
An outline of something as seen from one side.
medieval
Another name for the Middle Ages.
powder
Any solid substance in the state of fine, loose particles as produced by crushing or grinding.
numeric
Anything that is a number.
align
Arrange in a line or bring into alignment.
racism
Belief that one race is superior to another
optimal
Best or most favorable
skeleton
Bones of the body
carbohydrate
Broken down to simple sugars
thorough
COMPLETE; very carefully done
compressible
Capable of being pressed into smaller compass.
executive
Carries out the laws
infectious
Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.
provocative
Causing disturbance or excitement
loathsome
Causing hatred or disgust
selection
Choosing from among qualified applicants to hire into an organization
tube
Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses
cassette
Contains extraoral films during exposure
quantitative
Data that is in numbers
canopy
Dense covering formed by the leafy tops of tall rain forest trees
malice
Desire to harm others
longitude
Distance east or west of the prime meridian
previous
Earlier; happening before
crust
Earth's outermost layer.
infrared
Electromagnetic waves of frequencies lower than the red of visible light.
trade
Exchange of goods and services
contradictory
Expressing the opposite; inconsistent
fatigue
Extreme tiredness, exhaustion
slander
False charges and malicious oral statements about someone
resolve
Find the solution.
staunch
Firm and steadfast
catilage
Flexible connective tissue
lens
Focuses light onto retina
outline
Give a brief account or summary
horizontal
Going straight across from side to side
directory
Group of five men who served as liaisons between Robespierre and the Assembly. Overthrown by Napoleon.
screen
Hardware for output that displays characters and images to a user.
ambivalent
Having mixed feelings
polygamy
Having more than one spouse
rustic
Having to do with the countryside; rural
pitch
How high or low a sound is
instruction
How to do something
frost
Ice formed when water vapor changes directly into ice crystals
specify
Identify clearly and definitely
levy
Impose or raise a tax
spectacular
Impressive to look at, remarkable.
suspicious
Inclined or tending to believe that something is wrong
interplay
Interaction, reciprocal relationship or influence
walnut
Juglans
Jupiter
King of the gods
gaseous
Light and unsubstantial.
plasma
Liquid part of blood
evaporation
Liquid to gas
clamor
Loud noise or shouting
artificial
Made by human beings and not by nature
legislative
Makes laws
monumental
Massive, very great, very important
waste
Material outputs from a system that are not useful or consumed
magnesium
Mg
debt
Money owed
nitrogen
Most abundant gas in the atmosphere
Neolithic
New Stone Age
oak
Oakland, California
pottery
Objects (usually vessels) made of clay and hardened by firing
annual
Occurring every year
poetic
Of, relating to, or used in poetry
trace
Outline; follow the course of
climate
Overall weather in an area over a long period of time
habitat
Place where an organism lives
radar
Radio Detection and Ranging
rhyme
Repetition of sounds at the end of words
rod
Round, solid prong of a thermal iron.
second
SI base unit for time
abrasion
Scrape of the skin due to something abrasive
limestone
Sedimentary
grain
Seed of a cereal grass
earnest
Serious and sincere
preliminary
Serving as a preparation; introductory
homosexuality
Sexual attraction to the same sex
atom
Smallest particle of an element
limitation
Some factor that restricts the scope of activity or accomplishment.
velocity
Speed in a given direction
geology
Study of the earth
stage
Supports the slide
wholesome
Tending to improve the character, the mind, or the body
overflow
Text that does not fit in a text box and is therefore hidden.
balance
The ability to keep an upright posture while standing still or moving.
documentation
The act of creating citations to identify resources used in writing a work.
submission
The act of giving in to another
remainder
The amount left over when one number is divided by another.
dosage
The amount of a drug to be administered.
supply
The amount of goods available
weathering
The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.
flame
The bright, glowing gas we see when something burns.
core
The central part of the earth below the mantle
Easter
The day on which Christians celebrate Jesus' resurrection from the dead
orientation
The direction that material appears on a page when printed.
circumference
The distance around a circle
perimeter
The distance around a figure
terminus
The final destination or goal of a journey or endeavor; the finishing point
Latin
The language of the Romans
vent
The opening through which molten rock and gas leave a volcano
destination
The place to which something or someone is going
inheritance
The process in which genetic material is passed from parents to their offspring.
momentum
The product of an object's mass and velocity
leak
The release of secret information by anonymous government officials to the media
sum
The result of addition.
coverage
The risks covered and amount of money paid for losses under an insurance policy
concentration
The spread of something over a given area.
completion
The state of being completed
luxury
The state of great comfort and extravagant living
physiology
The study of body function
anatomy
The study of body structure
inertia
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
setting
The time and place of a story
convection
The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid
absorption
The transport of dissolved substances into cells.
productivity
The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it.
sewage
The water and human wastes that are washed down sinks, toilets, and showers
luster
The way a mineral reflects light
plankton
Tiny organisms that float in the water
endeavor
To attempt earnestly
negotiate
To bargain for a lower price
correspond
To be similar to; compare to
clog
To block something
rupture
To break apart, to burst
integrate
To bring together and make whole
negate
To cancel the effect of; nullify
deflect
To cause to turn aside or away
synthesize
To combine; to blend
conceive
To come up with, imagine
fulfill
To complete or accomplish totally
contemplate
To consider carefully and thoughtfully
digitize
To convert data from analog to digital form.
stew
To cook slowly and for a long time in liquid
excise
To cut out of; remove
curtail
To cut short or reduce
agitate
To disturb or upset
contract
To draw together, to reduce in size
mortify
To embarrass or humiliate
elaborate
To explain in greater detail
roll
To flatten to a desired thickness by using a rolling pin
visualize
To form a mental image of; imagine.
adhere
To hold fast or stick together
paste
To insert data from the Clipboard to a new location in a worksheet.
emigrate
To leave one country or region and settle in another
elevate
To lift up or place in a higher position
communicate
To make known; to give or exchange information
grind
To mechanically break down a food into a finer texture
pierce
To pass or break through.
envision
To picture in the mind; to imagine
apply
To place, put on, or spread something
haul
To pull or carry with effort
arrange
To put in a certain order
depose
To remove from office or power
inactivate
To render nonfunctional.
confiscate
To seize, by force if necessary; to take possession of
launch
To set or thrust in motion.
shuffle
To slide the feet along the ground while walking
elapse
To slip away; go by
cram
To stuff into a small space
supplement
To take in addition to or to complete
specialize
To work at only one kind of job
device
Tool or piece of equipment
perpendicular
Two lines that intersect to form right angles
context
Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning.
dam
a barrier that runs across a river or stream to control the flow of water
novice
a beginner; one who is inexperienced
oxide
a binary compound of oxygen with another element or group.
sapphire
a blue gem
commune
a body of people or families living together and sharing everything
calculus
a branch of mathematics in which calculations are made using special symbolic notations; developed by Isaac Newton
bouquet
a bunch of flowers
partnership
a business owned by two or more people
mount
a card for sending messages by post without an envelope
postcard
a card for sending messages by post without an envelope
surcharge
a charge added to the usual cost
bleach
a chemical which lightens or blanches skin discolorations
alien
a citizen of another country
seminar
a class on a topic
apprenticeship
a combination of classroom instruction and on-the-job training
career
a commitment to work in a field that you find interesting and fulfilling
chlorine
a common nonmetallic element belonging to the halogens; best known as a heavy yellow irritating toxic gas; used to purify water and as a bleaching agent and disinfectant; occurs naturally only as a salt (as in sea water)
platitude
a commonplace, stale, or trite remark
instinct
a complex, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species
maze
a confusing network of winding paths or passages
aquarium
a container of water for fish, animals, or plants
continuum
a continuous whole without clear division into parts
paradox
a contradiction or dilemma
fault
a crack in the earth's crust
yogurt
a custard-like food made from curdled milk
relic
a custom or object that has been around for a very, very long time
plight
a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation
melanin
a dark brown to black pigment occurring in the hair, skin, and iris of the eye in people and animals. It is responsible for tanning of skin exposed to sunlight.
electrode
a device for conducting electricity
bellows
a device for producing a strong current of air
ordeal
a difficult or painful experience
dilemma
a difficult or perplexing situation or problem
plague
a disease that spreads quickly and kills many people
surgeon
a doctor who performs operations
clue
a fact or object that helps to solve mysteries
glimmer
a faint, unsteady light
illusion
a false impression
shame
a feeling of being personally humiliated
tension
a feeling of fear or anger between people or countries who do not trust each other
hedge
a fence formed by a row of closely planted shrubs or bushes
pasture
a field of growing grass where animals can eat; a meadow
hieratic
a fixed stylized method of representation, often determined by religious principles or ideas
gleam
a flash or beam of light
angiosperm
a flowering plant that produces seeds within a fruit
lubricant
a fluid used to reduce friction
petition
a formal request
hockey
a game played by two teams in which a small ball is hit with a long stick
scarf
a garment worn around the head or neck or shoulders for warmth or decoration
sequoia
a giant redwood tree
herd
a group of animals
assembly
a group of people gathered together in one place for a common purpose.
gang
a group of people who associate with one another to take part in criminal activity
staff
a group of people who work for an organization or business
clan
a group of related families
syndrome
a group of symptoms
bunch
a grouping of a number of similar things
clump
a grouping of a number of similar things
cluster
a grouping of a number of similar things
flint
a hard kind of stone
gemstone
a hard, colorful mineral that has a brilliant or glassy luster
clinic
a healthcare facility for outpatient care
prestige
a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.
tableland
a high, broad, level plateau
squirrel
a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail
indifference
a lack of interest or concern
linguist
a language specialist
giraffe
a large African animal with a very long neck and long legs
mansion
a large and imposing house
dormitory
a large bedroom for a number of people in a school or institution
barge
a large low boat
reservoir
a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.
multitude
a large number
catastrophe
a large-scale disaster, misfortune, or failure
horizon
a layer of soil
scholar
a learned person
lawsuit
a legal case brought to settle a dispute between people or groups
moral
a lesson taught by a literary work
zigzag
a line or course that moves back and forth to form a series of sharp angles
catalog
a list of things, people, or events
symphony
a long piece of music to be played by an orchestra
pipe
a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth's surface
hike
a long walk usually for exercise or pleasure
trench
a long, narrow ditch.
nostalgia
a longing for something past; homesickness
outcry
a loud cry
basin
a low place in the surface of the land, usually with a body of water occupying the lowest part
genre
a major category or type of literature
stigma
a mark of shame or discredit
expedient
a means to an end
Fahrenheit
a measurement of temperature in which water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°
senator
a member of a senate
silicate
a member of the mineral group that has silicon and oxygen in its crystal structure
relative
a member of your family
copper
a metal with a color between brown and red
enlightenment
a movement that emphasized science and reason as guides to help see the world more clearly
brand
a name, term, symbol, design, or combination thereof that identifies a seller's products and differentiates them from competitors' products
cape
a narrow piece of land projecting into the sea
state
a nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government.
obituary
a notice of someone's death
fraction
a part of a whole; a broken piece of something that is no longer whole
portion
a part or share of the whole
rebate
a partial refund of the price of a product
hue
a particular shade of a given color
quote
a passage or expression that is quoted or cited
criss-cross
a pattern of intersecting straight lines or paths.
millennium
a period of one thousand years
applicant
a person applying for a job
scout
a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event
household
a person or group of people living in the same residence
counterpart
a person or thing that is similar to another
collaborator
a person who assists the enemy
deviant
a person who breaks significant societal or group norms
courier
a person who carries a message
immigrant
a person who comes into a country to live there
architect
a person who designs buildings
superintendent
a person who directs and manages an organization
toady
a person who flatters for personal gain
pilot
a person who flies a plane
instructor
a person who helps someone build knowledge
detective
a person who investigates crimes and gathers information
rancher
a person who owns or works on a ranch
rebel
a person who refuses to obey orders or the law
biologist
a person who studies living things
hawk
a person who supported U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War and believed that the United States should use increased military force to win it
composer
a person who writes music
offspring
a person's child or children.
photograph
a picture made by a camera
canvas
a piece of cloth on which an artist paints
pants
a piece of clothing for the lower body
lost-and-found
a place for the storage of lost items
strategy
a plan of action
suitcase
a portable rectangular traveling bag for carrying clothes
engraving
a print made from an engraved plate, block, or other surface.
newsletter
a printed report or letter containing news of interest to a particular group
tutor
a private teacher
by-product
a product made during the manufacture of something else
recital
a program of music or dance
bill
a proposed law
manifesto
a public declaration of policies or intentions
periodical
a publication that appears at fixed intervals
penalty
a punishment for doing something which is against a law or rule
pocketbook
a purse or handbag; a small case or folder for money and documents, suitable for carrying in a pocket
amount
a quantity of something
response
a reaction to a stimulus
motive
a reason for doing something
invitation
a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something
suburb
a residential district located on the outskirts of a city
cafeteria
a restaurant where you serve yourself and pay a cashier
resoration
a reversal of the King restored
haven
a safe place
squid
a sea animal that has a pair of tail fins and ten arms
conspiracy
a secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful
section
a separate part of something
outfit
a set of clothes for a particular event or activity
costume
a set of clothes in a style typical of a particular country or historical period.
alphabet
a set of letters that can be combined to form words
oblong
a shape that is longer than it is wide
thorn
a sharp-pointed tip on a stem or leaf
graphite
a shiny, black substance that is used in pencils
bookstore
a shop where books are sold
anecdote
a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person
slogan
a short and striking or memorable phrase used in advertising.
shower
a short period of rain
essay
a short piece of writing on a particular subject.
nap
a short sleep
errand
a short trip to do something
individual
a single organism
specimen
a single thing that is taken as an example of a whole category
shortage
a situation in which a good or service is unavailable
mosquito
a slender long-legged fly with aquatic larvae. The bite of the bloodsucking female can transmit a number of serious diseases including malaria and encephalitis.
jog
a slow pace of running
snack
a small amount of food eaten between meals
remnant
a small part remaining behind
plaster
a small piece of sticky material that you put on cuts on your body
mint
a small plant whose leaves have a particular fresh smell and taste and are used in food or drinks
asteroid
a small rocky body orbiting the sun
cabin
a small room to sleep in on a ship
grocery
a small store that sells food and household supplies
shrimp
a small, pink, sea animal that you can eat, with a curved body and a shell
spot
a small, round mark that is a different colour from the surface it is on
chimpanzee
a small, very intelligent African ape with black or brown fur
smirk
a smile expressing smugness or scorn instead of pleasure
curve
a smooth, rounded line, shape, path, etc.
anomie
a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent
salon
a social gathering of intellectuals and artists
vow
a solemn promise
cylinder
a solid bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes (the bases)
suspense
a state or feeling of excited or anxious uncertainty about what may happen.
protest
a statement or action expressing disapproval of or objection to something.
thesis
a statement or theory that is put forward as a premise to be maintained or proved.
tread
a step in walking or running
sieve
a strainer for separating lumps from powdered material
torrent
a strong and fast-moving stream of water or other liquid
religion
a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny
fountain
a structure that sends water up into the air
furnace
a stucture in which heat is generated
additive
a substance added to another substance, changing its effect
provision
a supplying of needs
sovereign
a supreme ruler, especially a monarch.
galaxy
a system of millions or billions of stars, together with gas and dust, held together by gravitational attraction.
notation
a system of writing music so that specific pitches and rhythms can be communicated
presentation
a talk giving information about something
strap
a thin piece of material used to fasten two things together or to carry something
loan
a thing that is borrowed, especially a sum of money that is expected to be paid back with interest.
souvenir
a thing that is kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event.
caption
a title or short description of a picture
instrument
a tool or device used for a particular purpose
vestige
a trace; remnant
willow
a tree with tough slender branches
prairie
a treeless grassy plain
principle
a truth, a rule, or a law
patriarchic
a type of society where male roles are valued more that female roles
epitome
a typical example
league
a union of people or groups
syllable
a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme
horde
a vast number
sled
a vehicle mounted on runners and pulled by horses or dogs
virus
a very small thing that causes illnesses, or an illness that it causes
shellfish
a water animal with a shell
method
a way of doing something
marvel
a wonderful or amazing thing
laboratory
a workplace for the conduct of scientific research
hieroglyph
a writing system using picture symbols
butter
a yellow fat food made from milk
dilute
a.冲淡的,稀释的 vt.冲淡,稀释;淡化,削弱
lower
abase
capacity
ability
portable
able to be carried
edible
able to be eaten
tolerable
able to be endured
sustainable
able to be maintained at a certain rate or level
calculable
able to be measured or assessed
plastic
able to be molded, altered, or bent
intelligible
able to be understood
accessible
able to go in to, enter, or approach
curative
able to heal or cure
amphibious
able to live both on land and in water
articulate
able to speak clearly and expressively
hardy
able to survive under bad conditions; tough
aberrant
abnormal or deviant
anomalous
abnormal, irregular, departing from the usual
anomaly
abnormality
superior
above
overseas
abroad
imperative
absolutely necessary
grazing
act of feeding on plants
pump
active transport mechanism that works against electrochemical gradients
factual
actual, real, truthful
genuine
actually being what it is claimed or seems to be; true; real; authentic
needy
adj. Being in need, want, or poverty.
broadcast
adj. Disseminated far and wide.
uppermost
adj. First in order of precedence.
antique
adj. Pertaining to ancient times.
similar
almost the same
feat
an act or deed that shows daring, skill, or strength
compact
an agreement
coalition
an alliance of factions
salamander
an animal with a lizard-like appearance, having short legs and a long tail, that lives both on land and in water
rodent
an animal with sharp teeth for gnawing
rainbow
an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun's rays by rain
beach
an area of the shoreline that is made up of deposited sediment
limb
an arm, leg, or wing
advent
an arrival
canal
an artificial waterway
colleague
an associate
fellowship
an association of people who share beliefs or activities
premise
an assumption; the basis for a conclusion
aurora
an atmospheric phenomenon consisting of bands of light caused by charged solar particles following the earth's magnetic lines of force
affinity
an attraction to
voltage
an electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.
vacancy
an empty area or space
adversary
an enemy, opponent
constituent
an essential part; a voter who elects a representative
incident
an event
disturbance
an event, caused by physical, chemical, or biological agents, resulting in changes in population size or community composition
standard
an exact quantity that people agree to use to compare measurements
instance
an example
rodeo
an exhibition of cowboy skills
perquisite
an extra benefit or remuneration
notion
an idea
gradient
an incline or slope; the rate of incline
credentialism
an increase in the lowest level of education needed to enter a field
manifestation
an indication or sign of a condition
wasp
an insect with a slender* body and powerful sting
compass
an instrument that shows the direction of magnetic north
schedule
an ordered list of times at which things are planned to occur
supplier
an organization that provides resources for other organizations
wretch
an unfortunate or unhappy person
provoke
anger
rage
anger
scavenger
animal that consumes the carcasses of other animals
daisy
any of numerous composite plants having flower heads with well-developed ray flowers usually arranged in a single whorl
finch
any of numerous small songbirds with short stout bills adapted for crushing seeds
lichen
any of several eruptive skin diseases characterized by hard thick lesions grouped together and resembling lichens growing on rocks
phase
any part of a sample with uniform composition and properties
hybrid
anything of mixed origin
resource
anything that can be used to produce something else
necessity
anything that cannot be done without or that is greatly needed
nourishment
anything that feeds or helps to make grow
graphics
anything written, drawn, or printed
investigate
appraise, ascertain, assay, descry, peruse
advisable
appropriate to do; sensible
permission
approval to do something
district
area
formidable
arousing fear or awe
codify
arrange and set down in writing
classify
arrange or order by classes or categories
chronological
arranged in order of time
choreograph
art of representing dances in written symbols; arrangement of dances
gymnasium
athletic facility equipped for sports or physical training
assail
attack, assault
bold
audacious, courageous, dauntless
reign
authority; rule
moderate
average
clumsy
awkward
infant
baby
hind
back
vibration
back and forth motion
poster
back part
spectrum
band of color, broad range of related ideas or objects
syntactic
based on grammar
subjective
based on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions
anecdotal
based on personal accounts rather than facts or research
elementary
basic
rudimentary
basic; elementary; in the earliest stages of development
fundamental
basic; primary; essential
epitomize
be a perfect example of
denote
be a sign of; indicate
teem
be full of or swarming with
obstruct
be in the way of; hinder; impede; block
prior
before
prehistoric
before written history
sprout
begin to grow; give off shoots or buds; N: new growth on a plant; shoot
genesis
beginning; origin
aggression
behavior whose purpose is to harm another
venturesome
being bold and taking risks
ordinal
being of a specified position or order in a numbered series
aboriginal
being the first of its kind in a region; primitive; native
intrinsic
belonging to a thing by its very nature
subliminal
below the level of consciousness
pliant
bending readily; easily influenced
interstellar
between or among stars
beak
bird's mouth
gnaw
bite or chew on with the teeth
chew
biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow
reproach
blame
vascular
blood vessels
skeletal
bones
bilateral
both sides
defecate
bowel movement
pendant
branched lighting fixture; often ornate; hangs from the ceiling
motto
brief statement used to express a principle
vivid
bright, distinct, and clear
luminosity
brightness
fracture
broken bone
thereby
by that means or because of that
whereby
by which
placid
calm, peaceful
ductile
can be drawn into wires
tangible
can be touched
applicable
capable of being applied
flexible
capable of bending without breaking
noticeable
capable or worthy of drawing attention
cautious
careful
gin
careful
economical
careful about spending money or using resources
consideration
careful thought
deliverate
carefully thought out; not hasty
jeans
casual pants made of denim, usually blue or black
fatal
causing death
dismal
causing gloom or misery
biochemical
cemented shells of organisms
focal
central
ritual
ceremony
definite
certain
motion
change in position
obedience
changing one's behavior at the command of an authority figure
distinctive
characteristic
overcharge
charge too much
engaging
charming; attractive
fraudulent
cheating; deceitful
bosom
chest
chubby
chunky, fat, overweight, pudgy, tubby
urban
city
distinct
clearly different; clearly noticed
shrewd
clever
handy
clever in using the hands
ingenious
clever; resourceful
clench
close tightly; grasp
realistic
closely resembling real life
laundry
clothes that need washing or are being washed
garb
clothing
hint
clue
incoming
coming in or arriving
overdue
coming later than expected or needed
rivalry
competition
perfect
complete
ambient
completely surrounding
sophisticated
complex or intricate
vegetative
composed of vegetation or plants
holistic
concerned with the whole
gourmet
connoisseur of food and drink
documentary
consisting of official pieces of written, printed, or other matter.
bony
consisting of or resembling bone
insistence
continual and persistent demands
survive
continue to live
abiding
continuing, lasting
ongoing
continuously moving forward
belie
contradict; give a false impression
brass
copper and zinc
maize
corn
rural
countryside
overwhelm
cover over completely; overpower; overthrow; crush
furry
covered with a dense coat of fine silky hairs
skull
cranial
collision
crash
weave
create a piece of cloth by interlacing strands of fabric, such as wool or cotton
contemporary
current, modern; from the same time
convex
curved outward
moist
damp
orchestra
dancing place
band
dark band
gloomy
darkness, sadness, rejection
lethal
deadly
artifice
deception; trickery
verdict
decision
annul
declare invalid
translation
decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
lessen
decrease
explicit
definite, clearly stated
extent
degree or scope
vicious
deliberately cruel or violent
delectable
delicious
bureau
department
smother
deprive of oxygen and prevent from breathing
derivation
deriving; origin or source of something
characterize
describe the distinctive nature or features of
culpable
deserving blame
appetite
desire for food
curiosity
desire to learn or know
nevertheless
despite anything to the contrary
disparate
different
illegible
difficult or impossible to read
abstract
difficult to understand
downside
disadvantage
drawback
disadvantage
calamitous
disastrous, catastrophic
debate
discuss the pros and cons of an issue
negotiation
discussion aimed at reaching an agreement
camouflage
disguise
scatter
disperse
discount
disregard
interval
distance between two pitches
differential
distinctive
subdivide
divide into smaller parts
sedentary
doing or requiring a lot of sitting
underground
done in secret
expeditious
done with speed and efficiency
bolt
door bar; fastening pin or screw; length of fabric; large roll of cloth; V: dash or dart off; fasten (a door); gobble down
scruple
doubt or uneasiness as to what is right or proper
generalize
draw from specific cases for more general cases
nectar
drink of the gods; sweet liquid collected by bees
pathological
due to disease
monotonous
dull, tedious, and repetitious; lacking in variety and interest.
meantime
during this time
zealous
eager, earnest, devoted
volatile
easily aroused or changeable; lively or explosive
pliable
easily bent, flexible; easily influenced
irritable
easily irritated or annoyed
legible
easily read
devour
eat greedily
oval
egg-shaped
chagrin
embarrassment
blast
embryonic cell
deserted
empty
hollow
empty inside
lasting
enduring
kinetic
energy of motion
vivify
enliven or animate
astronomical
enormously large or extensive
adequate
enough, sufficient
undertake
enter into an activity
asthma
episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed airways
integral
essential
vital
essential
quarterly
every three months
proof
evidence
corrupt
evil; dishonest; to break away from honesty
scrupulous
exact, careful
precise
exact; accurate
identical
exactly the same
tyrannical
exercising power in a cruel or arbitrary way
prevailing
existing at a particular time; current.
innate
existing from birth, inborn
traditional
existing in or as part of a tradition; long-established.
reservation
explains the terms and conditions necessitated by the qualifier
extrapolate
extend; predict on the basis of known data
smelting
extract (metal) from its ore by a process involving heating and melting.
crucial
extremely important
harsh
extremely unkind or cruel
orbital
eye area
linen
fabric woven from fibers of the flax plant
swoon
faint, lose consciousness
loyal
faithful to one's country, a person, or an idea
fidelity
faithfulness; loyalty
counterfeit
fake; false
notorious
famous for something bad
livestock
farm animals
outermost
farthest away, farthest, most remote
supersonic
faster than the speed of sound
defect
fault
advantageous
favorable, useful
auspicious
favorable; fortunate
handful
few, smattering
thread
filament
inherent
firmly established by nature or habit
prime
first in rank, excellence, quality, importance, or time
premier
first in time or importance
rayon
first manufactured fiber
apartment
flat
blade
flat part of leaf
sauce
flavorful relish or dressing or topping served as an accompaniment to food
flu
flow
subsequent
following
consecutive
following in order
dairy
food made from milk
exotic
foreign, unfamiliar
forefront
foremost place or part
precursor
forerunner; predecessor
valid
founded on fact or evidence
disinterested
free of bias or self-interest; impartial
buddy
friend
harmonious
friendly; amicable
henceforth
from now on
porous
full of tiny holes
ripe
fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used
groove
furrow
oxygen
gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells
aggregate
gather; accumulate
hospitable
generous and friendly to guests or visitors
soak
get very wet
yield
give or supply
disarm
give up all weapons
militant
given to fighting; active and aggressive in support of a cause
descriptive
giving details about
target
goal
transcendent
going beyond the limits of ordinary experience
tangent
going off the main subject
heyday
golden age; prime
gospel
good news
freight
goods carried by a large vehicle
merchandise
goods that a business purchases to sell
clutch
group of eggs
choir
group of people who sing together (esp. during religious services); place for choir
troupe
group of performers
flock
group of sheep
hemisphere
half of a sphere
wield
handle effectively
instantaneous
happening immediately
gradual
happening over a period of time
recurring
happening over and over
regular
happening, coming or done repeatedly at times or places which are the same distance apart
premature
happening, done, arriving, or existing before the proper time
hoof
hard covering of the digit in ungulates
incredible
hard or impossible to believe
arduous
hard to do, requiring much effort
elusive
hard to grasp
complicated
hard to understand or deal with
ivory
hard white material made from elephant tusks
injurious
harmful
consonant
harmonious agreement
educated
has a great deal of knowledge
concentric
having a common center
pernicious
having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way
polar
having a pair of equal and opposite charges
steep
having a sharp inclination
slick
having a smooth, gleaming surface
impressive
having a strong effect, commanding attention
pretension
having an attitude of dignity or importance
desperate
having an urgent need or desire
sweeping
having broad range or effect
virtuous
having excellent morals; righteous
superstitious
having faith in magic or chance
despise
having more than one spouse at a time
influential
having or exercising influence or power
charismatic
having or exhibiting a special magnetic charm or appeal
odorous
having or giving off a smell
well-heeled
having plenty of money
resistant
having the ability to fight against
spiny
having thorns
hereditary
having title or possession by reason of birth
literary
having to do with letters or literature
financial
having to do with money
pictorial
having to do with pictures; expressed in pictures
semantic
having to do with the meaning of words or language
celestial
having to do with the sky or heavens
meteorological
having to do with weather
toed
having toes
haircut
having your hair cut/styled
altitude
height above sea level
assistant
helper
ultraviolet
high-frequency light waves beyond the violet frequency
bump
hit or knock against with force
cavity
hole
vacation
holiday
sacred
holy
quality
how good or bad something is
modest
humble
ailment
illness
conceivable
imaginable
unbridgeable
impossible to cross
impenetrable
impossible to pass through or enter
endangered
in danger of becoming extinct
overall
in general
nonetheless
in spite of that
passive
inactive
partial
incomplete
upsurge
increase, rise
extension
increases the angle of a joint
contagious
infectious
acronym
initials-name
sprain
injury to a ligament
crazy
insane
internal
inside
encourage
inspire with confidence
awesome
inspiring terror, weird
immediate
instant
cerebral
intellectual
subversive
intended to undermine or overthrow
through
into one side and out of the other side
innovative
introducing something new
sponge
invertebrate that filter feeds as water flows through lots of pores in its body
ideomotor
involuntary action
asymmetrical
irregular shape
evaluate
judge
acumen
keen insight
confine
keep within limits; restrict; limit
benign
kind and gentle
pharaoh
king of ancient Egypt
theoretical
lacking application or practical application
awkward
lacking grace or skill in manner or movement or performance
impersonal
lacking human emotion or warmth
inert
lacking the ability or strength to move
extensive
large amount
collective
large farm owned and operated by peasants as a group
kingdom
large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla
substantial
large, important; major, significant
domain
larger, more inclusive taxonomic category than a kingdom
ephemeral
lasting a very short time
momentary
lasting for only an instant
sloth
laziness; avoiding work or effort
idle
lazy
conduct
lead; guide; escort
chief
leader
heritage
legacy or tradition
liable
legally responsible
prolong
lengthen in time
recline
lie down; stretch out; lean back
brighten
lighten; cheer; encourage; make or become bright or brighter
picturesque
like a picture; pleasing or charming to look at
stellar
like a star; most important
imperial
like an emperor or an empire
fiery
like or suggestive of fire
popular
liked by most people
addictive
likely to cause addiction
promising
likely to develop positively
lava
liquid magma that reaches the surface
vibrant
lively; full of vitality
cohabitation
living together; coexistence
desolate
lonely; forlorn; uninhabited; barren
banner
long strip of cloth for decoration or advertising
admire
look up to
racket
loud noise
ceramic
made of clay and hardened by heat
metallic
made of metal
mania
madness
glorious
magnificent, splendid
publicize
make (something) widely known
remind
make a person remember something
tarnish
make dirty or spotty, as by exposure to air
draw
make pictures; design with a pen, chalk
overhaul
make repairs or adjustments to
seal
make tight; stamp
refreshing
making you feel less hot or tired
gender
male or female
jaw
mandible
productive
marked by great fruitfulness
chivalrous
marked by honor, courtesy, and courage
haphazard
marked by lack of plan, order, or direction
sneaky
marked by quiet and caution and secrecy
monogamy
marriage to a single mate
material
material
fabric
material, or cloth, made from yarn
stuff
materials, supplies, or equipment
medium
matter through which a wave travels
ripen
mature
monument
means of reminding us of a person or event
gauge
measure
delirium
mental disorder marked by confusion
faculty
mental or bodily powers; teaching staff
measure
meter
imitate
mimic
care
mind; be concerned about
quartz
mineral
combination
mixture
restraint
moderation or self-control; controlling force; restriction
humble
modest
magma
molten rock
dominant
most important, powerful, or influential.
oral
mouth
swing
move forwards and backwards or in a curve; cause to turn in a curve
swarm
move in large numbers
waggle
move or cause to move with short quick movements from side to side or up and down
muscle
movement
nimble
moving quickly and lightly
reciprocal
mutual
reciprocity
mutual exchange
sulfur
n abundant tasteless odorless multivalent nonmetallic element; best known in yellow crystals; occurs in many sulphide and sulphate minerals and even in native form (especially in volcanic regions)
spheroid
n. A body having nearly the form of a sphere.
bonanza
n. A source of great wealth; something that brings great riches.
contender
n. One who exerts oneself in opposition or rivalry.
contributor
n. One who gives or furnishes, in common with others, for a common purpose.
yelp
n. a sharp cry expressing pain
insect
n. a very small creature, usually with many legs and sometimes with wings
subsidiary
n. one that serves or is secondary to another
indigenous
native to a certain area
adjacent
near, next to, adjoining
indispensable
necessary
demanding
needing a lot of your time, attention, or effort
urgent
needing quick action or attention
distress
negative stress
perpetual
never ending or changing
incessant
never stopping, going on all the time
moth
night butterfly
bald
no hair
untapped
not being used
vague
not clear
invalid
not good enough; not correct
frivolous
not having any serious purpose or value
deficient
not having enough; lacking
infirm
not in good health; not well
inactive
not in use; idle; not active
immature
not mature; not fully grown or developed; young; childish
inconspicuous
not noticeable
temporary
not permanent
barren
not productive, bare
amateur
not professional
stagnant
not running or flowing
irreverent
not showing proper respect
average
not special or unusual; ordinary
exempt
not subject to a duty or obligation; free from a duty; V.
tame
not wild
hinterland
noun a remote and undeveloped area
figure
number
coefficient
number in front of a variable
statistic
numerical summary of a sample
rob
oak, strength
bound
obligated
conspicuous
obvious to the eye or mind
sporadic
occurring irregularly
emerald
of a rich green color
priority
of great importance
aristocratic
of noble birth; snobbish
corporate
of or belonging to a unified group of people
degenerative
of or causing a decline in quality or strength
hydrothermal
of or related to hot water
congressional
of or relating to congress
cardiac
of or relating to the heart
marine
of or relating to the sea
juridical
of the law and its administration
filial
of, relating to, or befitting a son or daughter
Babylonian
of, relating to, or characteristic of Babylonia, an ancient country of southern Mesopotamia.
molecular
of, relating to, or consisting of molecules.
sacrificial
of, relating to, or constituting a sacrifice.
organic
of, relating to, or derived from living matter.
rank
offensive in odor or flavor
obscene
offensive to accepted standards of decency or modesty
maritime
on or near the sea
peripheral
on the edge, not important
punctual
on time; prompt
alternative
one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen
tile
one of the flat, square pieces that are used for covering roofs, floors, or walls
continent
one of the large landmasses of the earth
exponent
one who champions or advocates
opponent
one who goes against; rival
companion
one who spends time with or does things with another
receptive
open and responsive to ideas or suggestions
liberal
open to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values.
defiant
openly or boldly resisting authority
chance
opportunity
contrary
opposite
converse
opposite
counter
opposite
obsolete
out-of-date, no longer in use
cortex
outer region of an organ
sensational
outstanding
elliptical
oval; missing a word or words; obscure
exaggerate
overstate
sore
painful
brochure
pamphlet
fragment
part broken off
specific
particular and exact
respective
particular; belonging each to each
spaghetti
pasta in the form of long strings
compensation
payment
enactment
performance
epoch
period of time
consent
permission to do something
forerunner
person or thing that came before
barber
person whose business is cutting hair and shaving or trimming beards
convince
persuade or show conclusively by argument or proof
eloquent
persuasive and moving, especially in speech
viral
pertaining to a virus
linguistic
pertaining to language
muscular
pertaining to muscles
floral
pertaining to or consisting of flowers
allergic
pertaining to or suffering from an allergy
facial
pertaining to the face
optic
pertaining to vision
stack
pile
unadorned
plain, not decorated
accounting
planning, recording, analyzing, and interpreting financial information
vegetation
plant life
bud
plant structure containing undeveloped tissue that can produce new stems and leaves
wagon
platform on wheels
attractive
pleasing to the eye or mind
braid
plexus
depredation
plundering; destruction
venom
poison, spite, malice
geometric
political boundary defined and delimited as a straight line or an arc
glorify
praise or honor
prejudice
preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience
ageism
prejudice or discrimination on the basis of a person's age
latent
present, but not active; hidden
closet
private room
recall
procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
trumpet
proclaim, announce, broadcast, declare
lucrative
producing a great deal of profit
ware
product
evidence
proof
decent
proper
insurance
protection against financial loss
defense
protection from harm
tow
pull
tug
pull
uproot
pull up by the roots; remove completely; eradicate; annihilate
wrench
pull; strain; twist
intent
purpose
employ
put into service
superimpose
put on top of or over; attach as an addition
eligible
qualified to be chosen
scarce
rare
gem
rare, valuable mineral that can be cut and polished
available
ready for use, at hand
aggressive
ready to attack or start fights; acting in a hostile way
deductive
reasoning from general to specific
reconstruction
rebuilding of the South after the Civil War
recollection
recall of the context in which a certain stimulus was encountered
inherit
receive from one's ancestors
relieve
reduce, ease, alleviate, assuage
reject
refuse to accept
mercantile
related to commerce or trade
classical
related to the culture of ancient Greece and Rome
tribal
relating to a group of people of the same race, and with the same customs
seismic
relating to earthquakes
genetic
relating to genes or heredity
thermal
relating to heat
monetary
relating to money or currency
schematic
relating to or in the form of an outline or diagram
environmental
relating to the natural world and the impact of human activity on its condition.
auditory
relating to the sense of hearing
olfactory
relating to the sense of smell
sensual
relating to the senses, gratifying the physical (sexual) senses
vocal
relating to the voice
comparative
relative
rekindle
relight; revive
hesitant
reluctant
recess
remote part or corner
sanitation
removal of waste products
correspondent
reporter who sends news from outside a newspaper office
propagate
reproduce
mandatory
required, obligatory
prerequisite
requirement
drag
resistance by friction from air or water moving over a surface
breathing
respiration
generalization
responding similarly to a range of similar stimuli
checked
restrained
affluent
rich, wealthy
jewelry
rings, necklaces or bracelets etc, that we wear for decoration
fluctuation
rise and fall, continual variation
coarse
rough in texture
garbage
rubbish
hearsay
rumor, gossip
break
rupt
hurry
rush
despondent
sad, without hope, discouraged
sake
salmon
ironic
satiric; unexpected
consult
seek information from
autonomous
self-governing; independent
complacence
self-satisfaction
reasonable
sensible
solemn
serious; grave
conclusive
serving to settle an issue; final
sew
sewed, sewn
wedge-shaped
shape of cuneiform, due to the triangular shape of the stylus
dazzling
shining intensely
twinkling
shining intermittently with a sparkling light
myopic
short-sighted
exhibit
show, display
considerate
showing concern for the needs or feelings of others
ruthless
showing no mercy; pitiless
flamboyant
showy
wan
sickly pale
alike
similar
comparable
similar
idyllic
simple and pleasant
semester
six-month academic term
diplomatic
skilled in dealing with sensitive matters or people
trance
sleeplike state
dragonfly
slender-bodied non-stinging insect having iridescent wings that are outspread at rest; adults and nymphs feed on mosquitoes etc.
reddish
slightly red
ponderous
slow and clumsy because of great weight
sluggish
slow and lazy
cascade
small waterfall
slight
small, not very important, slender or delicate (adj); treat as though not very important; snub, ignore (verb); an act of treating in this way, a discourtesy (noun)
minor
smaller
capillary
smallest blood vessel
stereo
solid; three dimensions
outlaw
someone who has committed (or been legally convicted of) a crime
resident
someone who lives in a particular place
postulate
something accepted as true without proof; an axiom
adjunct
something added, attached, or joined
recreation
something done for fun, a hobby or game
undertaking
something someone decides to do or start
catalyst
something that brings about a change in something else
vehicle
something that carries
disaster
something that causes great damage or harm
derivative
something that comes from another source
complement
something that completes or makes up a whole
factor
something that contributes to a result
obstacle
something that gets in the way
amenity
something that increases comfort
formation
something that is made or formed
balm
soothing, healing influence
insult
speak to or treat with disrespect or scornful abuse
outspoken
speaking out freely or boldly; frank; vocal; not reserved
given
specified or stated
tempo
speed of music
extravagant
spending, costing, or using more than is required
spun
spin
twine
spin or twist together so as to form a cord
morale
spirit
smear
spread or cover with a sticky substance; N: mark made by smearing
skip
spring, jump, leap
withstand
stand up against; resist
criteria
standards by which something is judged
stationary
standing still; not moving
sheer
steep
trample
step heavily with the feet; crush under the feet
grimly
sternly; without humor
cohere
stick together
rigid
stiff
pause
stopping
vertical
straight up and down
peculiar
strange or odd; unusual
notable
striking, remarkable
backhand
stroke made on the non-racket side of the body
tough
strong
sturdy
strong and firm (in the body)
pyramid
structure with triangular sides
mechanics
study of motion
botany
study of plants
multiplicative
subject to or of the nature of multiplication.
minus
subtraction
explosive
sudden and loud
dramatic
sudden and striking
abrupt
sudden and unexpected
nominate
suggest someone's name for office
arable
suitable for growing crops
adobe
sun-dried brick
startling
surprising
vicinity
surrounding area
token
symbol
withdraw
take back; remove
babble
talk rapidly and continuously in a foolish, excited, or incomprehensible way
faucet
tap
terminology
technical vocabulary
dent
teeth
tantalizing
tempting
grasshopper
terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping
dinosaur
terrible lizard
orchid
testis, testicle
resilience
the ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats
capability
the ability to do something
flexibility
the ability to move a body part through a full range of motion
locomotion
the ability to move from place to place
creativity
the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
literacy
the ability to read and write
agency
the ability to think, act, and make choices independently
congratulation
the act of acknowledging that someone has an occasion for celebration
excavation
the act of digging
rental
the act of paying for the use of something (as an apartment or house or car)
splash
the act of scattering water about haphazardly
comparison
the act or instance of comparing.
disposal
the act or means of getting rid of something
revival
the act or process of bringing back to life
repetition
the action of repeating something that has already been said or written.
output
the amount of something produced by a person, machine, or industry
quotient
the answer to a division problem
pedagogy
the art of teaching
rear
the back part of something
bulb
the base of a hair follicle and its surrounding dermal root sheath, containing the papilla of the hair and matrix
infrastructure
the basic framework of a building or a system
utility
the capacity to be useful and provide satisfaction
evaporate
the change from a liquid to a gas
postage
the charge for mailing something
captivity
the condition of being imprisoned or confined
electrolysis
the decomposition of a substance by an electric current
readability
the difficulty level of written materials
diameter
the distance across a circle through its center
politics
the effort to control or influence the conduct and policies of government
pole
the end of a magnet
existence
the fact or state of living or having objective reality
empress
the female ruler of an empire
aviation
the flying or operating of aircraft
façade
the front of a building
vapor
the gas state of a substance that is normally a solid or a liquid at room temperature
externality
the impact of one person's actions on the well-being of a bystander
confusion
the inability to think clearly
mantle
the layer of the earth between the crust and the core
minimal
the least possible
audience
the listener, viewer, or reader of a text
position
the location of an object
texture
the look and feel of a rock's surface
channel
the means by which a message is communicated
dispersal
the movement of organisms from one place to another
transportation
the moving of goods or people from one place to another
congress
the national legislative body of a country.
presidency
the office and function of president
census
the official count of a population
introduction
the opening section of a speech
sequence
the order in which things happen or should happen
prose
the ordinary form of written language
exterior
the outer side or surface of something
periphery
the outermost part or boundary
subconscious
the part of the mind's function of which you are not aware
station
the place or position where a person or thing stands or is assigned to stand; a post
studio
the place where an artist works
ability
the power or skill to do something
cannibalism
the practice of eating the flesh of one's own species.
conservation
the principle that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects
modeling
the process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
dignity
the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect
repertoire
the range of pieces an artist is prepared to perform
coordinate
the real number that corresponds to a point
relevance
the relation of something to the matter at hand
scale
the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole
consequence
the result of an action
authority
the right to use power
behaviorism
the science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only
pathology
the scientific study of disease
latter
the second of two or the second mentioned of two
hormone
the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue on which it has a specific effect
block
the section of a street between two other streets
prostitution
the selling of sexual services
flank
the side or edge of a military formation
creep
the slow downhill movement of weathered rock material
minimum
the smallest possible amount
function
the special, normal, or proper activity of an organ or part
racing
the sport of engaging in contests of speed
poverty
the state of being poor
kinship
the state of being related to others
permanence
the state or quality of lasting or remaining unchanged indefinitely.
coupon
the stated interest payment made on a bond
genetics
the study of heredity
semiotics
the study of signs
meteorology
the study of weather
economic
the system in a country that involves making, buying, and selling goods
the system used for sending letters and packages from one person to another
march
the third month of the year
radiation
the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
antecedent
the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers
ordinate
the y-coordinate of an ordered pair
fibrous
threadlike
sculpture
three dimensional work of art, statue
triple
threefold; consisting of three parts
hurl
throw forcefully; shout out violently
frustrate
thwart; defeat; prevent from accomplishing a purpose
overtime
time worked beyond the regular hours
drowsy
tired or sleepy
somewhat
to a small degree or extent
forsake
to abandon, to give up, to renounce
assimilate
to absorb fully; to adopt as one's own; to adapt fully
adjust
to adapt
diversify
to add variety to
modulate
to adjust or adapt to a certain level or proportion; to regulate
accede
to agree
overgraze
to allow livestock to strip areas so bare that plants cannot grow back
glaze
to apply a liquid that forms a glossy coating
brush
to apply sauce, melted fat, or other liquid with a basting or pastry brush
dispute
to argue
inquire
to ask for information
interrogate
to ask questions, examine by questioning
allege
to assert without proof or confirmation
ascribe
to assign or refer to
ambush
to attack from a place of hiding
evade
to avoid
eschew
to avoid, shun, keep away from
afford
to be able to pay for
drift
to be carried away by water or air
predominate
to be greatest in number or importance
preside
to be in charge
govern
to be in charge of; to control or rule
linger
to be slow in leaving or going away
prosper
to be successful
lack
to be without
deserve
to be worthy of
entreat
to beg, implore, ask earnestly
germinate
to begin to grow, come into being
subscribe
to believe in; to feel approval or agreement
credit
to believe that someone will do something
snap
to bite quickly
reflect
to bounce back
decompose
to break down
degenerate
to break down; to deteriorate
shatter
to break into pieces suddenly
interrupt
to break into someone's conversation
violate
to break, as a law or a promise
spark
to bring about
spawn
to bring forth; to produce a large number
regenerate
to bring into existence again
terminate
to bring to an end
subdue
to bring under control
reference
to bring up; to mention
scorch
to burn slightly
redeem
to buy back, make amends
purchase
to buy something
evoke
to call forth
cancel
to call off or do away with
convene
to call together
summon
to call together, to send for or to request to appear
revoke
to cancel
import
to carry into the country
execute
to carry out
commit
to carry out or do
sculpt
to carve
trigger
to cause an action that causes a greater reaction
pique
to cause resentment; to provoke
perpetuate
to cause to continue
amend
to change for the better
reform
to change for the better
convert
to change from one form to another
transform
to change in form or appearance
indict
to charge with a crime; accuse
pursue
to chase
pursuit
to chase
swindle
to cheat out of money or property
categorize
to classify
glean
to collect bit by bit; to gather with patient labor
emanate
to come forth; to send forth
tangle
to come into conflict; to fight or argue
converge
to come together
collide
to come together with great force
formulate
to come up with; devise
grouse
to complain
squeeze
to compress with violence, out of natural shape or condition
focus
to concentrate
denounce
to condemn
validate
to confirm, support, corroborate
overcome
to conquer
persist
to continue
regulate
to control
suborn
to convince someone to lie or commit a crime
proper
to correct
revise
to correct or improve
wrap
to cover (something) by winding or folding a piece of material around it
encrust
to cover with a layer of something
quadruple
to create four times as much or as many of something
traverse
to cross
huddle
to crowd together
crumple
to crush together or press into wrinkles
slice
to cut into thin, flat pieces
bisect
to cut into two pieces
shred
to cut or break into thin pieces
handle
to deal with
determine
to decide
devote
to dedicate
exact
to demand of/from
rely
to depend on
portray
to depict
dismay
to destroy courage or resolution; to cause to lose enthusiasm, to disillusion
compute
to determine by mathematics
detect
to discover something not easily noticed
mechanize
to do by machine
transact
to do or carry on business
smoothly
to do something easily with no trouble
accomplish
to do, make happen, succeed in, carry through
diagram
to draw a detailed picture of; to map out
elicit
to draw forth
percolate
to drip through a small opening or to filter a liquid
pulse
to drive
flag
to droop; grow weak
encase
to enclose
surround
to enclose on all sides
desegregate
to end segregation
invade
to enter by force in order to take over
institute
to establish, set up; organization that promotes learning
scan
to examine closely
scrutinize
to examine closely
coexist
to exist at the same time or in the same place
define
to explain the exact meaning of a particular word or idea
erupt
to explode; to break out with force
crow
to express great satisfaction or pride, especially about one's own success
lament
to express sorrow; to grieve
default
to fail to act
collapse
to fall down suddenly
spellbind
to fascinate
sense
to feel
annoyed
to feel bothered or irritated
combat
to fight
acquit
to find not guilty of a fault or crime
ascertain
to find out
locate
to find something
track
to follow
compel
to force someone to do something
divine
to foretell or know by inspiration
interfere
to get in between two people when it is not your problem or issue
prepare
to get ready
dispose
to get rid of
eliminate
to get rid of
familiarize
to get to know, to acquaint, to get accustomed to
harbor
to give shelter or refuge
forfeit
to give up
resign
to give up a job, an office, or a right or claim
surpass
to go beyond
proceed
to go forward
review
to go over
accompany
to go with
surmise
to guess
bequeath
to hand down, to give or to leave in a will
abhor
to hate
possess
to have or to own
assistance
to help
dissimulate
to hide or disguise one's true thoughts, feelings, or intentions
stem
to hold back or limit the flow or growth of something
cling
to hold on tightly to somebody/something
retain
to hold or keep
grovel
to humble oneself in a demeaning way
stalk
to hunt, pursue
haste
to hurry
diagnose
to identify a disease through symptoms
overlook
to ignore
mimic
to imitate
enrich
to improve the quality of something
encompass
to include
entail
to include as a necessary step
multiply
to increase in number
inaugurate
to install in office with a formal ceremony
enlist
to join the armed forces
hop
to jump
warrant
to justify or deserve
maintain
to keep
ooze
to leak out slowly
memorize
to learn by heart
omit
to leave out; to not send
raise
to lift up
illuminate
to light up
heed
to listen to
speculate
to look at and think about something from different points of view
inspect
to look at carefully
uphold
to maintain or support in the face of possible opposition
embarrass
to make (someone) feel confused and foolish in front of other people
duplicate
to make an identical copy or double of something; to repeat
improve
to make better
illustrate
to make clear by examples or pictures
swallow
to make food or drink go down your throat and towards your stomach
impair
to make imperfect, damage, harm
reveal
to make known
magnify
to make larger
enact
to make legal or official
lengthen
to make longer
stimulate
to make more active
reproduce
to make more of the same kind
liquefy
to make or become liquid
legislate
to make or enact laws
enforce
to make people obey a rule or law
trivialize
to make seem unimportant, to present as trivial
enslave
to make someone a slave
deceive
to make someone believe something that is not true
realization
to make something real
spin
to make thread by twisting together cotton, wool, etc.
utilize
to make use of
aggravate
to make worse
rejuvenate
to make young again
thaw
to melt
groan
to moan
temper
to moderate; soften
qualify
to modify or restrict
circulate
to move around
retreat
to move away from the enemy
shuttle
to move back and forth often between two places
migrate
to move from one place to another
immigrate
to move permanently to a new country
settle
to move to and set up a new place to live
flap
to move up and down
assassinate
to murder for political reasons
require
to need something
synchronize
to occur at the same time; simultaneous
tender
to offer formally
patent
to open
rally
to organize or inspire
besiege
to overwhelm; to surround and attack
pack
to pack
infiltrate
to pass through or gain entrance
dot
to place small pieces of butter or another food over the surface of a food
deploy
to position or arrange
extol
to praise highly
prosecute
to press charges against
bloom
to produce flowers
guarantee
to promise
advertise
to promote goods or services
enunciate
to pronounce clearly
endow
to provide with a quality, a thing, or a gift of money
prize
to pry, press or force with a lever
attract
to pull into something; to pull into oneself
lace
to pull or hold together using a cord or string
repel
to push away
exert
to put forth or bring to bear
implement
to put into effect
verbalize
to put into words
postpone
to put off until later
extinguish
to put out, as a fire or a light
quench
to put out, extinguish, end
compare
to put things together to see how they are the same
remodel
to reconstruct
foreshorten
to reduce the length of; curtail or abridge
spurn
to refuse with scorn, disdain
alleviate
to relieve
depend
to rely on
strip
to remove
drain
to remove liquid from a food product
renovate
to repair, restore to good condition, make new again
proliferate
to reproduce, increase, or spread rapidly
buck
to resist
float
to rest on top of a liquid
paraphrase
to restate in other words
betray
to reveal or make known something, usually unintentionally
transcend
to rise above
scurry
to run quickly, scamper, hurry
surge
to rush suddenly
reiterate
to say again, repeat
blame
to say or think that a person or thing is responsible for something bad that has happened
apologize
to say sorry
accuse
to say that someone has done something wrong
deny
to say that something is not true
disseminate
to scatter or spread widely
disperse
to scatter, spread far and wide
scrape
to scratch
discern
to see clearly, recognize
canvass
to seek votes or opinions; to conduct a survey
radiate
to send out rays; to beam or shine
emit
to send out; to give forth, as in sound or light
admit
to send someone in; to allow someone to enter
isolate
to separate from others
exemplify
to serve as an example of
reschedule
to set a new time for something
liberate
to set free
ignite
to set on fire, cause to burn; to heat up, excite
establish
to set up
compromise
to settle differences
rattle
to shake and make a noise
stun
to shock; to daze
demonstrate
to show clearly
dote
to show excessive fondness for
relate
to show how things are alike or connected
manipulate
to skillfully operate by hand
slumber
to sleep
lapse
to slide, fall, sag
hinder
to slow or impede the progress of
contradict
to speak against; to say the opposite
preach
to speak puplicly in church; to deliver a sermon, to give a lecture
exclaim
to speak suddenly and with strong feeling
address
to speak to
overlap
to speak when someone else is speaking
spew
to spit out
ruin
to spoil or destroy something completely
patronize
to sponsor or support; to be kind or helpful in a snobbish way, as if dealing with an inferior
diffuse
to spread or scatter freely or widely
bounce
to spring back after hitting something
navigate
to steer or direct a ship or airplane
quit
to stop
suppress
to stop by force, put down
fortify
to strengthen, build up
imply
to suggest
propose
to suggest
irrigate
to supply water to
endorse
to support
adventure
to take a chance or risk; to dare
exploit
to take advantage of
deprive
to take away
detract
to take away
deduct
to take away; subtract
grab
to take hold of something or someone suddenly
adopt
to take into your family
perform
to take part in a public show
expropriate
to take possession of
replace
to take the place of
domesticate
to tame; to bring plants or animals under human control
flavor
to taste
sap
to taste
distinguish
to tell apart; to cause to stand out
recount
to tell in detail
chronical
to tell or write the history of
ponder
to think about
muse
to think about in a dreamy way, ponder
flourish
to thrive, to grow well
eject
to throw out
strive
to try hard
lobby
to try to persuade
avert
to turn away
distort
to twist out of shape
perceive
to understand, know, become aware of
recycle
to use again
exhaust
to use up; to drain
substantiate
to verify, confirm
rouse
to wake or provoke
leach
to wash nutrients out of the soil
rinse
to wash something in clean water
atrophy
to waste away
erode
to wear away gradually, eat away
scourge
to whip, punish severely
operate
to work
resist
to work or fight against
concern
to worry
bundle
to wrap something in many layers
graph
to write
script
to write
refrigerate
to ~ something means to make it cold.
tedious
too long, slow, or dull: tiresome or monotonous.
shovel
tool used for digging
twist
tort
tickle
touch (the body) lightly so as to cause laughter; please
dorsal
toward the back
conservative
traditional
discipline
training to improve strength or self-control
recessive
trait of an organism that can be masked by the dominant form of a trait
delta
triangular area of marshland formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of some rivers
reliance
trust, confidence, dependence
melody
tune
vaporize
turn into vapor
invert
turn upside down
molecule
two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
term
two-year period of time during which Congress meets
inaccessible
unable to be reached
captive
unable to escape or get away
insolvent
unable to pay debts owed
objective
unbiased; not subjective
immutable
unchangeable
discrete
unconnected; separate; distinct
raw
uncooked
submarine
underwater
rumor
unfounded information spread among people
hostile
unfriendly
negligible
unimportant; insignificant
far-fetched
unlikely to happen
distasteful
unpleasant, disagreeable
erratic
unpredictable
illusory
unreal or imagined; deceiving
dogged
unrelenting; persistent
rampant
unrestrained
reluctant
unwilling
loath
unwilling, reluctant
aloft
upward; high up in the air
soybean
used in making flour and oil and as a food
meaningful
useful, serious, or important
haunt
v. 1. to stay in one's mind continually; 2. to visit frequently; 3. to appear in the form of a ghost.
fascinate
v. To attract; to strongly hold the interest of.
resent
v. To be indignant at, as an injury or insult.
explode
v. To cause to burst in pieces by force from within.
congest
v. To collect into a mass.
outlive
v. To continue to exist after.
donate
v. To give to those in need, often through an organization.
enroll
v. To sign up to become a member of some group or activity; to register.
fumigate
v. To subject to the action of smoke or fumes, especially for disinfection.
burrow
v. to dig a hole or tunnel into or under something
mock
v. to make fun of
blur
v. to make something difficult to see
attach
v. to tie together; to connect
steer
v.驾驶,为...操舵;引导 n.食用公牛
commodity
valuable product
worth
value
assortment
variety
media
various methods for communicating information
automobile
vehicle capable of moving on its own
furious
very angry
magnificent
very beautiful and impressive
packed
very crowded
opposite
very different from
ardent
very enthusiastic, impassioned
turbulent
very excited or upset
intimate
very familiar
extreme
very great in degree
momentous
very important
fascinating
very interesting
tremendous
very large or great
ancient
very old; of a long time ago
microwave
very short electromagnetic wave
cramped
very small and tightly packed
minute
very small; tiny
fierce
very strong or violent
extraordinary
very unusual; remarkable
precious
very valuable
mural
wall painting
cordial
warm and friendly
alert
watchful; wide awake
vigilance
watchfulness
continuity
we perceive smooth, continuous patterns rather than discontinuous ones
dimensional
well-rounded
construction
what is built; buildings that are created or produced
remains
what is left
date
when the document is written (includes the day, month, and year written)
pigeon
wild and domesticated birds having a heavy body and short legs
generous
willing to give and share unstintingly
patient
willing to wait without complaining
generic
without a trademark; general
reckless
without responsibility; careless
diction
word choice
verbiage
wordiness
part-time
working less than full-time
trauma
wound or injury
textile
woven cloth
rug
wrinkle, fold, crease
compose
write or create
zinc
zinc
sensible
明智的; 理智的; 合理的
alga
海藻
gull
海鸥
pronounced
(adj) distinct, strong, clearly indicated
relevant
(adj.) connected with or related to the matter at hand
frugal
(adj.) economical, avoiding waste and luxury; scanty, poor, meager
eminent
(adj.) famous, outstanding, distinguished; projecting
congenial
(adj.) getting on well with others; agreeable, pleasant
auxiliary
(adj.) giving assistance or support; (n.) a helper, aid
utmost
(adj.) greatest, highest, farthest; (n.) the extreme limit
arrogant
(adj.) haughty, too convinced of one's own importance
skeptical
(adj.) inclined to doubt; slow to accept something as true
naïve
(adj.) innocent, unsophisticated, showing lack of worldly knowledge and experience
legitimate
(adj.) lawful, rightful; reasonable, justifiable
synthetic
(adj.) made or put together by people; (n.) something artificial
pathetic
(adj.) marked by strong emotion, especially pity and sorrow; able to move people emotionally; worthy of pity; woefully inadequate
sparse
(adj.) meager, scant; scattered
ample
(adj.) more than enough, large, spacious