Unit 14 Module 76

Describe the three causes of social loafing.

People acting as part of a group feel less accountable. Group members may view their individual contributions as dispensable. Unless highly motivated and strongly identified with the group, people may free ride on others' efforts.

What do we call the improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others? a. Social facilitation b. Group behavior c. Social loafing d. Deindividuation e. Group polarization

A

Which of the following is most likely to occur when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives? a. Group polarization b. Groupthink c. Social loafing d. Norming e. Prejudice

B

What do we call the enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next? a. Deindividuation b. Norms c. Social facilitation d. Culture e. Social control

D

Which of the following terms or phrases best describes the behavior of rowdy fans yelling obscenities at a football or soccer referee after a controversial penalty has been called? a. Culture b. Social facilitation c. Groupthink d. Deindividuation e. Group polarization

D

Define groupthink and group polarization. Then, provide an example of each.

Groupthink can be defined as 'the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmon in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives'. An example of groupthink: When NASA did not stop Challenger Space Shuttle launching even when they knew about possible failure. Group polarization can be described as 'the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion with the group'. An example of group polarization: Racial hate groups like Ku Klux Klan.

You are organizing a Town Hall-style meeting of fiercely competitive political candidates. To add to the fun, friends have suggested handing out masks of the candidates' faces for supporters to wear. What phenomenon might these masks engage?

The anonymity provided by the masks, combined with the arousal of the contentious setting, might create deindividuation (lessened self-awareness and self-restraint).