Water Pollution Test
b
A man-made pond constructed to hold animal waste is called a a. septic tank b. manure lagoon c. feed lot d. leach field e. sewage treatment plant
e
A man-made pond constructed to hold animal waste is called a a. septic tank b. manure lagoon c. feed lot d. leach field e. sewage treatment plant
b
Bacteria are beneficial to wastewater treatment because a. they help solid material to settle out of the wastewater b. they naturally break down organic matter c. the nutrients produced are beneficial to the treated water d. a and b are true e. all of the above are beneficial aspects
d
Dead zones, such as the one in the Gulf of Mexico that exists off the coast of Louisiana, are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT a. a reduced number of shellfish b. fish die-off events c. low oxygen concentrations in the water d. low nitrogen concentrations e. a reduced number of marine plant species
d
Environmental advantages of septic tanks include all of the following EXCEPT a. gravity is used to move the water b. water is returned to the local environment c. sewage is broken down by natural means d. no byproducts of water treatment remain e. harmful pathogens can be degraded by soil microorganisms
a
For which substances does the EPA allow a MCL (maximum contaminant level) of 0 in drinking water? a. Giardia and Fecal coliform b. Giardia and Arsenic c. Mercury and Atrazine d. Mercury and Fecal coliform e. Benzene and Mercury
d
Human wastewater entering into bodies of water can be dangerous because I. It causes a drop in the biological oxygen demand II. It can lead to cultural eutrophication III. The wastewater can carry pathogens a. I only b. II only c. III only d. II and III only e. I, II, and III
they do exactly what they are supposed to do EX: kills bugs that are either infesting someones house or eating crops
Intended effects of pesticide use
d
It is estimated that initially the Deepwater Horizon oil platform accident released 53,000 barrels per day. At one barrel equivalent to 42 gallons that would result in roughly ____ gallons per day. a. 22 billion b. 2 billion c. 22 million d. 2 million e. 200 thousand
a
Mercury is especially dangerous to the general public due to a. its accumulation as it moves up the aquatic food chain b. the incineration of household waste c. the lack of regulation against emissions in the United States d. its effect on the respiratory system of infants e. it occurring naturally in bedrock
c
Methods used to remove spilled oil from the surface of the ocean include I. containment boom and oil vacuums II. chemical dispersants III. large screens a. I only b. II only c. I and II only d. I and III only e. I, II, and III
cancer
PCB's cause __________
b
Primary treatment in a sewage treatment plant is designed to a. remove pathogens from wastewater b. remove solids from wastewater c. create sludge for use as fertilizer d. move water from municipalities to the plant e. recycle water
b
Put the events leading to cultural eutrophication in the correct order. W - leaching of nutrients from fertilized agricultural lands X - fish die-off Y - algal bloom a. W->X->Y b. W->Y->X c. X->Y->W d. X->W->Y e. Y->X->W
c
The Federal Water Pollution control Act of 1948 was the precursor legislation to the a. Endangered Species Act b. Clean Air Act c. Clean Water Act d. Cradle to Grave Legislation e. Superfund Act
e
The United States legislation that empowers the EPA to establish maximum contaminant levels in drinking water is a. The Clean Water Act b. The Superfund Act c. The Clean Air Act d. The MCL Act e. The Safe Drinking Water Act
b
The difference between a point source and a nonpoint source of water pollution is a. a nonpoint source is easily identifiable b. point sources can be targeted for reduction c. nonpoint sources tend to be factory outputs d. point sources tend to be agricultural in nature e. nonpoint sources are less harmful to the environment
lead to serious health implications to man and his environment
Unintended effects of pesticide use
the amount of carbon exchanged between Earth's carbon pools - the oceans, atmosphere, land, and living things ex:carbon in the atmosphere is used in photosynthesis to create new plant material.
What are carbon fluxes?
a forest, ocean, or other natural environment viewed in terms of its ability to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. ex:ocean, plants, soil
What are carbon sinks?
-cholera -stomach flu -typhoid fever -hepatitis -diarrhea
What are the diseases that you can get from exposure to pathogenic wastewater?
-excess nutrients enter waterways. -nutrients promote plant growth, especially algae. -algal bloom occurs. -algae die and are decomposed by bacteria. -decomposition of algae increase biological oxygen demand. -there is a drop in oxygen levels. -fish, macroinvertebrates and other aquatic life forms die.
What are the steps of cultural eutrophication?
-The Federal Water Pollution Control Act -The Clean Water Act -Safe Water Drinking Act
What are the three main federal laws regarding clean water?
it can be deadly to wildlife
What does noise pollution in oceans cause?
it removes material that will either float or readily settle out by gravity
What does primary treatment entail?
it is either put into an individual waste site or used for things like manure and brick manufacturing
What happens to the sludge from a WWTF?
a
What health threat is commonly found in the water of older homes due to old plumbing systems? a. lead b. sulfates c. mercury d. arsenic e. phosphates
the amount of oxygen a quantity of water uses over a period of time
What is BOD?
the pipes can have lead in them which well then get into the water and can be very dangerous to drink and use
What is so dangerous about the plumbing in old buildings
using a septic system lessens the risk of raw sewage discharges from treatment plants
What is the environment advantage of the septic tank?
b
What is the first step of treating wastewater at a municipal sewage treatment plant? X. Use of bacteria to break down organic matter Y. Solid waste material settles out Z. Disinfection using chlorine or ozone a. Use of bacteria to break down organic matter b. Solid waste material settles out c. Disinfection using chlorine or ozone d. Water is removed from sludge e. Water undergoes aeration to reduce offensive odors
water that has been used in the home, in a business, or as part of an industrial process
What is wastewater?
-Booms and skimmers: Booms contain the oil so that skimmers can collect it -Chemical Dispersants
What methods are used to remove oil spills from water
d
What substance is believed to be responsible for the development of eggs in the testes of some male fish? a. DDT b. PBDEs c. Perchlorates d. Reproductive hormones e. PCBs
the bacteria helps break down the organic matter
What the role of bacteria in a WWTF?
nitrogen and phosphorus
What two main pollutants involved in algal blooms /eutrophic areas?
Giardia and Fecal coliform
What two substances are "zero tolerance" in drinking water according to the EPA?
point source pollution has a single, identifiable source while nonpoint source pollution is a collection of pollutants from many different sources, not all of which are readily identifiable.
What's the difference between point source and nonpoint source water pollution?
e
Which of the following are types of wastewater? I. Sewage water from toilets II. Water from showering and bathing III. Water from washing clothes a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I, II, and III
a
Which of the following is NOT true regarding the Chesapeake Bay? a. it is one of many small estuaries along the east coast of the United States b. a large amount of sediment travels down the watershed into the bay c. it receives anthropogenic chemicals that adversely affect the local fish populations d. it receives nutrients from sewage treatment facilities e. it experiences algal blooms from the fertilizers used on the land of its watershed.
e
Which of the following is a possible end result for sludge from a sewage treatment plant? I. Deposited in a landfill II. Incinerated III. Used as a fertilizer a. I only b. II only c. III only d. I and II only e. I, II, and III
a
Which pollutant or pollutants are most likely to create eutrophic areas? a. nitrates and phosphates b. synthetic organic compounds c. heavy metals d. solid waste e. pharmaceuticals
The bacteria in human waste, such as E. coli, can infect the water and cause disease.
Why is wastewater dangerous?
Manure lagoon
a man-made outdoor earthen basin filled with animal waste that undergoes anaerobic respiration as part of a system designed to manage and treat refuse created by concentrated animal feeding operations
PTI
relative but quantitative indicator of potential toxicity that can be used to evaluate relationships between pesticide exposure and biological condition
