UNIT 1
Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study
the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving
Wilhelm Wundt is best known as the founder of
Structuralism
Research on human mating preferences suggests that men place greater value on physical attractiveness and youthfulness, whereas women place greater value on social status and financial resources. Which of the following psychological points of view best explains this behavior?
Evolutionary
William James is best known as the founder of
Functionalism
Research in the field of positive psychology is most supportive of which of the following conclusions?
Perception of control is related to a sense of well-being.
Of the following topics, which would a cognitive psychologist be most likely to study?
Problem-solving strategies in chess
The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following theoretical perspectives?
Psychoanalytic
What is evolutionary psychology concerned with
mating strategies
Which of the following characterizes a behavioral approach to psychology?
A study of how reinforcement affects learning
Rocio is continually learning new skills and gaining insights into herself. Although she is not experiencing any distress, she chooses to see a therapist. This primary emphasis on growth is most reflective of which of the following perspectives?
Humanistic
Descartes is best known as the founder of
Rationalism
Cognitive theorists emphasize the
formation and modification of schemas
An important difference between humanistic and psychoanalytic approaches is that humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of
free will
Introspection, a research tool used by early psychologists, is a technique which involves
self-examination of mental processes
Although Paul seems bright and capable to his parents and friends, he has been failing in school. Paul agrees to speak with a psychologist, who suggests that his problems stem from internal processes such as unrealistic expectations and negative thinking. The psychologist's view is typical of which of the following models of behavior?
Cognitive
The notion that human behavior is greatly influenced by unconscious thoughts and desires is most consistent with which of the following psychological approaches?
Psychodynamic
Which of the following studies is from an evolutionary perspective?
A study to see if women were more attracted to men who liked children than men who did not like children
John B. Watson is best known as the founder of
Behaviorism
Which of the following approaches to psychology emphasizes observable responses over inner experiences when accounting for behavior?
Behaviorist
Which theoretical perspective in psychology attempts to characterize the way in which humans store and process sensory information?
Cognitive
What field of psychology is most appropriate to analyze the efficiency of businesses in their hiring, basic training, and management leadership skills training?
Comparative
Which of the following perspectives suggests that depression is due to the unconscious conflicts and hostile feelings that originate in early childhood?
Psychoanalytic
Psychodynamic therapy has its roots in the theories of
Sigmund Freud
An industrial-organizational psychologist would be most likely to study the
effectiveness of management training
According to Wilhelm Wundt, the focus of scientific psychology should be the study of
conscious experience
Of the following, a behavioral psychologist is most likely to study the
effects of token economies on establishing social skills among children with emotional disturbances
In psychology, Gestalt principles are used to explain
perceptual organization
An evolutionary psychologist would explain that humans desire social interaction, social acceptance, and social affiliation due to a need for
survival