Vol 5 (Trauma Ch. 1-6)

13. Which level of trauma facility has minimal surgical support but can stabilize before transferring to a higher-level trauma facility? a. III b. II c. IV d. I

13. a.III

14. Which of the following statements about trauma is TRUE? a. Life-threatening injuries may exist with little external evidence. b. Dramatic-appearing extremity injuries may draw the paramedic's focus from life-threatening injuries. c. Life-threatening injury occurs in less than 10 percent of trauma patients. d. All of the above are true.

14. d.All of the above are true. Feedback:

15. The leading cause of death in people under age 44 is: a. Heart attack. b. Trauma. c. Cancer. d. Cardiovascular disease.

15. b.Trauma.

16. Which of the following patients is NOT a candidate for air medical transport? a. Combative trauma patient b. Seriously injured patient with cardiac tamponade c. Patient with prolonged extrication time d. Burn patient with over 50 percent second-degree burns

16. a.Combative trauma patient Feedback: Hints:

18. Modern medicine treats trauma as a ________. a. Crisis b. Disease c. Life threat d. Medical problem

18. b.Disease

19. A trauma center that has surgical care capability available at all times and can handle all but the most seriously injured specialty and multisystem trauma patients is a Level ______ __ trauma center. a. III b. I c. IV d. II

19. d.II

2. Which of the following accounts for the highest number of trauma deaths in the United States of America? a. Motor vehicle crashes b. Falls c. Assaults d. Firearms injuries

2. a.Motor vehicle crashes Feedback:

20. Which of the following is the best, most cost-effective way for EMS personnel to help reduce trauma-related morbidity and mortality? a. Participate in injury-prevention programs b. Keep up-to-date on trauma management knowledge and skills c. Transport all trauma patients to a trauma center d. Provide complete patient care reports so that accurate data can be entered into the trauma registry

20. a.Participate in injury-prevention programs Feedback:

21. Which level of trauma facility stabilizes and prepares to transport trauma patients to a higher-level facility but does NOT necessarily have surgical capabilities? a. I b. II c. IV d. III

21. c.IV

22. Which of the following mechanisms would yield the greatest index of suspicion for serious injury? a. Helmeted bicyclist losing control and falling off his bike onto a gravel surface at 15 miles per hour b. Adult falling 12 feet from a ladder landing in the mud c. Fifty-mile-per-hour motor vehicle crash with partial ejection d. Roll-over motor vehicle collision with a restrained driver

22. c.Fifty-mile-per-hour motor vehicle crash with partial ejection Feedback:

23. Which level of trauma facility can provide neurosurgery, microsurgery, and care for multisystem trauma? a. III b. II c. I d. IV

23. c.I

25. of the following best differentiates medical and trauma patient assessment? a. There is no concept for "medical load and go" patients. b. Palpation is frequently not as crucial when assessing the medical patient. c. Scene safety is not an issue with the medical patient. d. Assessing breath sounds is not crucial to trauma assessment.

25. b.Palpation is frequently not as crucial when assessing the medical patient. Feedback:

26. Which of the following mechanisms of injury does NOT call for immediate transport to a trauma center? a. Motor vehicle crash with a 20-mile-per-hour impact b. Pedestrian struck by a vehicle at 25 miles per hour c. Thirty-foot fall from a tree d. Motor vehicle crash requiring 1 hour for patient extrication

26. a.Motor vehicle crash with a 20-mile-per-hour impact Feedback:

27. Which of the following is an acceptable way of reducing prehospital time to maximize the use of the "Golden Period" for trauma patients? a. Skip spinal immobilization in the blunt trauma patient b. Start all IVs on the scene to allow for more rapid transport c. Load the patients and begin transport before doing a primary assessment d. Call for air medical transport, if indicated

27. d.Call for air medical transport, if indicated Feedback:

28. Which of the following means "the anticipation of injury to a body region or organ"? a. Index of injury b. Index of suspicion c. Newton's First Law of Motion d. Mechanism of injury

28. b.Index of suspicion Feedback:

29. Which of the following is generally considered to be important in the assessment of both medical and trauma patients (the others being generally reserved for a trauma patient)? a. The detailed exam b. The reassessment c. The identification of mechanism of injury d. The rapid trauma assessment

29. b.The reassessment Feedback:

3. Which of the following acts resulted in the development of modern EMS systems? a. Ryan White Act b. Highway Safety Act of 1966 c. Good Samaritan Act d. The Trauma Care Systems Planning and Development Act of 1990

3. b.Highway Safety Act of 1966 Feedback:

30. According to the Haddon Matrix, which of the following would be a pre-event host factor impacting the risk for injury in a vehicle collision? a. Level of EMS providers responding b. The type of vehicle c. Using a cellular phone while driving d. Road design

30. c.Using a cellular phone while driving Feedback:

31. Vehicle supplemental restraint systems (air bags) are meant to: a. Prevent unrestrained occupants from taking the down-and-under pathway in frontal impacts b. Protect infants and children who ride in the front seat of the vehicle c. Prevent injury from secondary impacts d. Absorb the energy exchange of rapid deceleration

31. d.Absorb the energy exchange of rapid deceleration Feedback:

41. Which of the following is TRUE of the differences between adult and pediatric pedestrians when struck by a vehicle? a. Adults tend to be thrown under the vehicle. b. Children tend to be thrown onto the hood of the vehicle. c. Children tend to turn toward the vehicle. d. Adults tend to turn toward the vehicle.

41. c.Children tend to turn toward the vehicle. Feedback:

42. Which of the following is most likely to be fractured from a fall onto outstretched hands? a. Carpals b. Metacarpals c. Clavicle d. Ulna

42. c.Clavicle Feedback:

43. Your patient, a 23-year-old woman who is 6 months pregnant, was the unrestrained driver of a vehicle that rear-ended a parked car. The air bag deployed. Considering the likelihood of organ collision, for which of the following injuries should you maintain a high index of suspicion? a. Cardiac contusion b. Anterior flail segment c. Abruptio placentae d. Fractured sternum

43. c.Abruptio placentae Feedback:

68. In a motor vehicle collision, when the driver's chest strikes the steering wheel, what produces injury next? a. The air bag deploys a second time. b. The steering column shears off, causing penetrating trauma. c. Unsecured objects in the vehicle become projectiles. d. The heart continues its forward motion until it strikes the chest wall.

68. d.The heart continues its forward motion until it strikes the chest wall. Feedback:

69. When inspecting the interior of a vehicle involved in a frontal collision, you note that the dash panel beneath the steering wheel is broken. Which of the following injuries might this indicate? a. Fracture of the acetabulum b. Femur fracture c. Knee injury d. All of the above

69. d.All of the above

7. Which of the following requires immediate transport to a trauma center? a. A 40-year-old who fell 12 feet from a garage roof with a radius fracture b. A 36-year-old female in a motor vehicle crash who has a blood pressure of 100/60 c. A 22-year-old motorcyclist with a tibia fracture d. A 47-year-old involved in a motor vehicle crash that resulted in the death of his passenger

7. d.A 47-year-old involved in a motor vehicle crash that resulted in the death of his passenger

70. Which of the following injuries is associated with the tertiary phase of a blast? a. Crush injuries b. Barotrauma c. Burns d. Projectile injuries

70. a.Crush injuries Feedback:

71. Which of the following statements about the impact of motorcycle helmet usage is TRUE? a. Helmet use moderately increases the incidence of cervical spine injury. b. Helmet use moderately decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury. c. Helmet use substantially decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury. d. Helmet use neither increases nor decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury.

71. d.Helmet use neither increases nor decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury. Feedback:

72. Which of the following mechanisms in a motor vehicle collision would most likely result in a tear of the liver at the ligamentum teres? Gradual deceleration Sudden acceleration Sudden deceleration Gradual acceleration

72. c.Sudden deceleration Feedback:

73. of the following statements is NOT true of occupant ejection in motor vehiclecollisions? a. Ejection accounts for 27 percent of motor vehicle fatalities. b. The number of occupant impacts increases with ejection. c. Ejection has not been reported with lateral-impact collisions. d. Ejection is most often associated with frontal-impact collisions.

73. c.Ejection has not been reported with lateral-impact collisions. Feedback:

74. Which of the following may result from aggressive ventilation of the blast patient? a. Emboli b. Pericardial tamponade c. Hemorrhage d. Acidosis

74. a.Emboli

75. A vehicle is struck in its right front as it passes through an intersection, resulting in an oblique impact. Which of the passengers is subjected to the greatest acceleration forces? a. The right-rear passenger b. The left-rear passenger c. The front-seat passenger d. The driver

75. b.The left-rear passenger Feedback:

76. You have responded to a soccer field on which two 13-year-olds have collided during a game. Which of the following findings in either patient requires ambulance transport for further evaluation in the emergency department? a. Weakness in the upper extremities b. Complaint of "getting the wind knocked out of me" c. Contusion to the thigh d. Minor epistaxis

76. a.Weakness in the upper extremities Feedback:

78. You are the first arriving unit for injured persons due to a propane tank explosion. The first patient you notice is a young adult male who appears to be seriously injured. Which of the following should you do first? a. Request an arson investigator to come to the scene. b. Locate all patients. c. Do a scene size-up and establish incident command. d. Begin resuscitation of any patients who are apneic and/or pulseless.

78. c.Do a scene size-up and establish incident command. Feedback:

79. Which of the following is TRUE of supplemental restraint systems? a. They may deploy during rescue operations, injuring the patient and/or EMS personnel. b. When worn incorrectly, they may cause spinal injury or decapitation. c. They guard against thoracic impact with the steering wheel. d. They are primarily useful in preventing injury to infants and children riding in the front seat.

79. a.They may deploy during rescue operations, injuring the patient and/or EMS personnel.

8. As a paramedic your role in trauma care consists of all of the following EXCEPT: a. Providing rapid transport to appropriate facilities b. Promoting injury prevention c. Providing care to seriously injured trauma patients d. Providing surgical interventions to stop hemorrhage

8. d.Providing surgical interventions to stop hemorrhage

80. Which of the following mechanisms may result in a conventional explosion? Fumes Dust Aerosol propellants All of the above

80. d.All of the above Feedback:

81. of the following statements about low-velocity penetrating trauma is TRUE? a. Shorter knives and ice picks may be removed if they are left in the wound. b. There is no pressure shock wave with a knife wound as there is with an arrow wound. c. More injuries are sustained from arrows than from knives. d. Knives, arrows, ice picks, and similar weapons cause damage only in their direct path.

81. d.Knives, arrows, ice picks, and similar weapons cause damage only in their direct path.

82. Your patient is an eight-year-old male with a pencil impaled 2 centimeters inferior to the xiphoid process. You note that the pencil is pulsating. Which of the following is the best action? a. Start an IV and request orders for analgesia and sedation. b. Remove the pencil and apply direct pressure to the wound; transport to a trauma center if the bleeding does not stop with direct pressure. c. Stabilize the pencil in place and transport to a trauma center. d. Stabilize the pencil and transport to the nearest medical facility.

82. c.Stabilize the pencil in place and transport to a trauma center. Feedback:

83. The pathway of injury left in the wake of a penetrating mechanism of injury is called: a. Cone of injury b. Cavitation c. Profile d. Trajectory

83. b.Cavitation Feedback:

84. The passage through tissue of a high-energy bullet creates a temporary cavity and a permanent cavity. Which of the following statements is TRUE of the permanent cavity created by penetrating trauma? a. It is filled with disrupted tissues, some air, fluid, and debris. b. It is the damage done when the projectile fragments penetrate. c. It is a space created by a projectile as tissue moves rapidly away in its path. d. It is a potential space, not an actual space.

84. a.It is filled with disrupted tissues, some air, fluid, and debris. Feedback:

85. Which of the following is TRUE of the pressure wave that accompanies high-velocity penetrating trauma? a. Hollow organs are less tolerant of the stress than solid organs are. b. Pressure waves cause no injury to surrounding tissues; they only momentarily disrupt function. c. Elastic tissues are less tolerant of the stress than nonelastic tissues. d. The pressure wave may be transmitted through blood, resulting in damage to blood vessels some distance from the primary wound.

85. d.The pressure wave may be transmitted through blood, resulting in damage to blood vessels some distance from the primary wound. Feedback:

9. of the following is NOT true of trauma triage criteria? a. For patients who meet trauma triage criteria, the appropriate facility is the largest trauma center in your region. b. Assessment of vital signs/level of consciousness, anatomy of injury, mechanism of injury, and age of the patient are key elements of trauma triage criteria. c. Trauma triage criteria are geared to help you formulate an index of suspicion when making decisions about your trauma patient. d. Trauma triage criteria are guidelines to help you determine whether your patient needs transport to a trauma center.

9. a.For patients who meet trauma triage criteria, the appropriate facility is the largest trauma center in your region.

90. A penetrating injury to which of the following organs is LEAST likely to result in severe hemorrhage? a. Liver b. Kidney c. Spleen d. Ureter

90. d.Ureter

91. Which of the following is TRUE of shotgun ammunition? a. A shotgun may either fire one slug or use ammunition with multiple pellets. b. The shot is dispersed from the cartridge with high velocity. c. The closer the shooter is to the victim, the larger the area of visible damage. d. "Double ought" or #00 shot contains a large number of relatively small pellets.

91. a.A shotgun may either fire one slug or use ammunition with multiple pellets. Feedback:

92. Which of the following abdominal organs is the least affected by the pressure wave associated with penetrating trauma? a. Spleen b. Bowel c. Kidneys d. Liver

92. b.Bowel

93. The study of the characteristics of projectiles in motion and their effects on the objects they impact is called: a. Trajectory b. Cavitation c. Ballistics d. Forensics

93. c.Ballistics Feedback:

94. You have arrived on the scene of a 17-year-old male with a gunshot wound to the thigh. Police are on the scene. There is significant ongoing hemorrhage from the wound. The patient is screaming for someone to help him. Which of the following should you do first? a. Control hemorrhage with direct pressure. b. Perform a rapid trauma assessment. c. Ask the police if they have searched the patient for weapons yet. d. Begin high-concentration oxygen administration.

94. c.Ask the police if they have searched the patient for weapons yet. Feedback: Hints:

95. As a bullet tumbles, its potential to inflict damage: a. Increases Remains the same Is determined by the trajectory Decreases

95. a.Increases Feedback:

96. The path a projectile follows during a flight is called its: a. Cavity b. Ballistics c. Trajectory d. Drag

96. c.Trajectory Feedback:

97. Which of the following is TRUE of body armor use? a. There are no reported cases of penetrating trauma among victims who were shot while wearing body armor. b. Blunt trauma may be significant, but the potential for life-threatening injury is less than if armor had not been worn. c. Blunt trauma only occurs if ceramic inserts are placed in the vest. d. Ceramic inserts are dangerous and should not be used, because they generally fragment and create secondary projectiles when they are struck by a bullet.

97. b.Blunt trauma may be significant, but the potential for life-threatening injury is less than if armor had not been worn. Feedback:

98. Which of the following is most susceptible to damage from the pressure wave when a bullet enters it? a. Intestines b. Femoral artery c. Liver d. Lungs

98. c.Liver

99. Which of the following is TRUE about determining the pathway of the bullet when assessing a patient with a gunshot wound? a. You should try to determine the bullet's pathway. b. The purpose of determining the bullet's pathway is to anticipate which organs may have been affected, which will help to guide your priorities for on-scene care or rapid transport. c. It is difficult to determine the pathway of a bullet because it may not travel in a straight line, possibly being deflected by structures in its path or being shifted by natural movements of the diaphragm and other organs and structures of the body. d. All of the above

99. d.All of the above Feedback:

17. of the following is more relevant to the assessment and history of the medicalpatient than to the trauma patient? a. AVPU b. SAMPLE c. OPQRST d. DCAP-BTLS

17. c.OPQRST

24. Which of the following patients does NOT require specialty-center capabilities beyond that offered by a trauma center? a. A 67-year-old with second- and third-degree burns over 50 percent of the body b. A 25-year-old with amputation of three fingers c. A 4-year-old with a closed-head injury d. A 22-year-old with bilateral open femur fractures

24. d.A 22-year-old with bilateral open femur fractures Feedback:

86. Your patient is a 50-year-old male with a gunshot wound to the right anterior chest. He is unresponsive. Which of the following should you do first? a. Check for a carotid pulse. b. Seal the chest wound. c. Auscultate breath sounds. d. Check for breathing.

86. d.Check for breathing. Feedback:

32. When assessing a patient with a crush injury, which of the following findings would indicate that toxins have entered the central circulation? a. Hot, red skin b. Increased urine output c. Cardiac arrhythmia d. Central hyperventilation syndrome

32. c.Cardiac arrhythmia Feedback:

40. Applying Newton's second law of motion to a vehicle traveling 70 miles per hour, crashing into which of the following would transfer the most force to the patient? a. Bridge abutment b. Shrubbery c. A body of water d. Signpost

40. a.Bridge abutment Feedback:

48. Which of the following is TRUE of motorcycle collisions? a. Frontal impact can result in intraabdominal, pelvic, and femur injuries. b. A rider who "lays down the bike" will generally receive more severe injuries than a rider who stays with the bike. c. The structural steel of the vehicle absorbs most of the kinetic energy in a motorcycle collision. d. The use of helmets has drastically reduced the incidence of cervical spine injuries.

48. a.Frontal impact can result in intraabdominal, pelvic, and femur injuries. Feedback:

51. Which of the following contributes to a greater degree of injury than anticipated from vehicle damage alone in a lateral-impact motor vehicle collision? a. Increased gravitational forces due to multiple changes in direction and velocity b. Lack of a crumple zone c. Taking the up-and-over pathway d. The force of side-impact air bag deployment

51. b.Lack of a crumple zone Feedback: Hints:

52. Which of the following injuries is NOT commonly related to snowmobiling? a. Ejections b. Crush injuries c. Drowning d. Glancing blows against obstructions in the snow

52. c.Drowning

53. Which of the following is the most important priority when caring for a patient with a shallow-water diving injury? a. Assessing the cervical spine for deformity b. Maintaining cervical spine stabilization while opening the airway c. Removing the patient from the water as soon as possible d. Initiating rescue breathing once out of the water

53. b.Maintaining cervical spine stabilization while opening the airway Feedback:

54. Which of the following impacts the severity of injury sustained in a motor vehicle collision? a. Gross vehicle weight b. Rate of acceleration or deceleration c. Vehicle speed d. All of the above

54. d.All of the above Feedback:

77. Which type of motor vehicle collision is most common in rural areas? a. Frontal b. Lateral c. Rollover d. Rear-end

77. a.Frontal

87. Your patient is a 30-year-old female with a stab wound to the neck. She is sitting up and appears very anxious and short of breath. There is minimal external bleeding noted, but there is bubbling from the wound. Which of the following should you suspect, based on the mechanism of injury and assessment findings? a. Laceration of the trachea An injury to the spinal cord at the level of the stab wound Laceration of the ipsilateral carotid artery All of the above

87. a.Laceration of the trachea Feedback:

88. If you were to design a bullet to have the highest energy exchange, what would you do? a. Decrease the drag b. Increase the caliber c. Decrease the bullet's trajectory d. Design the bullet to become more unstable

88. d.Design the bullet to become more unstable Feedback:

89. Which of the following is most important when assessing the damage done by a gunshot? a. The type of gun used b. The size of the bullet c. The distance from the shooter d. Whether there was an upward or a downward trajectory when the bullet was fired

89. c.The distance from the shooter Feedback:

66. Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of recreational vehicles involved in crashes? a. Snowmobiles b. Jet Skis c. All-terrain vehicles d. Go-carts

66. d.Go-carts Feedback:

67. Which of the following traumas contributes most significantly to motor vehicle collision mortality? a. Chest b. Head c. Abdominal d. Cervical spine

67. b.Head

58. Which of the following injuries is associated with the pressure wave produced by a blast? a. Pneumothorax b. Lacerated liver c. Fractures d. Ruptured spleen

58. a.Pneumothorax Feedback:

11. Which of the following is NOT an example of trauma? a. An abrasion to the knee b. Chest pain c. Cerebral contusion d. A stab wound to the abdomen

11. b.Chest pain Feedback:

12. Which of the following is NOT a consideration when assessing a trauma patient? a. SAMPLE history b. MedicAlert bracelets c. Underlying medical conditions d. Medical insurance coverage

12. d.Medical insurance coverage Feedback:

1. The purpose of determining the mechanism of injury and the index of suspicion for the trauma patient at the same time is to allow you to: a. Decide whether to transport the patient b. Identify comorbid factors c. Document a complete scene size-up d. Anticipate your patient's injuries

1. d.Anticipate your patient's injuries Feedback:

10. Which of the following is NOT considered a significant mechanism of injury in pediatric patients? a. Vehicle collision with intrusion into compartment where child is a passenger b. Fall of 5 feet c. Bicycle-vehicle collision at 30 mph d. Any collision in which a child is ejected from the vehicle

10. b.Fall of 5 feet

100. Which statement about ballistics is TRUE? a. Damage is less when the bullet does not exit the body. b. When a bullet tumbles, it decreases the damage. c. In penetrating trauma, the mass of a projectile is more significant than its velocity when determining kinetic energy. d. When a bullet yaws, it increases the damage.

100. d.When a bullet yaws, it increases the damage. Feedback:

33. People in which of the following age groups are prone to significant trauma due to falls? a. College-aged adults b. Geriatric population c. Pediatric population d. Teenagers

33. b.Geriatric population Feedback:

34. Which of the following is NOT a complication of crush syndrome? a. Renal failure b. Difficult-to-control hemorrhage c. Cardiac arrhythmias d. Systemic alkalosis

34. d.Systemic alkalosis Feedback:

35. The two factors that refer to the rate of change of speed are: a. Deceleration and velocity b. Mass and weight c. Acceleration and deceleration d. Acceleration and inertia

35. c.Acceleration and deceleration Feedback:

36. Which of the following injuries is most likely in a rear-end collision? a. Thoracic and abdominal injuries b. Head and neck injuries c. Pelvic fractures d. Lumbar spine injuries

36. b.Head and neck injuries Feedback:

37. You are called to the scene of a vehicle crash in which a car was rear-ended while stopped at a stop sign. Which of the following laws of physics serves as the basis for analyzing the mechanism of injury and the associated index of suspicion for injuries? a. The amount of energy transmitted to an object is inversely proportional to its rate of deceleration. b. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. c. A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force. d. A body in motion will remain in motion unless acted on by an outside force.

37. c.A body at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force. Feedback:

38. In falls, which section of the spinal column is the MOST prone to compression injury? a. Sacral b. Cervical c. Thoracic d. Lumbar

38. d.Lumbar

39. Which of the following injuries is NOT associated with the use of vehicle restraint systems? a. Traumatic brain injury b. Abrasions and contusions to the clavicle and chest area c. Lumbar spine trauma d. Abdominal injury

39. a.Traumatic brain injury

4. In addition to handling all types of specialty trauma, which level of trauma center provides continuing medical and public education programs? a. IV b. III c. I d. II

4. c.I

44. Which of the following best describes why the occupants of a vehicle moving at 50 miles per hour will be injured when the vehicle strikes a tree but not when it brakes to a stop? a. Braking allows the kinetic energy to be absorbed evenly into the frame of the vehicle, rather than concentrating it at the point of impact. b. The energy gradually dissipates as heat due to the friction of braking, rather than transferring to the vehicle and its occupants. c. The inertia of the tree increases the kinetic energy transmitted to the occupants by a factor of 10. d. None of the above describes why.

44. b.The energy gradually dissipates as heat due to the friction of braking, rather than transferring to the vehicle and its occupants. Feedback:

45. In frontal impact collisions which pathway of patient travel results in higher mortality? a. Vertical b. Straight c. Up-and-over d. Down-and-under

45. c.Up-and-over Feedback:

46. Upon arriving at the scene of a single-vehicle collision in which the vehicle struck a utility pole, you note that the windshield is "spidered," or "starred," and that the driver was not restrained. Which of the following injuries is most likely? a. Whiplash injury of the neck muscles b. Compression injury of the cervical spine c. Distraction injury of the cervical spine d. Ligamentous neck injury due to rotation beyond the range of motion

46. b.Compression injury of the cervical spine Feedback:

47. Which of the following factors is NOT a consideration in the severity of injury related to falls? a. Landing surface b. Wind resistance c. The initial point of impact d. Distance of the fall

47. b.Wind resistance Feedback:

49. In which of the following types of impact should you have a higher index of suspicion because the degree of injury may be greater than the damage alone indicates? a. Rear-end b. Oblique c. Lateral d. Frontal

49. c.Lateral

5. Upon arriving on a scene where the mechanism of injury indicates a potentially lifethreatening injury, you should employ which of the following interventions to BEST help deliver the care that is needed? a. Reevaluate the scene size-up. b. Initiate transport immediately, delaying more extensive care until you are en route. c. Ask a surgeon to respond to the scene. d. Call immediately for air medical transport to reduce the "Golden Period."

5. b.Initiate transport immediately, delaying more extensive care until you are en route.

50. Which of the following best defines the term energy? a. The ability to deform solid objects b. The rate of motion related to time c. The capacity to do work d. The amount of heat generated through friction

50. c.The capacity to do work Feedback:

55. Which of the following is NOT a type of collision that must be considered when analyzing a motor vehicle collision? a. The vehicle strikes an object b. The occupants' organs strike the interior of the body cavity c. The body of the occupant strikes the interior of the vehicle d. A hubcap flies off and strikes a tree

55. d.A hubcap flies off and strikes a tree Feedback:

56. Which of the following best describes what happens to the kinetic energy of a vehicle traveling at 65 miles per hour when it collides into a concrete barrier wall? a. The energy dissipates as sound waves. b. The body of the vehicle and its occupants absorb the energy. c. The wall's foundation absorbs the energy. d. The energy converts to heat through friction.

56. b.The body of the vehicle and its occupants absorb the energy. Feedback:

65. of the following is TRUE of the injuries sustained by the elderly due to falls? a. The injuries sustained by the elderly are less likely to result in hospitalization. b. Only more significant falls cause fractures. c. Less significant falls may cause fractures. d. The elderly sustain injuries similar to other age groups in comparable falls

65. c.Less significant falls may cause fractures. Feedback: Hints:

57. two of the following factors proportionately affect the kinetic energy of a bullet firedfrom a gun? a. Friction and distance b. Mass and friction c. Velocity and mass d. Friction and velocity

57. c.Velocity and mass Feedback:

59. Axial loading is most likely to occur in which type of impact? a. Frontal with an up-and-over pathway b. Frontal with a down-and-under pathway c. Rear with the headrest too low d. Lateral on the side of the vehicle opposite the occupant

59. a.Frontal with an up-and-over pathway

6. Which of the following physical findings indicates the need for immediate transport? a. Vital signs: systolic blood pressure 80, respiratory rate 8 b. Glasgow Coma Scale Score of 15 c. Second-degree burns involving 9 percent of total body surface area in an adult patient d. Fractured right femur

6. a.Vital signs: systolic blood pressure 80, respiratory rate 8

60. Which of the following "paper bag syndrome" injuries may occur due to sudden compression of the thorax or abdomen? a. Pulmonary and myocardial contusions b. Pneumothorax and diaphragmatic rupture c. Cardiac tamponade and aortic dissection d. Pneumothorax and myocardial contusion

60. b.Pneumothorax and diaphragmatic rupture Feedback:

61. Which of the following statements about lateral impact collisions is TRUE? a. The substantial lateral crumple zone prevents most injuries. b. Damage to the vehicle is a reliable indication of the seriousness of injuries. c. The degree of injury may be greater than the damage alone would indicate. d. Fatalities are rare because the upper extremities absorb the energy.

61. c.The degree of injury may be greater than the damage alone would indicate. Feedback:

62. Which of the following mechanisms is most consistent with fractured vertebrae from a rapid lateral twisting motion? a. Direct trauma, such as from a blow to the head b. Low-velocity penetrating trauma from an ice pick c. High-velocity penetrating trauma from a gunshot wound d. Lateral-impact motor vehicle collision

62. d.Lateral-impact motor vehicle collision Feedback:

63. Frontal impacts in which the patient takes a "down-and-under" pathway typically result in which of the following injury patterns? a. Traumatic brain injury b. Hip and femur fractures c. Rupture of the diaphragm d. Rupture of hollow organs

63. b.Hip and femur fractures Feedback:

64. You are dispatched to a building collapse with an entrapped patient who will require a lengthy extrication. Which of the following medications should you consider for this patient while awaiting extrication? Sodium bicarbonate Diazepam Furosemide Calcium channel blockers

64. a.Sodium bicarbonate Feedback: