US History Midterm Study Guide 2
How did business leaders in the late nineteenth century utilize vertical integration?
They maintained control of production and distribution of their products
In which pair of events did the first event most directly influence the second?
building of the transcontinental railroad -> disappearance of the frontier
How did the US government encourage American industry in the late nineteenth century?
by enacting protective tariffs
According to the information on this map, if a train station in Cheyenne's clock reads 10:00, it would be 12:00 at a train station in
Richmond
"[Buffalo Hunters Quote]" What was the result of the process described in this quotation?
The disappearance of their economic base, the buffalo, helped drive Native American Indians onto reservations
Rural to urban migration was mostly due to
steady employment
Manifest Destiny is
the belief that the United States was destined by God to stretch from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
Which constitutional amendment guaranteed the right to vote for all people born or naturalized in the United States?
fourteenth amendment
Why did sharecroppers often find themselves in continual debt?
to protect their property, some landowners required farmers to purchase insurance
How did the Haymarket Riot hurt the labor movement?
union members became afraid to strike following the violence
What did Alexander Graham Bell's most famous invention contribute to life in the late 1800s?
his invention helped make communication between households and businesses more efficient
The US government outlawed practices such as this traditional Native American ceremony in order to
weaken tribal cultures and encourage assimilation
"I love to roam the prairies..." In this quote, Chief Satanta is explaining
why native Americans resisted the white men
How did Ellis Island differ from Angel Island?
immigrants left Ellis Island within hours but often remained for weeks on Angel Island
"All charges made for any service rendered or to be rendered in the transportation of passengers or property as aforesaid, or in connection therewith, or for the receiving, delivering, storage, or handling of such property, shall be reasonable and just; and every unjust and unreasonable charge for such service is prohibited and declared to be unlawful." - Interstate Commerce Act, 1887. What did the interstate commerce act do?
it monitored the rates charged by railroads
Which of these is not an effect of the Transcontinental Railroad?
it proved that the great convergence had ended in America
The labor force that built the transcontinental railroad cam from what two immigrant groups?
Irish and Chinese
This photograph shows an effect of: [house photograph]
Jim Crow Laws
This Congressional bill, pocket vetoed by President Lincoln in 1864, signaled a real arguments between Radical and Moderate Republicans:
The Wade Davis Bill
The aim of the Dawes Act of 1887 was to
assimilate Native American Indians into American culture
"[When we cease to teach the Indian that he is less than a man; when we recognize fully that he is capable in all respects...]" In this statement, Captain Pratt is most likely advocating which of the following for the Native Americans?
assimilation into mainstream culture
The purpose of the Homestead Act of 1862, which provided free federal and, was to
encourage settlement of the West
Which action of President Johnson's directly led to his impeachment?
firing a Cabinet member without Senate approval
What is the term that means little to no government interference in business?
laissez-faire
Which important function of African American churches during Reconstruction does this passage best illustrate? "The African Methodist Church is still far from what it should be in the matter of an educated clergy; but the reproach of ignorance is past passing away. In the ranks of the younger ministers, and in the seminary, are men destined, I think, to remove it entirely... As it is, the church has given a business training to many, and in the re-constructed South, men trained to manage the affairs of her congregations are found, in many cases, in virtue of that training, capable of filling high places in the state."
leadership development
The literacy test and the poll tax were devised mainly to
limit the number of African Americans qualified to vote
The passage of the Homestead Act and the completion of the transcontinental railroad helped to fulfill the United States commitment to
manifest destiny
One major reason for the growth in urbanization between 1860 and 1900 was that
many factory jobs were located in cities near transportation routes
How did Congress respond to situations like the one pictured?
passed enforcement acts
"[Rockefeller's company] killed its rivals, in brief, by getting the great trunk lines to refuse to give them transportation. Vanderbilt is reported to have said that there was but one man -- Rockefeller -- who could dictate to him." --H. D. Lloyd, The Atlantic, 1881 In this text, Lloyd describes how John D. Rockefeller built an oil--
monopoly
The Homestead Act of 1862 helped the development of the West by
providing free land to settlers
Traditionally, immigrants had come to America for economic opportunities and
religious freedom
"The foreigner coming to these shores is more impressed at first by our skyscraper..." In this quote, Mark Twain is describing
skyscrapers at night
What was a primary effect of Native Americans being confined to reservations?
their nomadic way of life was increasingly restricted
Which of the following was a reason Radical Republicans sought harsh punishments against the former Confederate states?
they considered the practice of slavery to be a crime
What was the advantage of urbanization for poor workers who migrated to cities in the late 19th century?
they were able to provide their children with educational opportunities
Which constitutional amendment abolished the institution of slavery in the United States and its territories?
thirteenth amendment