Unit 3 plate tectonics

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

What were Alfred Wegener's 4 pieces of evidence to support his theory of continental drift?

1. Perfect fit of continents 2. Fossils correlation 3. Rock Mountain correlation 4. Past Climate Data

What is the minimum number of seismic stations needed to determine the epicenter of an Earthquake?

3

Describe s waves and how they move?

S waves (second waves) move only through solids. Travel slower than P waves (primary waves)

The process by which new ocean lithosphere forms at mid-ocean ridge...

Sea Flooring

Which statement is true about P/S waves

Shear waves travel slower than Compressional Waves

This plate movement occurs when one plate moves under another plate.

Subduction

The Marinas Trench near Japan is the result of which plate boundary?

Subduction Boundary

What can be done to minimize death and/or destruction in an earthquake prone area?

Lessen the population, Have less tall building built, and Build with better enforcement for building.

Which is used to measure Earthquakes?

Mercalli Scale, Moment Magnitude, and Ritcher Scale

This feature occurs when two continental plates collide with one another

Mountain Range

Which Seismic wave is most destructive?

Surface Wave

Describes what happen at a convergent when an oceanic plate and continental plates are colliding?

Oceanic Crust is destroyed and new Continental Crust is created

An Earthquake epicenter is

On the surface directly above the focus

Why is it important to have data from three different locations to determine where the epicenter of an earthquake is?

One seismograph tells you nothing. Two seismographs are ambiguous. Three is the absolute minimum needed to triangulate, assuming accurately synchronized arrival times of the shock waves.

Which layer are S waves and NOT able to travel through

Outer core

What are the two abundant elements found within the earth's crust

Oxygen and Iron and aluminium, and silicon

Describes p waves and how they move.

P waves (primary wave) move through all states of matter. Travel faster then s waves (secondary wave).

The large land mass that Alfred Wegner proposed

Pangaea

The theory that earth is divided into moving plates

Plate Tectonic

Focus

Point at the depth where the rocks ruptured to produce earthquakes; place where quake waves originate

P waves

Primary waves. Can go through solids and liquids.

What is continental crust mostly made of, what is oceanic crust mostly made of? How does this affect their density?

The continental crust is made of granitic. The Oceanic crust is made of basalt. Effects the weight of the crust.

When the dozen or so plates on the Earth's crust they create land forms (True or False)

True

S waves

secondary waves. Can only go through solids

Which waves causes the most damage

seismic wave

Surface Waves

seismic waves that travel along the Earth's surface. Are most destructive waves.

Crust

the layer that we live on and is the most widely studied and understood

outer core

the metal are in all liquid state

Epicenter

the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake

Pangaea

the super continent where all the continents were once joined.

What causes earthquakes?

transform plates move past each other and caused by a sudden slip on a fault.

This plate movement occurs when two plates move apart

Divergent Boundary

What is a hot spot? How do they create chain of islands?

A hot spot is are volcanic regions thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is extremely hot compared with the surrounding mantle. They create chains of islands by volcanoes eruption

Divergent Boundary

A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.

Transform Boundary

A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions

Convergent Boundary

A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other.

Hot spot

An area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it

Mid-Ocean Ridge

An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary.

The lithosphere is the crust and the upper most part of the mantle, it floats on the...

Asthenosphere

What type of boundary is crust destroyed?

At a Convergent boundary

At what type of boundary is new crust created

At a Convergent boundary crust is considered new

Describe what happens at a transform boundary

At a transform boundary the plates slide past eachother and causes faults in the earths crust and sometimes causes earthquake.

The oceanic crust is mostly made of (blank)

Basaltic Rock

Similar fossils found on different continents is evidence for....

Continental Drift

The hypothesis that states the continents were once a large mass that broke apart.

Continental Drift

The theory that states the continents were once formed a super continents called Pangaea

Continental Drift

Plate movement is thought to be caused by

Convection Currents

The Himalayas were formed when by type of plate boundary?

Convergent Boundary

Describe what happens at a divergent boundary when two oceanic plates are spreading apart.

Creates mid ocean ridge

Describe what happens at a divergent boundary where two continental boundary are spreading apart.

Creates rift valley

Which interior layer are P waves able to travel through

Crust, Mantle, inner and outer core

Warm Magma rises while cooler magma sinks because of difference in...

Density

The MOR (mid oceanic ridge) is an example of what type of plate boundary?

Divergent Boundary

Describe 3 things to minimize death and destruction in an earthquake prone area

Having buildings be appropriately made with the right material for the occasion, more sturdy gas poles and electric poles, and then building houses with appropriate material

The Hawaiian formed over a (blank)

Hot Spot

Continental Drift

The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations

What are the layers of the earth from outside-in? Where is the lithosphere located?

The layers from the outside to the inside are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The lithosphere is located in the crust and the upper part of the mantle.

What does magnetosphere protect us from? How does this create Aurora Borealis (northern lights)?

The magnetosphere saves us from solar and cosmic radiation. Creates the northern lights by the magnetic field and collides with gas atoms causing the atoms to give off lights

The San Andreas Fault in California is the result of what plate boundary?

Transform

The plate movement occurs when two plates slide past one another

Transform Boundary

Plate Tectonics explains how forces below the earths surface have shaped our land forms (True or False)

True

Tectonic plates move in different directions and at different speeds (True or False)

True

Tsunami

Underground Earthquake

What are the steps using the wedge method to find the distance to an earthquakes epicenter?

Using your compass, draw a circle with a radius equal to the number you came up with in Step #2 (the radius is the distance from the center of a circle to its edge). The center of the circle will be the location of your seismograph. The epicenter of the earthquake is somewhere on the edge of that circle.

Why do earthquakes often caused damaging fires?

Vibrations can cause gas and power lines to break

What forms when 2 oceanic plates collide

Volcanic Islands

Where are earthquakes and volcanoes on earth found. What is this location specifically called?

Volcanoes and Earthquakes are commonly found Destructive Plate Boundaries or constructive plate boundaries.

What force changes land form?

Weathering, Erosion, and Humans

What causes erosion ( The movement of sediment from one location to another)?

Wind, Ice, and Wind

The oceanic crust is (blank) compared to the continental crust.

Younger

Volcanic Arc

a chain of volcanic mountains formed at an ocean-continental convergent boundary

Fault

a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other

Rift

a split, break, breach

Earthquake

a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action.

Alfred Wegener

came up with the theory of continental drift

Trench

extremely deep areas in the ocean that are created by a subducting plate

Describe what happens at a convergent boundary when two continental plates are colliding?

forms mountain ranges

what two elements found within the cores?

iron and nickle

Mantle

is much hotter and has the ability to flow

inner core

metals are squeezed together. are forced to vibrate in place like a solid.


संबंधित स्टडी सेट्स

Ch. 19: Everyday Theology (THEO 104 LUO)

View Set

N450 - Perry Potter Ch 29 - Blood Transfusions

View Set

ATI RN Fundamentals Online Practice 2019 A

View Set

Chapter 28 Pathophysiology NCLEX-Style Review Questions

View Set