Week 3: Science Literacy
The general trends from a study are found in the __ section of a scholarly article or lab report.
results
Researchers found that chronically stressed individuals have significantly higher blood pressure compared to those with little stress. Which type of graph would be most appropriate to display the mean (average) blood pressure scores for high-stress and low-stress groups of people?
Bar graph with error bars
What is data called that are used for a new study but were collected by an earlier researcher for a different set of research questions?
Secondary data
Which is the most important factor to influence you to categorize a research article as trustworthy science?
The evaluation/peer-review of the article by unbiased third-party experts in the field
Which of the following statements are true?
The smaller the sample size, the greater the sampling error
Your interest is piqued by a story about human pheromones on the news. A Google search leads you to the following website. Using the screenshot of the Eros Foundation website, pick the best answer to determine if the source is reliable.
The source may not be reliable because the purpose of the site is to advertise a product.
Which of the following will produce the least sampling error?
A large sample based on random sampling
Your doctor prescribed you a drug that is brand new. The drug has some significant side effects, so you do some research to determine the effectiveness of the new drug compared to similar drugs on the market. Which of the following sources would provide the most accurate information?
A research study conducted by outside researchers
Which of the following is a valid scientific argument?
A strain of bacteria was genetically engineered to lack a certain gene, thus leaving the bacteria unable to perform cell division. Introduction of the gene back into the mutant bacteria restored the ability to perform cell division. These facts indicate that the gene is essential for cell division.
A study about average height between males and females was conducted using a random sample of 1,000 participants from the United States. In this sample, the average height for females was 162 cm and 175 cm for males. What is one way to determine if males are actually a different usual height than females in the general population?
Conduct statistical analysis with a t-test to determine if males are usually taller than females.
The CRAAP method stands for __.
Currency, Relevance, Authority, Accuracy, Purpose
A researcher hypothesized that mice fed a low carbohydrate diet would not develop insulin resistance compared to those fed a normal diet. Which of the following data provides the strongest support of this hypothesis?
Data from yearly screenings for insulin resistance in mice fed a low carbohydrate diet compared to mice fed a normal diet
Which of the following is a good research question?
Do students with high levels of self-efficacy demonstrate more active job searching behaviors?
You have been doing research to help your grandmother understand two new drugs for osteoporosis. One publication, Eurasian Journal of Bone and Joint Medicine, contains articles with data only showing the effectiveness of one of these new drugs. A pharmaceutical company funded the Eurasian Journal of Bone and Joint Medicine production and most advertisements in the journal are for this company's products. In your searches, you find other articles that show the same drug has only limited effectiveness. Pick the best answer that would help you determine the credibility of the Eurasian Journal of Bone and Joint Medicine.
It is not a credible source of scientific research because only studies showing the effectiveness of the company's drugs were included in the journal.
You are writing a paper about the recent impacts of Africanized honeybees to the United States and you found the following article: Flight of the Killer Bees. Newsweek, v. 117 no. 19 (Nov. 14, 1994) p.25. Would this be considered an appropriate scholarly journal article for a research paper?
No, Newsweek is not considered a scholarly journal
Which of the following actions is a valid scientific course of action?
Several research studies have found a new drug to be effective for treating the symptoms of autism; however, a government agency refuses to approve the drug until long term effects are known
Choose the correct APA citation for the following source that you retrieved from an online journal: Social Work and Research, 1995, Vol. 68(2), 127-137 SSN: 1948-CCX. doi:10.1037/swr/127. Students and the Problem of Entitlement. Jeffrey T. Swan, Dennard Q. Rail, Mary N. Bushcombe, University of Georgia
Swan, J. T., Rail, D. Q., & Bushcombe, M. N. (1995). Students and the problem of entitlement. Social Work and Research, 68(2), 127-137. doi:10.1037/swr/127
Two studies estimate the mean sugar content of an energy drink. Each study uses the same test on a random sample of bottles of the energy drink. Study 1 uses 50 bottles, and Study 2 uses 15 bottles. Which statement is true?
The uncertainty in the estimate of the actual mean sugar content will be smaller in Study 1 than in Study 2
The number of flowers on four different types of rosebushes are counted each week for two months. Which research question is appropriate?
Which type of rosebush produces more flowers?
If you are doing research using the keywords "death penalty" and "budget," which terms would also be worthwhile?
capital punishment and revenue
The limitation and real-world applications of a study are found in the __ section of a scholarly article or lab report.
discussion/conclusion
A possible answer to a scientific question is called a _______
hypothesis
The __ section of a scholarly article or lab report begins with background information related to the study.
introduction