Unit 8 Storage and Medical Devices

Describe oxygen

- Colorless, odorless, transparent, & tasteless - Has density of 1.429 g/L - 3.3 ml of O2 dissolves in 100 ml of water - Nonflammable but greatly accelerates combustion

Cyclopropane

Orange

What are the characteristics of gas

Oxygen Air Carbon Dioxide Helium Nitric Oxide Nitrous Oxide

opens and vents gas at a set high pressure.

spring loaded

State the pounds per square inch gauge (psig) and flow capabilities required by large hospital air compressor systems

· Larger medical air compressors must provide pressure of 50 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) for all equipment in use.

Differentiate between safety systems that apply to various equipment connections

ASS PISS DISS

1.Distinguish between three types of gas supply systems.

Alternating supply system or cylinder manifold system Cylinder supply system with reserve supply Liquid Bulk O2 system with reserve:

Nitrogen (N2)

Black

Nitrogen - Oxygen (N2 - O2)

Black/Green

Nitrous Oxide (N2O)

Blue

Helium (He)

Brown

Heliox (He - O2)

Brown/Green

What is Carbon Dioxide

Colorless & odorless gas Does not support combustion Usually is produced by heating limestone in contact with water

What is helium?

Colorless & odorless gas Does not support combustion Usually is produced by heating limestone in contact with water

Nitrous Oxide (N2O)

Colorless gas with slightly sweet odor & taste Clinically used as anesthetic agent Must always be mixed with oxygen Produced by thermal decomposition of ammonium nitrate

What is Nitric Oxide (NO)

Colorless, nonflammable, toxic gas that supports combustion Exposure to high concentrations alone can cause methemoglobinemia, which can cause tissue hypoxia

Describe Air

Colorless, odorless, naturally occurring gas mixture •Contains 20.95% O2, 78.1% nitrogen, & ~1% trace gases (e.g., Argon) Has density of 1.29 g/L. Medical-grade air produced by filtering & compressing atmospheric air

1Discuss the three basic cylinder safety relief valves.

Frangible Disk Fusible plug Spring loaded

ruptures at a specific pressure

Frangible disk

·melts at a specific temperature

Fusible plug

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Gray

Carbogen (CO2 - O2)

Gray/Green

Oxygen (O2)

Green

C2H4

Red

Air

Yellow

Pin-Index Safety System (PISS):

o Applies only to the valve outlets of small cylinders up to and including size E o Cylinders have a yoke type of connection o PISS helps to prevent accidental misconnections between equipment, the exact position of pins and pinholes vary for each gas.

Cylinder supply system with reserve supply

o Consists of a primary supply, a secondary supply, and a reserve supply. o When the primary gas supply is depleted by the demand, it automatically switches to the secondary supply.

· Alternating supply system or cylinder manifold system

o Consists of large (normally H or K size) cylinders of compressed O2 banked together in series o When pressure in primary bank decreases to set level, control valve automatically switches over to reserve bank. o Have pressure-reducing valves for regulation of delivered pressure and normally have low-pressure alarms that sound when reserve switchover occurs; they also warn of impending depletion or malfunction. o Used to supply O2 from a central location in small facilities or to supply specialty gases, such as N2O to operating rooms

Diameter-Index Safety System (DISS)

o Established to prevent accidental interchange of low-pressure (<200 psig) medical gas connectors. o Find DISS connections at the outlets of pressure-reducing valves attached to cylinders; at the station outlets of central piping systems; and at the inlets of blenders, flow meters, ventilatory, and other pneumatic equipment

Liquid Bulk O2 system with reserve:

o Most commonly used in larger health facilities for economical, safety, and convenience reasons. o Small volume of liquid O2 provides a very larger amount of gaseous O2 and minimizes space requirements.

·American Standard Safety System (ASSS)

o Provides standards for threaded high-pressure connections between large compressed gas cylinders (sizes F through H/K) and their attachments. o Use of ASSS standards makes misconnections difficult because of the size (bore) of the cylinder outlet and its threading differ based on type of gas in cylinder.