Unit 3 APES Study Guide

The snowshoe hare (a member of the rabbit family) is the primary prey for the Canadian lynx. The Canadian lynx is a wild feline that is slightly larger than a bobcat. Scientists plan to investigate the relative sizes of the hare and the lynx populations over a 3-year period. Based on predator-prey dynamics, which of the following identifies the hypothesis most likely to be supported by the study?

An increase in the lynx population size will lead to a decrease in the hare population size.

Refer to the five graphs shown below. These illustrate different relationships between populations and time. Which graph best illustrates a population growing at its biotic potential?

B

Which of the following best describes a country in stage 2 of the demographic transition, based on the model shown below?

Birth rates are high and death rates are declining, and the population is increasing rapidly.

A, B, C, and D represent population growth curves. E represents the carrying capacity. Represents the growth of a population predicted by the logistic model

C

Certain lizards display a survivorship curve where the chance of survival is independent of age. Which line on the graph best depicts the survivorship of these lizards?

C

In the graph below charting the growth of a population of organisms, the line labeled K represents the...

Carrying capacity of the population

Based on the data in the age structure diagram, which of the following best describes the population of Country A?

Country A is fairly stable, and birth rates are low.

Dandelions grow quickly and produce many seeds, ensuring that at least some plants will survive and produce seeds themselves. Which curve best represents the survivorship of dandelions?

D

Which of the following age structure diagrams represents a population that most lik has a negative growth rate?

D

The following histograms show age structures expressed as percentage of populations for Countries I, Il, and III in 1990. Countries undergoing rapid populations growth include which of the following?

I only

Factors that affect the total fertility rate of a human population include which of the following? I. Cultural traditions II. Government policies and economic incentives III. Education level and economic opportunities for females

I, II, and III

Based on the data in the graph, which of the following best identifies the reproductive strategy ornaibor seal?

K-selected

The graph below shows the total fertility rate in 2010 for several countries. Which of the following statements best describes the trends in the data shown in the graph above?

More-developed countries tend to have lower total fertility rates than less-developed countries.

Raccoons eat a variety of foods and can live in a variety of habitats, including locations near humans. Tiger salamanders eat an abundance of worms and insects and require wetland habitats so they do not dry out. Which of the following best identifies the two different species?

Raccoons are generalists, and salamanders are specialists

Salamanders, ospreys, snapping turtles, and beavers all live in aquatic habitats. Salamanders lay their eggs in small freshwater pools and feed on insects. Osprey habitats include rivers, bays, and swamps and the birds feed on fish and other animals in the water or on land. Snapping turtles live in fresh or brackish water and feed on plants, fish, frogs, and snakes. Beavers build lodges on islands, pond banks, and lake shores and eat a variety of shrubs, grasses, and crops. Based on the informat

Salamanders

Figure 1 shows the population sizes for the moose population and the wolf population on Isle Royale. Which of the following claims is best supported by the data in the graph for the population of wolves between 1975 and 1985?

The population declined following depletion of food resources after a population overshoot

The spotted lanternfly is a herbivorous insect that is native to Asia and feeds on over 70 species of plants. The feeding behavior of the spotted lanternfly damages plants, and the nymph and adult lanternflies secrete sticky residues that exacerbate the damage to native plant species by promoting mold growth. The spotted lanternfly reproduces once during its lifetime by laying between 30 and 50 eggs, and the eggs hatch after a short amount of time. The range of the spotted lanternfly is increasi

The spotted later fly is an r-selected and invasive species

Which of the following is a true statement about the total fertility of a society?

The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.

As a country goes through the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes place during which phase?

The transitional

The world population growth rate in 2015 is about 1 percent. It is expected to drop to 0.5 percent by 2050, partly because of increased access to birth control in developing nations. Another likely cause for the expected decline is

increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations

Figure 1 shows the population sizes for the moose population and the wolf population on Isle Royale. Based on the data in Figure 1, which of the following is the best estimate of the carrying capacity of the moose population?

1,500

If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is

1.6%

The country of Sudan has an estimated annual growth rate of 2 percent. At this rate of growth, approximately how many years will it take for the population of Sudan to double?

35 years

The curves show two possible patterns of change in population size over time for a certain species of small mammal in an ecosystem. Population growing exponentially

A

Which curve in the graph best represents a K-selected species?

A