Unit 2 - Lec Quiz Biochemistry intro

electronegativity: Of the elements H, C, N and O, which has the highest electronegativity? 1. H 2. C 3. N 4. O

4

Chem: will water molecules be attracted to amino acids, proteins and nucleotides? a. no, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids are hydrophobic b. no, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids are hydrophilic c. yes, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids are hydrophilic d. yes, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids are hydrophobic

C

Organic molecule image, found in proteins: The ________ functional group can act as a weak base and the _________group can act as an acid, thus this molecule is called ___________________ a. phosphate= base; amino= acid; amphiphilic b. carbonyl= base; amino = acid; amphipathic c. amino= base; carboxyl= acid; amphoteric d. methyl=base; amino= acid; ambivalent

C

Rank the strength of hydrogen, covalent and ionic bonds in an aqueous environment such as the cytoplasm of a cell. a, strongest hydrogen> intermediate covalent> weakest ionic b. strongest ionic> intermediate covalent> weakest hydrogen c. strongest covalent> intermediate ionic> weakest hydrogen

C

Which pair matching level of protein structure to stabilizing bonds/attractive forces is incorrect/false? a. primary structure: stabilized by covalent peptide bonds b. secondary structure: stabilized by hydrogen bonds between residues of amino and carboxyl groups of the peptide "backbone" c. primary structure: stabilized by "R group: R group" interactions d. tertiary structure stabilized by "R group: R group" interactions e. quaternary structure stabilized by "R group: R group" interactions

C

chem: Which chemical is more stable, DNA or RNA? Why?

DNA; deoxyribose is more stable than ribose

Will disease-causing prions be denatured at 121 degrees Celsius/15 psi/20 minutes?

No way!

True or False? All cells have DNA as their genetic information however viruses will use either DNA or RNA as their genetic information

True

Covalent bonds: When 2 hydrogen atoms form covalent bonds, or 2 carbon atoms or 2 oxygen atoms form covalent bonds, will the covalent bonds be polar or non-polar? Why? a. non-polar; both atoms forming the covalent bond have the same electronegativity and will thus share electrons equally b. non-polar; both atoms forming the covalent bond have unequal electronegativity and will thus unequally share electrons c. polar; both atoms forming the covalent bond have unequal electronegativity and will thus unequally share electrons d. polar; both atoms forming the covalent bond have equal electronegativity and will thus equally share electrons

a

The human antibody/immunoglobulin IgG consists of 4 polypeptide chains. Which is the highest level of protein structure which IgG exhibits? a. quaternary b. tertiary c. secondary d. primary

a

all of the following can denature proteins except (best answer) a. cold b. heat c. mechanical "abuse" d. acids or bases e. heavy metals

a

All atoms of the same element will have the same number of________________; this number is called the ______ (choose correct pair) a. protons; atomic number b. neutrons: mass number c. electrons: charge number d. neutrinos: Avogadro's number

a - protons; atomic number

Chem: What are 2 structural differences between DNA and RNA? a. DNA contains deoxyribose and uracil; RNA contains ribose and thymine b. DNA contains deoxyribose and thymine; RNA contains ribose and uracil c. DNA contains cytosine and ribose; RNA contains guanine and deoxyribose d. DNA contains adenine and deoxyribose; RNA contains thymine and ribose

b

Chemical bonding is determined by the _________ shell of electrons, called the ______________electrons. a. innermost shell; Schrödinger's b. outermost shell; valence c. middle shell; valet d. nuclear shell; neulance

b

What ultimately determines the amino acid sequence of a cellular protein? a. the RNA sequence of the protein's gene b. the DNA sequence of the protein's gene c. the number of each of the 21 different amino acids in the protein d. whether the protein is made by ribosomes or by liposomes

b

Unfolding of a protein is called __________ and causes the ________ of protein function a. regeneration; gain b. renaturation; gain c. denaturation; loss d. hydrolysis; loss

c

Chem: This image represents a monomer which, when joined into chains, makes a protein. What is the name of this monomer? a. glucose b. nucleotide c. amino acid d. lipid

c - amino acid

Hydrogen bonds: Hydrogen bonds will form when 2 different atoms involved in 2 different _______________covalent bonds are attracted to each other. One of the atoms must be a H carrying a partial __________ charge. a. non-polar; negative b. polar; negative c. polar; positive d. non-polar; positive

c - polar; positive

Chem: polymers of nucleotides make up _________________________________ a. proteins b. polysaccharides c. disaccharides d. nucleic acids, DNA and RNA

d

The specific order of amino acids in a protein is called_____________________structure and is responsible for all higher levels of structure and thus the protein's _______________ a. quaternary; value b. tertiary; function c. secondary; DNA sequence d. primary; function

d

Which level of protein structures determines all higher levels of structure and thus the protein's function? a. tertiary b. quaternary c. secondary d. primary

d

In these 2 images, which type of bond is represented by the dotted lines between the oxygen and hydrogen?

hydrogen bond

Covalent bonds: When C and H form a covalent bond, will it be a polar or non-polar covalent bond?

non-polar