X-ray license test review

What is a form of radiation protection for the patient?

A lead apron (not a lead shield)

How is collimation accomplished?

A lead washer

What happens when you sterilize?

All forms of microorganisms have been destroyed

What prevents weak radiation leaving the tube during exposure?

Aluminum filter

What is an ion?

An atom that has lost an electron

Why is radiating n considered harmful?

Because it is cumulative

What x-rays show the interproximal and are cavity detecting radiographs?

Bite wing x-rays

What is the negatively charged particle that is responsible for producing dental radiographs?

Electrons

The instrument from the XCP kit that allows the operator to align the PID at a right angle to the film and long axis of the tooth is?

Metal indicator rod

What is the cathode?

Negative terminal

What is radiopaque?

Shows white on the film

What substance is found in the emulsion of a film that is responsible for an x-ray?

Silver halide crystals

Identify the x-ray beam on picture

Study x-ray picture in notes

What causes cone cutting?

The center of the primary beam was not directed to the center of the film

What stops the developing agents?

The fixer

What is a good anatomical landmark to look for when mounting an upper bicuspid film?

The maxillary sinuses

What part of the x-ray machine produces the radiation?

The tube

What is density?

Thickness of an object being radiated

Why is radiating n considered harmful?

To prevent secondary radiation from fogging film

Why is a dental mask worn?

To protect the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth

What causes foreshortening?

Too high of a vertical angel?

What are considered radiation protection for the operator during patient exposure?

•The distance of 6-8 feet from tube •lead shield •double walled gypsum board

What films are extra-oral films?

•panorex •cephalometric •orthopantomaograph

How much radiation is reduced by using ultra speed film?

85%

What is contrast?

Difference between black, white, and shades of gray

The speed of electrons throughout a circuit is referred to as?

Kilovoltage

What is the occupational dose limits for radiation exposure in a calendar quarter (13 weeks) for the whole body?

1.25 REMS

What is the target distance for the paralleling technique?

12-16 inches

A full mouth x-ray for an edentulous patient would include?

14 periapicals and no bitewings

Exposure to an edentulous patient can be reduced by?

25%

At what age is the first radiographic survey on a child?

3 years old

What is the minimum allowable distance of the dark room safety light from the working counter top?

4 feet

What material is responsible for giving support and stiffness to the x-ray film?

Cellulose acetate

An extra-oral film that shows a lateral view of the skull is?

Cephalometric

What is distortion?

Changes in the shape or size of an object

What is reticulation?

Cracking of the film emulsion due to excessive heat during processing

When using ultra speed film would you increase or decrease the exposure time?

Decrease

What is radiolucent?

Degree of darkness on a film

Who can legally expose x-rays described by the "California law"?

Dental assistant who passes a board approved course and receives an x-ray certificate and is at least 18 years of age

Know the procedure regarding immersion disinfection

If any instruments are added to the solution before the disinfection time is up you must start timing all over

What causes films to turn brown and discolor after a few days?

Improper washing

Where is the thermometer placed?

In the water tank

What causes overlapping?

Incorrect horizontal angulation

What are the four body tissues most sensitive to radiation?

Intestinal tissue, embryo, cornea of the eye, and bone marrow

Besides gamma rays, what additional radiation wave from the EMR spectrum is considered harmful to tissue due to it's wavelength?

Ultraviolet

The value of radiographs for patient education includes?

•results of missing teeth •implant/bridges from restored mouths •results of reconstructive surgery •orthodontic conditions

The importance of an operator standing behind a lead shield when exposing x-rays is to prevent being exposed to?

•secondary radiation •direct radiation •scatter radiation •leakage radiation

Why is an ultrasonic cleaner preferred to hand scrubbing?

•uses waves to reach all areas of the instruments •uses a cavitation process •is safer for the auxiliary