Veterinary Diseases (125) Midterm Practice Questions

What is the literal meaning of diagnosis?

"a state of complete knowledge"

How long does the leukemia vaccine last?

1 Year

How long is the incubation period for rabies?

1 week to 1 year depending on the location of the bite and the distance from the brain

How long is the Rabies vaccine good for after the first documented administration?

1 year

How long does it take for toxoplasma to become infective?

1-5 days

What is the typical age range for senior cats?

11-14 years

When must the rabies vaccine be administered?

12-16 weeks

At which age should puppies get their last dose of Da2PP?

14-16 weeks

At what point in a cat's life is he considered to be geriatric?

15 years

At what age is a cat considered to be geriatric?

15 years and older

What age usually marks the end of "puppy shots?".

16 weeks

Kitten vaccine boosters are received every 3-4 weeks until at least:-

16 weeks old

When was the first case of parvo seen?

1978

4.) Name the hypersensitivity reactions 1-4

1:Immediate 2:Cytotoxic 3:Immune complex 4: Delayed

How long does the neonate have to consume colostrum from its mother?

24 hours after birth

What stage of rabies is usually reported?

2nd: Furious or excitatory stage

After 1-year boosters have been administered, many core vaccines are recommended to be administered every ________.

3 years

Puppies and kittens are examined at __________ week intervals.

3-4

What is the 3-2-1 protocol for vaccine-associated sarcomas?

3: Biopsy the lump if seen for 3 months or longer after vaccination. 2: Biopsy the lump if it becomes larger than 2cm at any time. 1: Biopsy the lump if it becomes larger within 1 month of receiving vaccinations.

In North Carolina it is law that all dogs and cats must be vaccinated by __ months of age.

4

How many canine core vaccines are there?

4 core vaccines - rabies, canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), and canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2).

According to North Carolina rabies laws, all dogs and cats must be vaccinated for Rabies by:

4 months of age

How many routes of vaccine administrations are there?

4 routes - subcutaneous, intramuscular, oral, intranasal

There are at least ______ strains of Feline Calicivirus (FCV).

40

How many types of hypersensitive reactions are there and what are they?

4; immediate, cytotoxic, immune complex, and delayed hypersensitivity.

How old would a cat that is 10 years old be in human years?

56 years old.

At what age should be the initial visit for puppies/kittens?

6 to 8 weeks of age

At what age do we usually see puppies for their first set of vaccines?

6-8 weeks

When should the initial visit to the vet for puppies and kittens be?

6-8 weeks

What age do kittens start to receive their core vaccines?

8-9 weeks

What term describes an immunization against an infectious agent (virus or bacteria)?

A Vaccine

What does a vaccine protect against?

A and B

What does the phrase "Zoonotic disease" mean?

A disease capable of transferring from animals to humankind.

What is an infectious disease?

A disease caused by a microorganisim.

Define local disease.

A disease that affects a small area or part of the body.

What is another name for the Feline panleukemia virus?

A feline Parvo virus.

A pathognomonic sign is:

A hallmark sign or one that is unique to a particular disease

Define morbidity.

A ratio of sick to well in a population; refers to how contagious a disease is

What is Immunodeficiency disease?

A state of which the immune systems ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or totally abscent.

What is an endotoxin?

A substance that causes disease.

Who establishes frequency guidelines for vaccinations?

AAHA & AAFP

What is Hypersensitivity reactions?

Abnormally severe inflammatory response mediated by immune system. (allergic reactions)

What is passive immunity?

Activated T cells or antibodies were transferred to the animal

What type of immunity is characterized by immunologic memory?

Active Immunity

What type of immunity is created?

Active immunity

What are the phases of FIV?

Acute. latent, chronic

Which virus used to be the "H" in the core vaccine now called "DAP".

Adenovirus

________ reactions to canine leptospirosis may occur.

Adverse

How is non-core Canine Influenza transmitted?

Aerosol and fomites

What are the nervous system symptoms of rabies?

Aggression, incoordination, paralysis, and fatality

What does AAHA stand for?

American Animal Hospital Association

What does AAFP stand for?

American Association of Feline Practitioners

What vaccine guidelines does the AAHA use?

American association of feline practitioners

What is Bacterin?

An immunization against a bacterial agent.

Define Vaccine:

An immunization against an infectious agent (virus or bacteria)

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are also called what?

Anaphylaxis

What is a disease?

Any changes from a healthy state of hemostasis

What type of immunity is acquired through vaccination?

Artificially acquired active immunity.

When does the healing and repair of damaged tissues begin?

As soon as injury occurs

The only way to test for rabies is:

Assay brain tissue

How often should puppies and kittens be examined?

At 3-4 week intervals

An endemic is present in a community at.

At all times

Stage 3 of Rabies includes ____.

Ataxia and progressive paralysis which then leads to death

Which cell is not a type of T-Cell?

Attack

Exotoxins are related to.

Bacteria

Movement of bacteria across the intestinal lining to the lymphatics or peripheral blood circulation is:

Bacterial translocation

According to the video how many core vaccines are there for feline?

Based off of AAFP there are 2.

What are the routine grooming procedures?

Bathing, ear cleaning, removing discharges, removing matted hair, nail trim.

Name a common carrier of rabies?

Bats, raccoons, foxes, skunks

Why are we vaccinating puppies and kittens at 3-4 week intervals?

Because the maternal antibodies can block vaccine response

What is the most common reason cats are euthanized?

Behavior problems

What can transmit the Rabies virus?

Bites, Scratches, Mucous membranes (saliva)

At risk pets for canine influenza should receive what new vaccine with both strains of the virus?

Bivalent vaccine

What do Maternal antibodies do to vaccines?

Block vaccine response

Which eye problem could the CAV 1 cause?

Blue eye tint

What agents are a combination for the vaccine for infectious tracheobronchitis?

Bordetella, PIB, and Bordello

What cells can remember previous antigens and microbes that they have fought before?

Both

Topics usually discussed during the initial visit to the veterinary clinic are all the following EXCEPT:

Breeding the cats

What is the CAV-1 & CAV-2, and what is the difference between them?

CAV-1 is canine adenovirus type 1 (infectious canine hepatitis) and CAV-2 is canine adenovirus type 2 (infectious tracheitis). CAV-1 vaccination caused Blue eye, since then the CAV-2 has been programmed to cross-protect against CAV-1 and CAV-2

What type of tissue does scarring not occur?

CNS

Signs of fever, severe ocular and nasal discharge, vomiting and diarrhea, and enamel hypoplasia are all indicative of:

Canine Distemper

Which canine virus can also affect big cats such as lions?

Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)

What vaccine was known to occasionally turn back into a live virus and become infective?

Canine adenovirus 1

What virus is closely related to human measles?

Canine distemper (CDV)

Name any 2 NONCORE vaccines:

Canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV), Leptospirosis, Bordetella bronchiseptica (PIB), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme), Canine influenza (CIV), Canine coronavirus (CCoV)

What are some Non-core Vaccines?

Canine parainfluenza virus, Leptospirosis, Bordatella bronchiseptica, Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme), Canine influenza, Canine coronavirus

What virus is highly contagious and sheds 3 days prior to signs and 3 weeks after recovery?

Canine parvovirus (CPV-2)

What inflammatory exudate causes "cheesey" purulent and becomes thick and pasty? (ex. cyst).

Caseous

When considering giving non-core vaccines to felines, what should be considered?

Cats lifestyle and the area where you reside

What condition can be described by stumbling, wobbly gait, discoordination, & head tremors?

Cerebellar Hypoplasia

What could modified live vaccines of FPV can cause what?

Cerebellar Hypoplasia

What are pyrogens?

Chemicals that are released often with the detection of pathogen or tissue damage from the body's immune cells; causes fever.

In what phase of FIV does the patient present severely immunosuppressed and with secondary infections?

Chronic phase

Select the right answers: Why do Vet Techs need Pathology information?

Client information, patient care, to prevent the spread of Pathogens

Name a sign of feline herpes virus.

Conjunctivitis

Other than feces, what is another way someone could contract toxoplasma?

Consuming undercooked pork

Feline Infectious Peritonitis may develop if a cat was infected with what?

Coronavirus

What are the 3 parts of a hand differential?

Count 100 WBC and determine what you see then do a WBC morphology then a RBC morphology.

Which vaccine is conditionally licensed for canines?

Crotalus atrox ("The rattlesnake vaccine")

_________ are chemical messengers produced by a variety of cells that interact with components of the immune system.

Cytokines

Name a vaccine that offers a titer in some cases.

DHPP

What affects multiple body systems and may be the greatest cause of morbidity?

Dental health

List 3 duties that fall under the responsibility of only the veterinarian:

Diagnosis, Determine Prognosis, Prescribe Medications, Perform Surgery

Stage 1 of Rabies includes ___.

Dilated pupils and behavior changes.

What does DHLPP stand for?

Distemper, Hepatitis, Leptospirosis, Parvo, Parainfluenza

FIP presents with 2 forms; what are these forms?

Dry form: chronic fever, lethargy, weight loss, uveitis; Effusive (Wet) form: Leakage of plasma and proteins into abdomen/pleural cavity.

What is step 2 of inflammation?

Edema

What do helper T cells do?

Enhance the activities of other immune responses

How often should we do senior wellness exams?

Every 5 months

What is the definition of natural immunity?

Exposed during normal activity

True or False: The skin is the second line of defense?

FALSE

How many Feline noncore Vaccines can you name?

FELV, FIV, FIP, Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella, Giardia

What is FHV-1?

FHV-1 is feline herpes virus type 1 which causes fever, sneezing, nasal discharge, and ocular discharge

A ______ is an inanimate object that transmits disease.

FOMITE

T/F A puppy can be reinfected with Parvo once it recovered because the virus can live in the home environment for a year or more.

False

T/F As the body is healing and repairing tissues, scarring of the CNS can occur.

False

T/F Information handouts are not helpful for educating owners.

False

T/F Noninfectious vaccines can cause disease.

False

T/F The subcutaneous Infectious Tracheobronchitis vaccine is considered to be effective 48-72 hours after giving.

False

TRUE OR FALSE: H3N8 vaccine does cross protect for H3N2.

False

The Leukemia vaccine lasts up to 3 years.

False

The two types of vaccines are infectious and semi-infectious.

False

True or False: AAHA and AAFP have provided vaccine guidelines for veterinarians to follow, and it is expected clinics to adhere to those protocols.

False

True or False: An RVT can give a rabies vaccine anytime, if they know what they are doing.

False

True or False: Leptospirosis is a core vaccine.

False

True or False: Loss of function is not a step of Inflammation.

False

True or False: The Rabies vaccine is a core vaccine for both cats AND dogs in ALL states.

False

True or False: Antibiotics and fluids are the best thing that can be done to prevent rabies in domestic animals.

False: Vaccination is the best thing that can be done to prevent rabies

True or False: There is approved treatment for Rabies in animals.

False; In animals there is no treatment. If not vaccinated for Rabies and they have been bitten by an animal that is or might be rabid must be quarantined by animal control for a period of 6 months or euthanized

True or False: FPV is very resistant in the environment and can only survive 6 months, if on a surface that is safe to use bleach the virus can be killed.

False; It can survive a year or longer

True or False: There are blood tests available for the diagnosis of Rabies.

False; There are NO blood tests for rabies.

True or False: Once Rabies enters the body it travels through peripheral nerves to the spinal cord and eventually to the lungs.

False; it travels to the spinal cord and eventually to the brain

True or False: Rabies vaccination is always required by law.

False; some states don't require the vaccine by law

True or False: Rabies is spread through urine, feces, blood, skunk spray, and milk of the infected animal.

False; the virus is spread through saliva, salivary glands, and nervous system tissues

What type of ophthalmic ointment helps soothe feline herpes viral keratitis?

Famciclovir, an oral antiviral

What test do we want to run for kittens before starting vaccines?

FeLV/FIV

What is the main route of infection for Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV)?

Fecal oral route

How is FIP transmitted?

Fecal-oral

What does the core vaccine FCV stand for?

Feline Calici virus.

What is FISS?

Feline Injection Site Sarcoma

What virus is a retrovirus shed in saliva and nasal secretion?

Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)

Which virus is described as "Very hardy like canine Parvo"?

Feline Panleukopenia Virus

What is another term for Panleukopenia?

Feline Parvo

Which of the following is a noncore disease in cats?

Feline aids

What virus presents with upper respiratory issues and oral ulcerations?

Feline calici virus

Chronic infections with _______ are often treated with lysine.

Feline herpes virus type-1 (FHV-1)

Which virus did the video refer to as the "angry kitty" vaccine because transmission is known to come from cat fights?

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)

What kind of cat is more susceptible to FIV?

Feral older male cats

Name a cause of FHV.

Fever

What does FCV cause?

Fever, sneezing, ocular/nasal discharge, and oral ulcerations

What inflammatory exudate causes fibrin (plasma protein) typically in a body cavity? (ex. scab).

Fibrinous

What is the vaccine booster protocol for rabies in an adult dog with no previous history?

First vaccine given, boostered 1 year later, then it is good for 3 years

When and where was the first case of Canine Influenza reported?

Florida in 2003

Why does the Veterinary technician need pathology information?

For client prevention, to prevent the spread of pathogens, to facilitate patient care, to protect against zoonotic diseases, and anticipate the veterinarians needs

What are two examples of a non-pathogenic cause of disease?

Foreign body, abrasion, contusion, bruising, laceration or concussion

How many types of hypersensitivity reactions are there?

Four.

What can nail overgrowth lead to?

Fracture and orthopedic issues

In a case of infectious tracheobronchitis, what is accompanied with a honking cough?

Gagging

Highly vascularized connective tissue that is only produced after extensive tissue damage is:

Granulation tissue

The following are signs of Feline Herpesvirus EXCEPT:

Halitosis

What can you use in the clinic for effective client education and increased compliance?

Handouts

What inflammatory exudate contains RBC as primary cell type? (ex. bruse).

Hemorrhagic

What does CAV-2 cause?

Hepatitis

What is herd immunity?

Herd immunity is when most of the population is vaccinated for a disease which provides some protection for those who are not vaccinated and haven't built up an immunity for the disease

What is granulation tissue?

Highly vascularized connective tissue that is only produced after extensive tissue damage

What are the two types of testing that detect rabies?

IFA and Histopathology

For the canine parvo virus vaccine, what is the significance to testing for parvo and the vaccination?

If the vaccination was given 4-8 days prior to test the test could show a false positive because the modified live vaccine sheds viral particles during that time frame.

What does the acronym IFA test stand for?

Immunofluorescent Antibody test

Why is a fever good?

Increased temperature may stop or slow down the growth of pathogens.

What type of vaccine is lyophilized (freeze-dried)?-

Infectious vaccine

What type of vaccine alters the pathogen so doesn't cause disease, but still infects the host?

Infectious vaccines

What are 5 types of innate immunity?

Inflammation, fever, antimicrobial, proteins, phagocytes

What kind of object can you provide to help guide new cat owners to understand their cat's behavior as well as give a detailed description of preventative healthcare?

Informational handouts and packets.

Inflammation, fever, antimicrobial, proteins, and phagocytes are part of which non-specific immunity

Innate (2nd line)

5) How is Intratrac 3 administered?

Intranasally

What do neurotropic viruses do?

Invade and destroy cells of the CNS

How does a virus destroy the cell?

It suppresses the cells metabolic activity and causes cell to lyse.

What types of facilities would the Giardia vaccine most commonly would be given?

Kennels or Boarding; in case of a Giardia breakout

What can happen if you administer a Panleukopenia vaccine to a pregnant queen?

Kittens to be born with cerebellar hypoplasia

What amino acid helps treat chronic infections of FHV-1?

L-lysine

2.) An infection where the individual does not show signs of disease, unless under stressful conditions.

Latent infection

Which term describes an infection where the individual does not show signs of disease, unless under stressful conditions?

Latent infection

Where does the AAHA recommend to give canine non-core vaccines?-

Left hind

Which vaccine should all kittens get?

Leukemia; Even if it is an inside cat, they can still be exposed to the outside.

What kind of disease affects a small area or part of the body?

Local disease.

What is Borrelia burgdorferi?

Lyme disease, Tickbourne disease

In the blood they are called monocytes yet when they migrate to different tissues and organs they are?

Macrophages

When boosting a vaccine, what is the onset and/or duration of immunity.

Manufacturer's recommendations. Varying durations of immunity

Stage 2 of Rabies includes ____.

Marked aggression/fear

What is Canine coronavirus?

Mild, self-limiting GI Virus

What kind of vaccine is the feline panleukopenia virus?

Modified live vaccine.

Cats do not clear FIV from system and all eventually become ill, but it can take:

Months to years

What inflammatory exudate causes mixed mucus and purulent?

Mucopurulent

Cancer is a ____ in cell genes that control the cell growth and division.

Mutation

What type of immunity is acquired from the mother?

Natural - Passive

How do neurotropic viruses effect the body?

Neurotropic viruses invade and destroy cells of the CNS

Does Chlamydophila felis survive in the environment for a long duration of time?

No

What are elective vaccines also referred to as? Name at least one of them.

Non-core vaccines.

Which vaccines are more stable and can be sold and stored in liquid form?

Noninfectious vaccines

What are the two vaccine types?

Noninfectious vaccines (Killed virus) and Infectious vaccines (Modified Live)

Which vaccine type requires the addition of adjuvants as immunologic stimulant?

Noninfectious vaccines (killed virus)

When are pyrogens released?

Often, with the detection of pathogen or tissue damage

Where are feline calicivirus ulcers located?

On the tongue, gums, and lips.

Who can vaccinate against rabies?

Only licensed veterinarians and veterinary technicians.

Name any 2 CLASSIC signs of inflammation.

Pain, Heat, Redness, Swelling, Loss of function

What are the 5 classic signs of inflammation?

Pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

What are the classic signs of inflammation?

Pain, heat, swelling, redness, loss of function

At what stage of rabies does ataxia and progressive paralysis present?

Paralytic or "Dumb" Stage

In what stage of rabies do we note ataxia and progressive paralysis?

Paralytic stage

List 5 topics that should be discussed during the initial visit:

Parasite control, husbandry/ development, nutrition, training, spay/ neuter, behavior, exercise, kennel requirements, potentially toxic food requirements.

Give 3 examples of what should we educate the owner on during the initial visit.

Parasite control, neutering/spaying, and nutrition

Signs of distemper in dogs are all of the following except:

Polydipsia

In what cats would you not want to give the panleukopenia vaccines?

Pregnant queens and kittens under the age of 4 weeks old

What can a veterinary technician NOT do?

Prescribe medication, diagnosis, determine Prognosis, perform surgery

What are the three types of diagnoses?

Presumptive, definitive, differential

Name the 2 types of IMHA and how they are caused.

Primary: idiopathic; Secondary: caused by vaccines, drug therapies, neoplasia, or infection

What are the 3 phases of Rabies?

Prodromal, "Furious" or Excitatory Stage, & Paralytic (Dumb) Phase

What is active immunity?

Protection induced in host by antigen

What inflammatory exudate results in large numbers of neutrophils and gross cell debris?

Purulent/Suppurative

What disease is caused by Rhabdovirus and is fatal?

Rabies

Which is a core vaccine for canines in the US?

Rabies

Which virus is always fatal in cats and dogs?

Rabies

What are the 4 core vaccinations?

Rabies -Canine Distemper virus (CDV) -Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) -Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)

What does IFA testing detect?

Rabies antigen in brain tissue

Why is rabies testing not accurate?

Rabies is not always visible on the tests which creates false negatives

Name 2 of 4 CORE vaccines:

Rabies, Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)

What is an example of a neurotropic virus?

Rabies.

Why should you confirm usage and wait to draw up a reconstituted vaccination?

Reconstituted vaccinations are less stable than the liquid vaccines, and if constituted they must be used within 1 hour or thrown away

What term describes a carrier or alternative host that maintains an organism within the environment?

Reservoir

What term describes the ability to ward of a disease (immune)?

Resistance

Where is the DA2PP vaccine given?

Right front

The FVR vaccine is given where?

Right front leg

The canine vaccine site for rabies, recommended by AAHA are:

Right hind leg

Where is the rabies vaccine typically administered?

Right hind limb

Where is the rabies vaccine injected?

Right rear leg

3.) What is an example of a fibrinous inflammatory exudate?

Scab

What is a possible lifelong outcome if a dog survives distemper virus?

Seizures

What inflammatory exudate causes fluid with low protein? (ex. blisters).

Serous

Name three inflammatory exudates:

Serous, Fibrinous, Purulent/Suppurative, Hemorrhagic, Mucopurulent, Eosinophilic, Nonsuppurative, Caseous

What is Anaphylaxis?

Severe allergic or hypersensitivity response and may lead to shock or cardiopulmonary arrest.

What is one sign of Canine Parvovirus?

Severe vomiting and hemorrhagic diarrhea

Where should vaccines be given in dogs and cats?

Shoulder or lower

What are the characteristics of RBC to look for when doing a morphology?

Size, shape, and color.

The first line of defense is provided by what?

Skin and mucous membranes which provide a physical barrier

Canine Distemper is transmitted by?

Skunk, raccoon, fox, coyote

What is Oncology?

Study and treatment of tumors

Most common route of administration?

Subcutaneous

FHV and FCV vaccine are available by:

Subcutaneous Injections and Intranasl form

If a dog presents with Canine Influenza, what kind of treatment should the dog recieve?

Supportive care, Cough suppressants, IV Fluids, Antibiotics (for pneumonia)

What cells aid in the control of the immune response?

Suppressor T cells

What term describes a disease that affects several organs/tissues or body systems?

Systemic

What is one of the few countries in the world that doesn't contain or allow rabid animals?

The UK

What is the definition of artificial immunity?

The animal is intentionally exposed

Why do puppies need booster vaccinations?

The antibodies they receive from their mother protect them but can also block vaccine response.

Why is the Giardia vaccine not recommended?

The effectiveness is not guaranteed

Which animal should scare you more: An obviously aggressive canine with unknown vaccinations or a "feisty" kitten who has no known history that was found wandering around?

The feisty kitten, because the kitten could have a zoonotic/infectious disease and will be handled with less caution than the aggressive canine.

Why would a cat diagnosed with the feline calicivirus not want to eat?

The feline calicivirus can cause mouth ulcers

How does fever play a role in inflammation and the immune system?

The increased temperature is not tolerated by organisms which causes them to slow down or stop growing

What is the most accurate definition for the age of a senior dog?

The last 25% of the expected life span

The rabies virus attacks the:

The nervous system

Why do they recommend the feline leukemia vaccine for kittens?

The owners may change their mind about having an indoor cat; the kitten would be covered if it were to go outside or if it came into contact with an infected cat

Define incubation period.

The period of time from when the pathogen enters the body until signs of disease occur

Why were transdermal vaccines created?

The transdermal vaccine does not cause feline injection site sarcomas

Why does the rabies virus most often end in death?

The virus travels up the peripheral nerves and to the spinal cord and brain which is not reversable

How much time do you have to administer a reconstituted vaccine?

They must be administered within one hour of reconstitution. Do not reconstitute until confirmed!

Why is the FIV vaccine not recommended?

They will still test positive for the antibody if they don't have FIV and have received the vaccine. This could lead to confusion in an emergency.

What is one of the most common holiday items that cats like to play with that are toxic and can severely damage their GI system?

Tinsel (Silver Lameta)

Why do we vaccine pets?

To protect animals (individual and herd) and humans against infectious agents

Distemper is a disease that would have signs of RBC inclusions.

True

Foxes can transmit canine distemper.

True

Inflammation can overreact and cause damage.

True

Lymphocytes are almost all nucleus T or F?

True

T or F is a hand differential part of your CBC?

True

T/F All dogs can be suseptible to Canine Parvovirus, but high risk breeds are considered to be Rottweilers, Dobermans, German Shepards, Pit Pulls, and Labradors.

True

T/F CAV-2 is a core canine vaccine.

True

T/F The CAV-2 vaccine is generally given, as it protects the animal from both strands of the Canine Adenovirus Type 1 and 2.

True

T/F The CAV1 vaccine is found to cause "blue eye" and renal dysfunction as adverse side effects.

True

T/F The rabies vaccine is administered into the right hind.

True

T/F Wellness visits are recommended every 3 to 4 weeks until 16 weeks old.

True

TRUE OR FALSE: Vaccine reactions such as facial swelling / breathing difficulty, vomiting or diarrhea and hives are serious and require treatment.

True

The Giardia vaccine is not proven to be effective.

True

True / False: Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is highly contagious and is spread through oral ingestion of infected feces.-

True

True or False: According to AAFP guidelines, the Rabies vaccine is considered a non-core vaccine because it's an international guideline.

True

True or False: Can some viruses remain latent for years?

True

True or False: Cats may become infected and test positive for Lyme antibodies, but no documented cases of illness have been found.

True

True or False: Cats vaccinated for FIV may show a positive test result due to antibodies in the blood.

True

True or False: FHV-1 and FCV vaccinations are available SubQ or intranasal.

True

True or False: Outside of the US, Rabies kills more than 59,000 people every year. The most affected countries are in Africa and Asia, and almost half of the victims are children under the age of 15.

True

True or False: Panleukopenia (FPV) is highly contagious.

True

True or False: Rabies control laws currently do NOT include the use of titers in place of vaccination.

True

True or False: Rabies will survive for up to 2 hours in dried saliva and 24-48 hours in the nervous tissue at room temperature.

True

True or False: Some states are considering laws in support of the use of titers in animals that experience adverse reactions to vaccines.

True

True or False: The AAFP considers rabies to be a noncore vaccine due to recommendations that cats be indoors. True or false?

True

True or False: The Canine Parvo Snap test be used to test for Feline Parvo.

True

True or False: The Rabies vaccine is known to cause cancerous tumors and health complications, mostly in cats.

True

True or False: There are laboratories that are NOT accredited that are allowed to determine titer results, which can sometimes result in low-quality and inaccurate test methods.

True

True or False: Vaccine Associated Sarcomas are more recently identified as Feline Injection Site Sarcoma.

True

True or False: Viruses bind to the surface of host cells.

True

True or False: You cannot administer a modified live Feline Panleukopenia vaccine to pregnant queens or kittens under 4 weeks of age.

True

True or false. Viruses are far more easier to prevent.

True

Vaccines should be given in the shoulder or lower in cats and dogs.

True

Veterinary health care team members must be aware of local or regional rabies immunization laws before administering the vaccination.

True

While adverse reactions to vaccination can occur in many species, the rate of these reactions is low.

True

True or False: Rabies should be given as farther down the leg as you can give it.

True. In case of a sarcoma appearing then it can actually be an amputation.

True or False: Canine Parvovirus has a treatment plan that will require isolation?

True; because it is highly contagious

Anaphylaxis and angioedema would be classified as what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Type 1

How many steps are there to hypersensitivity, and what are they?

Type I= immediate; Type II= cytotoxic; Type III= immune complex; Type IV= delayed

What is the worst hypersensitivity reaction called?

Type IV : delayed

What is the prevention method for CPiV?

Vaccinations

Why are vaccines necessary?

Vaccines are necessary because they are part of preventative medicine that protects the animal against infectious agents so that we don't have to treat them for these diseases and they don't spread the disease to other animals

What are three examples of owner education that should be discussed first visit?

Vaccines, Behavior and Neuter /spay

What decides if a tech can give a rabies vaccine?

Varies depending on the state.

Why do we try to wait for 14-16 weeks for the last vaccine?

Waiting for maternal antibodies to wear off

AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines, vaccine types are classified into what two major categories?

What noninfectious and infectious

Diagnosis for FIP is based on clinical signs and fluid analysis. The fluid will be ______ in color with a high total protein.

Yellow

If vaccinated with leukemia vaccine, can felines test positive?

Yes

What term describes an infectious disease that can be passed from animal to man?

Zoonotic

List 5 reasons a Veterinary Technician needs pathology information.

client education, prevent the spread of pathogens, facilitate patient care, protect against zoonotic diseases, anticipate the veterinarians needs

What is the difference between horizontal disease transmission and vertical transmission?

horizontal is transmitted from unrelated animals, whereas vertical transmission is transmitted from mother to offspring in the period prior to birth or immediately after birth

What are the 5 cells that help with phagocytosis?

neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells

Give three examples of pathogens:

parasites, protozoans, bacteria, fungi, Ricketssiae, chlamydae, viruses, mycoplasmas

What chemical is released often when a pathogen is detected, and help increase body temperature?

pyrogens