Unit 13 - Thermochemistry

Nonrenewable Energy Source (J.G)

Most fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal are considered nonrenewable resources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years (J.G)

Law of Conservation of Energy (J.G)

States that energy is neither created nor destroyed

Endothermic (J.G)

a chemical reaction or process in which a greater amount of energy is required to break the existing bonds in the reactants than is released when the new bonds form in the product molecules (J.G)

Exothermic (J.G)

a chemical reaction or process in which more energy is released than is required to break bonds in the initial reactants (J.G)

Heat (J.G)

a form of energy that flows from a warmer object to a cooler object (J.G)

Calorimeter (J.G)

an insulated device that is used to measure the amount of heat released or absorbed during a physical or chemical process (J.G)

Renewable Energy Source (J.G)

generally defined as energy that comes from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat.[2] Renewable energy replaces conventional fuels in four distinct areas: electricity generation, hot water/space heating, motor fuels, and rural (off-grid) energy services (J.G)

Universe (J.G)

in thermochemistry is the system plus the surroundings (J.G)

Surroundings (J.G)

in thermochemistry, includes everything in the universe except the system (J.G)

System (J.G)

in thermochemistry, the specific part of the universe containing the reaction or process being studied (J.G)

Joule (J.G)

the SI unit of heat and energy (J.G)

Specific Heat (J.G)

the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a given substance by one degree Celsius (J.G)

Calorie (J.G)

the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of pure water by one degree Celsius (J.G)

Thermochemistry (J.G)

the branch of chemistry concerned with the quantities of heat evolved or absorbed during chemical reactions (J.G)

Energy (J.G)

the capacity to do work or produce heat; exists as potential energy, which is stored in an object due to its composition or position, and kinetic energy, which is the energy of motion (J.G)

Chemical Potential Energy (J.G)

the energy stored in a substance because of its composition; most is released or absorbed as heat during chemical reactions or processes (J.G)

Absolute Zero (J.G)

the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible, at which the motion of particles that constitutes heat would be minimal. It is zero on the Kelvin scale (J.G)