Veterinary Diseases (125) Midterm Practice Questions
What is the literal meaning of diagnosis?
"a state of complete knowledge"
How long does the leukemia vaccine last?
1 Year
How long is the incubation period for rabies?
1 week to 1 year depending on the location of the bite and the distance from the brain
How long is the Rabies vaccine good for after the first documented administration?
1 year
How long does it take for toxoplasma to become infective?
1-5 days
What is the typical age range for senior cats?
11-14 years
When must the rabies vaccine be administered?
12-16 weeks
At which age should puppies get their last dose of Da2PP?
14-16 weeks
At what point in a cat's life is he considered to be geriatric?
15 years
At what age is a cat considered to be geriatric?
15 years and older
What age usually marks the end of "puppy shots?".
16 weeks
Kitten vaccine boosters are received every 3-4 weeks until at least:-
16 weeks old
When was the first case of parvo seen?
1978
4.) Name the hypersensitivity reactions 1-4
1:Immediate 2:Cytotoxic 3:Immune complex 4: Delayed
How long does the neonate have to consume colostrum from its mother?
24 hours after birth
What stage of rabies is usually reported?
2nd: Furious or excitatory stage
After 1-year boosters have been administered, many core vaccines are recommended to be administered every ________.
3 years
Puppies and kittens are examined at __________ week intervals.
3-4
What is the 3-2-1 protocol for vaccine-associated sarcomas?
3: Biopsy the lump if seen for 3 months or longer after vaccination. 2: Biopsy the lump if it becomes larger than 2cm at any time. 1: Biopsy the lump if it becomes larger within 1 month of receiving vaccinations.
In North Carolina it is law that all dogs and cats must be vaccinated by __ months of age.
4
How many canine core vaccines are there?
4 core vaccines - rabies, canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), and canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2).
According to North Carolina rabies laws, all dogs and cats must be vaccinated for Rabies by:
4 months of age
How many routes of vaccine administrations are there?
4 routes - subcutaneous, intramuscular, oral, intranasal
There are at least ______ strains of Feline Calicivirus (FCV).
40
How many types of hypersensitive reactions are there and what are they?
4; immediate, cytotoxic, immune complex, and delayed hypersensitivity.
How old would a cat that is 10 years old be in human years?
56 years old.
At what age should be the initial visit for puppies/kittens?
6 to 8 weeks of age
At what age do we usually see puppies for their first set of vaccines?
6-8 weeks
When should the initial visit to the vet for puppies and kittens be?
6-8 weeks
What age do kittens start to receive their core vaccines?
8-9 weeks
What term describes an immunization against an infectious agent (virus or bacteria)?
A Vaccine
What does a vaccine protect against?
A and B
What does the phrase "Zoonotic disease" mean?
A disease capable of transferring from animals to humankind.
What is an infectious disease?
A disease caused by a microorganisim.
Define local disease.
A disease that affects a small area or part of the body.
What is another name for the Feline panleukemia virus?
A feline Parvo virus.
A pathognomonic sign is:
A hallmark sign or one that is unique to a particular disease
Define morbidity.
A ratio of sick to well in a population; refers to how contagious a disease is
What is Immunodeficiency disease?
A state of which the immune systems ability to fight infectious disease is compromised or totally abscent.
What is an endotoxin?
A substance that causes disease.
Who establishes frequency guidelines for vaccinations?
AAHA & AAFP
What is Hypersensitivity reactions?
Abnormally severe inflammatory response mediated by immune system. (allergic reactions)
What is passive immunity?
Activated T cells or antibodies were transferred to the animal
What type of immunity is characterized by immunologic memory?
Active Immunity
What type of immunity is created?
Active immunity
What are the phases of FIV?
Acute. latent, chronic
Which virus used to be the "H" in the core vaccine now called "DAP".
Adenovirus
________ reactions to canine leptospirosis may occur.
Adverse
How is non-core Canine Influenza transmitted?
Aerosol and fomites
What are the nervous system symptoms of rabies?
Aggression, incoordination, paralysis, and fatality
What does AAHA stand for?
American Animal Hospital Association
What does AAFP stand for?
American Association of Feline Practitioners
What vaccine guidelines does the AAHA use?
American association of feline practitioners
What is Bacterin?
An immunization against a bacterial agent.
Define Vaccine:
An immunization against an infectious agent (virus or bacteria)
Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are also called what?
Anaphylaxis
What is a disease?
Any changes from a healthy state of hemostasis
What type of immunity is acquired through vaccination?
Artificially acquired active immunity.
When does the healing and repair of damaged tissues begin?
As soon as injury occurs
The only way to test for rabies is:
Assay brain tissue
How often should puppies and kittens be examined?
At 3-4 week intervals
An endemic is present in a community at.
At all times
Stage 3 of Rabies includes ____.
Ataxia and progressive paralysis which then leads to death
Which cell is not a type of T-Cell?
Attack
Exotoxins are related to.
Bacteria
Movement of bacteria across the intestinal lining to the lymphatics or peripheral blood circulation is:
Bacterial translocation
According to the video how many core vaccines are there for feline?
Based off of AAFP there are 2.
What are the routine grooming procedures?
Bathing, ear cleaning, removing discharges, removing matted hair, nail trim.
Name a common carrier of rabies?
Bats, raccoons, foxes, skunks
Why are we vaccinating puppies and kittens at 3-4 week intervals?
Because the maternal antibodies can block vaccine response
What is the most common reason cats are euthanized?
Behavior problems
What can transmit the Rabies virus?
Bites, Scratches, Mucous membranes (saliva)
At risk pets for canine influenza should receive what new vaccine with both strains of the virus?
Bivalent vaccine
What do Maternal antibodies do to vaccines?
Block vaccine response
Which eye problem could the CAV 1 cause?
Blue eye tint
What agents are a combination for the vaccine for infectious tracheobronchitis?
Bordetella, PIB, and Bordello
What cells can remember previous antigens and microbes that they have fought before?
Both
Topics usually discussed during the initial visit to the veterinary clinic are all the following EXCEPT:
Breeding the cats
What is the CAV-1 & CAV-2, and what is the difference between them?
CAV-1 is canine adenovirus type 1 (infectious canine hepatitis) and CAV-2 is canine adenovirus type 2 (infectious tracheitis). CAV-1 vaccination caused Blue eye, since then the CAV-2 has been programmed to cross-protect against CAV-1 and CAV-2
What type of tissue does scarring not occur?
CNS
Signs of fever, severe ocular and nasal discharge, vomiting and diarrhea, and enamel hypoplasia are all indicative of:
Canine Distemper
Which canine virus can also affect big cats such as lions?
Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
What vaccine was known to occasionally turn back into a live virus and become infective?
Canine adenovirus 1
What virus is closely related to human measles?
Canine distemper (CDV)
Name any 2 NONCORE vaccines:
Canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV), Leptospirosis, Bordetella bronchiseptica (PIB), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme), Canine influenza (CIV), Canine coronavirus (CCoV)
What are some Non-core Vaccines?
Canine parainfluenza virus, Leptospirosis, Bordatella bronchiseptica, Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme), Canine influenza, Canine coronavirus
What virus is highly contagious and sheds 3 days prior to signs and 3 weeks after recovery?
Canine parvovirus (CPV-2)
What inflammatory exudate causes "cheesey" purulent and becomes thick and pasty? (ex. cyst).
Caseous
When considering giving non-core vaccines to felines, what should be considered?
Cats lifestyle and the area where you reside
What condition can be described by stumbling, wobbly gait, discoordination, & head tremors?
Cerebellar Hypoplasia
What could modified live vaccines of FPV can cause what?
Cerebellar Hypoplasia
What are pyrogens?
Chemicals that are released often with the detection of pathogen or tissue damage from the body's immune cells; causes fever.
In what phase of FIV does the patient present severely immunosuppressed and with secondary infections?
Chronic phase
Select the right answers: Why do Vet Techs need Pathology information?
Client information, patient care, to prevent the spread of Pathogens
Name a sign of feline herpes virus.
Conjunctivitis
Other than feces, what is another way someone could contract toxoplasma?
Consuming undercooked pork
Feline Infectious Peritonitis may develop if a cat was infected with what?
Coronavirus
What are the 3 parts of a hand differential?
Count 100 WBC and determine what you see then do a WBC morphology then a RBC morphology.
Which vaccine is conditionally licensed for canines?
Crotalus atrox ("The rattlesnake vaccine")
_________ are chemical messengers produced by a variety of cells that interact with components of the immune system.
Cytokines
Name a vaccine that offers a titer in some cases.
DHPP
What affects multiple body systems and may be the greatest cause of morbidity?
Dental health
List 3 duties that fall under the responsibility of only the veterinarian:
Diagnosis, Determine Prognosis, Prescribe Medications, Perform Surgery
Stage 1 of Rabies includes ___.
Dilated pupils and behavior changes.
What does DHLPP stand for?
Distemper, Hepatitis, Leptospirosis, Parvo, Parainfluenza
FIP presents with 2 forms; what are these forms?
Dry form: chronic fever, lethargy, weight loss, uveitis; Effusive (Wet) form: Leakage of plasma and proteins into abdomen/pleural cavity.
What is step 2 of inflammation?
Edema
What do helper T cells do?
Enhance the activities of other immune responses
How often should we do senior wellness exams?
Every 5 months
What is the definition of natural immunity?
Exposed during normal activity
True or False: The skin is the second line of defense?
FALSE
How many Feline noncore Vaccines can you name?
FELV, FIV, FIP, Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella, Giardia
What is FHV-1?
FHV-1 is feline herpes virus type 1 which causes fever, sneezing, nasal discharge, and ocular discharge
A ______ is an inanimate object that transmits disease.
FOMITE
T/F A puppy can be reinfected with Parvo once it recovered because the virus can live in the home environment for a year or more.
False
T/F As the body is healing and repairing tissues, scarring of the CNS can occur.
False
T/F Information handouts are not helpful for educating owners.
False
T/F Noninfectious vaccines can cause disease.
False
T/F The subcutaneous Infectious Tracheobronchitis vaccine is considered to be effective 48-72 hours after giving.
False
TRUE OR FALSE: H3N8 vaccine does cross protect for H3N2.
False
The Leukemia vaccine lasts up to 3 years.
False
The two types of vaccines are infectious and semi-infectious.
False
True or False: AAHA and AAFP have provided vaccine guidelines for veterinarians to follow, and it is expected clinics to adhere to those protocols.
False
True or False: An RVT can give a rabies vaccine anytime, if they know what they are doing.
False
True or False: Leptospirosis is a core vaccine.
False
True or False: Loss of function is not a step of Inflammation.
False
True or False: The Rabies vaccine is a core vaccine for both cats AND dogs in ALL states.
False
True or False: Antibiotics and fluids are the best thing that can be done to prevent rabies in domestic animals.
False: Vaccination is the best thing that can be done to prevent rabies
True or False: There is approved treatment for Rabies in animals.
False; In animals there is no treatment. If not vaccinated for Rabies and they have been bitten by an animal that is or might be rabid must be quarantined by animal control for a period of 6 months or euthanized
True or False: FPV is very resistant in the environment and can only survive 6 months, if on a surface that is safe to use bleach the virus can be killed.
False; It can survive a year or longer
True or False: There are blood tests available for the diagnosis of Rabies.
False; There are NO blood tests for rabies.
True or False: Once Rabies enters the body it travels through peripheral nerves to the spinal cord and eventually to the lungs.
False; it travels to the spinal cord and eventually to the brain
True or False: Rabies vaccination is always required by law.
False; some states don't require the vaccine by law
True or False: Rabies is spread through urine, feces, blood, skunk spray, and milk of the infected animal.
False; the virus is spread through saliva, salivary glands, and nervous system tissues
What type of ophthalmic ointment helps soothe feline herpes viral keratitis?
Famciclovir, an oral antiviral
What test do we want to run for kittens before starting vaccines?
FeLV/FIV
What is the main route of infection for Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV)?
Fecal oral route
How is FIP transmitted?
Fecal-oral
What does the core vaccine FCV stand for?
Feline Calici virus.
What is FISS?
Feline Injection Site Sarcoma
What virus is a retrovirus shed in saliva and nasal secretion?
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
Which virus is described as "Very hardy like canine Parvo"?
Feline Panleukopenia Virus
What is another term for Panleukopenia?
Feline Parvo
Which of the following is a noncore disease in cats?
Feline aids
What virus presents with upper respiratory issues and oral ulcerations?
Feline calici virus
Chronic infections with _______ are often treated with lysine.
Feline herpes virus type-1 (FHV-1)
Which virus did the video refer to as the "angry kitty" vaccine because transmission is known to come from cat fights?
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)
What kind of cat is more susceptible to FIV?
Feral older male cats
Name a cause of FHV.
Fever
What does FCV cause?
Fever, sneezing, ocular/nasal discharge, and oral ulcerations
What inflammatory exudate causes fibrin (plasma protein) typically in a body cavity? (ex. scab).
Fibrinous
What is the vaccine booster protocol for rabies in an adult dog with no previous history?
First vaccine given, boostered 1 year later, then it is good for 3 years
When and where was the first case of Canine Influenza reported?
Florida in 2003
Why does the Veterinary technician need pathology information?
For client prevention, to prevent the spread of pathogens, to facilitate patient care, to protect against zoonotic diseases, and anticipate the veterinarians needs
What are two examples of a non-pathogenic cause of disease?
Foreign body, abrasion, contusion, bruising, laceration or concussion
How many types of hypersensitivity reactions are there?
Four.
What can nail overgrowth lead to?
Fracture and orthopedic issues
In a case of infectious tracheobronchitis, what is accompanied with a honking cough?
Gagging
Highly vascularized connective tissue that is only produced after extensive tissue damage is:
Granulation tissue
The following are signs of Feline Herpesvirus EXCEPT:
Halitosis
What can you use in the clinic for effective client education and increased compliance?
Handouts
What inflammatory exudate contains RBC as primary cell type? (ex. bruse).
Hemorrhagic
What does CAV-2 cause?
Hepatitis
What is herd immunity?
Herd immunity is when most of the population is vaccinated for a disease which provides some protection for those who are not vaccinated and haven't built up an immunity for the disease
What is granulation tissue?
Highly vascularized connective tissue that is only produced after extensive tissue damage
What are the two types of testing that detect rabies?
IFA and Histopathology
For the canine parvo virus vaccine, what is the significance to testing for parvo and the vaccination?
If the vaccination was given 4-8 days prior to test the test could show a false positive because the modified live vaccine sheds viral particles during that time frame.
What does the acronym IFA test stand for?
Immunofluorescent Antibody test
Why is a fever good?
Increased temperature may stop or slow down the growth of pathogens.
What type of vaccine is lyophilized (freeze-dried)?-
Infectious vaccine
What type of vaccine alters the pathogen so doesn't cause disease, but still infects the host?
Infectious vaccines
What are 5 types of innate immunity?
Inflammation, fever, antimicrobial, proteins, phagocytes
What kind of object can you provide to help guide new cat owners to understand their cat's behavior as well as give a detailed description of preventative healthcare?
Informational handouts and packets.
Inflammation, fever, antimicrobial, proteins, and phagocytes are part of which non-specific immunity
Innate (2nd line)
5) How is Intratrac 3 administered?
Intranasally
What do neurotropic viruses do?
Invade and destroy cells of the CNS
How does a virus destroy the cell?
It suppresses the cells metabolic activity and causes cell to lyse.
What types of facilities would the Giardia vaccine most commonly would be given?
Kennels or Boarding; in case of a Giardia breakout
What can happen if you administer a Panleukopenia vaccine to a pregnant queen?
Kittens to be born with cerebellar hypoplasia
What amino acid helps treat chronic infections of FHV-1?
L-lysine
2.) An infection where the individual does not show signs of disease, unless under stressful conditions.
Latent infection
Which term describes an infection where the individual does not show signs of disease, unless under stressful conditions?
Latent infection
Where does the AAHA recommend to give canine non-core vaccines?-
Left hind
Which vaccine should all kittens get?
Leukemia; Even if it is an inside cat, they can still be exposed to the outside.
What kind of disease affects a small area or part of the body?
Local disease.
What is Borrelia burgdorferi?
Lyme disease, Tickbourne disease
In the blood they are called monocytes yet when they migrate to different tissues and organs they are?
Macrophages
When boosting a vaccine, what is the onset and/or duration of immunity.
Manufacturer's recommendations. Varying durations of immunity
Stage 2 of Rabies includes ____.
Marked aggression/fear
What is Canine coronavirus?
Mild, self-limiting GI Virus
What kind of vaccine is the feline panleukopenia virus?
Modified live vaccine.
Cats do not clear FIV from system and all eventually become ill, but it can take:
Months to years
What inflammatory exudate causes mixed mucus and purulent?
Mucopurulent
Cancer is a ____ in cell genes that control the cell growth and division.
Mutation
What type of immunity is acquired from the mother?
Natural - Passive
How do neurotropic viruses effect the body?
Neurotropic viruses invade and destroy cells of the CNS
Does Chlamydophila felis survive in the environment for a long duration of time?
No
What are elective vaccines also referred to as? Name at least one of them.
Non-core vaccines.
Which vaccines are more stable and can be sold and stored in liquid form?
Noninfectious vaccines
What are the two vaccine types?
Noninfectious vaccines (Killed virus) and Infectious vaccines (Modified Live)
Which vaccine type requires the addition of adjuvants as immunologic stimulant?
Noninfectious vaccines (killed virus)
When are pyrogens released?
Often, with the detection of pathogen or tissue damage
Where are feline calicivirus ulcers located?
On the tongue, gums, and lips.
Who can vaccinate against rabies?
Only licensed veterinarians and veterinary technicians.
Name any 2 CLASSIC signs of inflammation.
Pain, Heat, Redness, Swelling, Loss of function
What are the 5 classic signs of inflammation?
Pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.
What are the classic signs of inflammation?
Pain, heat, swelling, redness, loss of function
At what stage of rabies does ataxia and progressive paralysis present?
Paralytic or "Dumb" Stage
In what stage of rabies do we note ataxia and progressive paralysis?
Paralytic stage
List 5 topics that should be discussed during the initial visit:
Parasite control, husbandry/ development, nutrition, training, spay/ neuter, behavior, exercise, kennel requirements, potentially toxic food requirements.
Give 3 examples of what should we educate the owner on during the initial visit.
Parasite control, neutering/spaying, and nutrition
Signs of distemper in dogs are all of the following except:
Polydipsia
In what cats would you not want to give the panleukopenia vaccines?
Pregnant queens and kittens under the age of 4 weeks old
What can a veterinary technician NOT do?
Prescribe medication, diagnosis, determine Prognosis, perform surgery
What are the three types of diagnoses?
Presumptive, definitive, differential
Name the 2 types of IMHA and how they are caused.
Primary: idiopathic; Secondary: caused by vaccines, drug therapies, neoplasia, or infection
What are the 3 phases of Rabies?
Prodromal, "Furious" or Excitatory Stage, & Paralytic (Dumb) Phase
What is active immunity?
Protection induced in host by antigen
What inflammatory exudate results in large numbers of neutrophils and gross cell debris?
Purulent/Suppurative
What disease is caused by Rhabdovirus and is fatal?
Rabies
Which is a core vaccine for canines in the US?
Rabies
Which virus is always fatal in cats and dogs?
Rabies
What are the 4 core vaccinations?
Rabies -Canine Distemper virus (CDV) -Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) -Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)
What does IFA testing detect?
Rabies antigen in brain tissue
Why is rabies testing not accurate?
Rabies is not always visible on the tests which creates false negatives
Name 2 of 4 CORE vaccines:
Rabies, Canine distemper virus (CDV), Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2)
What is an example of a neurotropic virus?
Rabies.
Why should you confirm usage and wait to draw up a reconstituted vaccination?
Reconstituted vaccinations are less stable than the liquid vaccines, and if constituted they must be used within 1 hour or thrown away
What term describes a carrier or alternative host that maintains an organism within the environment?
Reservoir
What term describes the ability to ward of a disease (immune)?
Resistance
Where is the DA2PP vaccine given?
Right front
The FVR vaccine is given where?
Right front leg
The canine vaccine site for rabies, recommended by AAHA are:
Right hind leg
Where is the rabies vaccine typically administered?
Right hind limb
Where is the rabies vaccine injected?
Right rear leg
3.) What is an example of a fibrinous inflammatory exudate?
Scab
What is a possible lifelong outcome if a dog survives distemper virus?
Seizures
What inflammatory exudate causes fluid with low protein? (ex. blisters).
Serous
Name three inflammatory exudates:
Serous, Fibrinous, Purulent/Suppurative, Hemorrhagic, Mucopurulent, Eosinophilic, Nonsuppurative, Caseous
What is Anaphylaxis?
Severe allergic or hypersensitivity response and may lead to shock or cardiopulmonary arrest.
What is one sign of Canine Parvovirus?
Severe vomiting and hemorrhagic diarrhea
Where should vaccines be given in dogs and cats?
Shoulder or lower
What are the characteristics of RBC to look for when doing a morphology?
Size, shape, and color.
The first line of defense is provided by what?
Skin and mucous membranes which provide a physical barrier
Canine Distemper is transmitted by?
Skunk, raccoon, fox, coyote
What is Oncology?
Study and treatment of tumors
Most common route of administration?
Subcutaneous
FHV and FCV vaccine are available by:
Subcutaneous Injections and Intranasl form
If a dog presents with Canine Influenza, what kind of treatment should the dog recieve?
Supportive care, Cough suppressants, IV Fluids, Antibiotics (for pneumonia)
What cells aid in the control of the immune response?
Suppressor T cells
What term describes a disease that affects several organs/tissues or body systems?
Systemic
What is one of the few countries in the world that doesn't contain or allow rabid animals?
The UK
What is the definition of artificial immunity?
The animal is intentionally exposed
Why do puppies need booster vaccinations?
The antibodies they receive from their mother protect them but can also block vaccine response.
Why is the Giardia vaccine not recommended?
The effectiveness is not guaranteed
Which animal should scare you more: An obviously aggressive canine with unknown vaccinations or a "feisty" kitten who has no known history that was found wandering around?
The feisty kitten, because the kitten could have a zoonotic/infectious disease and will be handled with less caution than the aggressive canine.
Why would a cat diagnosed with the feline calicivirus not want to eat?
The feline calicivirus can cause mouth ulcers
How does fever play a role in inflammation and the immune system?
The increased temperature is not tolerated by organisms which causes them to slow down or stop growing
What is the most accurate definition for the age of a senior dog?
The last 25% of the expected life span
The rabies virus attacks the:
The nervous system
Why do they recommend the feline leukemia vaccine for kittens?
The owners may change their mind about having an indoor cat; the kitten would be covered if it were to go outside or if it came into contact with an infected cat
Define incubation period.
The period of time from when the pathogen enters the body until signs of disease occur
Why were transdermal vaccines created?
The transdermal vaccine does not cause feline injection site sarcomas
Why does the rabies virus most often end in death?
The virus travels up the peripheral nerves and to the spinal cord and brain which is not reversable
How much time do you have to administer a reconstituted vaccine?
They must be administered within one hour of reconstitution. Do not reconstitute until confirmed!
Why is the FIV vaccine not recommended?
They will still test positive for the antibody if they don't have FIV and have received the vaccine. This could lead to confusion in an emergency.
What is one of the most common holiday items that cats like to play with that are toxic and can severely damage their GI system?
Tinsel (Silver Lameta)
Why do we vaccine pets?
To protect animals (individual and herd) and humans against infectious agents
Distemper is a disease that would have signs of RBC inclusions.
True
Foxes can transmit canine distemper.
True
Inflammation can overreact and cause damage.
True
Lymphocytes are almost all nucleus T or F?
True
T or F is a hand differential part of your CBC?
True
T/F All dogs can be suseptible to Canine Parvovirus, but high risk breeds are considered to be Rottweilers, Dobermans, German Shepards, Pit Pulls, and Labradors.
True
T/F CAV-2 is a core canine vaccine.
True
T/F The CAV-2 vaccine is generally given, as it protects the animal from both strands of the Canine Adenovirus Type 1 and 2.
True
T/F The CAV1 vaccine is found to cause "blue eye" and renal dysfunction as adverse side effects.
True
T/F The rabies vaccine is administered into the right hind.
True
T/F Wellness visits are recommended every 3 to 4 weeks until 16 weeks old.
True
TRUE OR FALSE: Vaccine reactions such as facial swelling / breathing difficulty, vomiting or diarrhea and hives are serious and require treatment.
True
The Giardia vaccine is not proven to be effective.
True
True / False: Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) is highly contagious and is spread through oral ingestion of infected feces.-
True
True or False: According to AAFP guidelines, the Rabies vaccine is considered a non-core vaccine because it's an international guideline.
True
True or False: Can some viruses remain latent for years?
True
True or False: Cats may become infected and test positive for Lyme antibodies, but no documented cases of illness have been found.
True
True or False: Cats vaccinated for FIV may show a positive test result due to antibodies in the blood.
True
True or False: FHV-1 and FCV vaccinations are available SubQ or intranasal.
True
True or False: Outside of the US, Rabies kills more than 59,000 people every year. The most affected countries are in Africa and Asia, and almost half of the victims are children under the age of 15.
True
True or False: Panleukopenia (FPV) is highly contagious.
True
True or False: Rabies control laws currently do NOT include the use of titers in place of vaccination.
True
True or False: Rabies will survive for up to 2 hours in dried saliva and 24-48 hours in the nervous tissue at room temperature.
True
True or False: Some states are considering laws in support of the use of titers in animals that experience adverse reactions to vaccines.
True
True or False: The AAFP considers rabies to be a noncore vaccine due to recommendations that cats be indoors. True or false?
True
True or False: The Canine Parvo Snap test be used to test for Feline Parvo.
True
True or False: The Rabies vaccine is known to cause cancerous tumors and health complications, mostly in cats.
True
True or False: There are laboratories that are NOT accredited that are allowed to determine titer results, which can sometimes result in low-quality and inaccurate test methods.
True
True or False: Vaccine Associated Sarcomas are more recently identified as Feline Injection Site Sarcoma.
True
True or False: Viruses bind to the surface of host cells.
True
True or False: You cannot administer a modified live Feline Panleukopenia vaccine to pregnant queens or kittens under 4 weeks of age.
True
True or false. Viruses are far more easier to prevent.
True
Vaccines should be given in the shoulder or lower in cats and dogs.
True
Veterinary health care team members must be aware of local or regional rabies immunization laws before administering the vaccination.
True
While adverse reactions to vaccination can occur in many species, the rate of these reactions is low.
True
True or False: Rabies should be given as farther down the leg as you can give it.
True. In case of a sarcoma appearing then it can actually be an amputation.
True or False: Canine Parvovirus has a treatment plan that will require isolation?
True; because it is highly contagious
Anaphylaxis and angioedema would be classified as what type of hypersensitivity reaction?
Type 1
How many steps are there to hypersensitivity, and what are they?
Type I= immediate; Type II= cytotoxic; Type III= immune complex; Type IV= delayed
What is the worst hypersensitivity reaction called?
Type IV : delayed
What is the prevention method for CPiV?
Vaccinations
Why are vaccines necessary?
Vaccines are necessary because they are part of preventative medicine that protects the animal against infectious agents so that we don't have to treat them for these diseases and they don't spread the disease to other animals
What are three examples of owner education that should be discussed first visit?
Vaccines, Behavior and Neuter /spay
What decides if a tech can give a rabies vaccine?
Varies depending on the state.
Why do we try to wait for 14-16 weeks for the last vaccine?
Waiting for maternal antibodies to wear off
AAHA Canine Vaccination Guidelines, vaccine types are classified into what two major categories?
What noninfectious and infectious
Diagnosis for FIP is based on clinical signs and fluid analysis. The fluid will be ______ in color with a high total protein.
Yellow
If vaccinated with leukemia vaccine, can felines test positive?
Yes
What term describes an infectious disease that can be passed from animal to man?
Zoonotic
List 5 reasons a Veterinary Technician needs pathology information.
client education, prevent the spread of pathogens, facilitate patient care, protect against zoonotic diseases, anticipate the veterinarians needs
What is the difference between horizontal disease transmission and vertical transmission?
horizontal is transmitted from unrelated animals, whereas vertical transmission is transmitted from mother to offspring in the period prior to birth or immediately after birth
What are the 5 cells that help with phagocytosis?
neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells
Give three examples of pathogens:
parasites, protozoans, bacteria, fungi, Ricketssiae, chlamydae, viruses, mycoplasmas
What chemical is released often when a pathogen is detected, and help increase body temperature?
pyrogens
