102.b.8 the nervous system
The brain weighs
45-49 ounces
which facial nerves are affected during a massage
A barber is primarily interested in the 5th (trigeminal or trifacial), 7th (facial); and 11th (accessory) nerves of the face, head and neck since they are affected during massages and facials
Deep Peroneal aka: Anterior Tibial
A branch of common peroneal
Superficial Peroneal
A branch of the common peroneal
The 11th cranial nerve that extends into the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle is called the:
Accessory nerve
reflex action.
An immediate response to a specific stimulus without conscious control.
Saphenous
Begins in the thigh
Dendrite
Bring information to the cell body
Which of the following facial nerve branches extend to the muscles of the mouth?
Buccal
motor nerve (efferent)
Carries messages from brain to muscle Cause muscles to contract Cross from one side of the body to the other
sensory nerve (afferent)
Carries messages to the brain and spinal cord • Receptors send sensory messages
Which nerve extends to the muscles on the side of the neck?
Cervical nerve
Infratrochlear
Emerged on the skin of the upper eyelid and side of nose
The system that is composed of a group of specialized ductless glands that regulate and control the growth, reproduction and health of the body is:
Endocrine
Auriculotemporal
Extends to the ear and to the area from the top of the head to the temple
Infraorbital
Extends to the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip and mouth
Mental
Extends to the lower lip and chin
Zygomatic
Extends to the side of the forehead, temple and upper part of the cheek
Supraorbital
Extends to the skin of the upper eyelid, eyebrow, forehead and scalp
Supratrochlear
Extends to the skin of the upper side of the nose and between the eyes
Nasal
Extends to the tip and lower side of the nose
Which mandibular branch nerve extends to the lower lip and chin?
Mental
Why are nerve cells different From other cells
Nerve cells differ in appearance from other cells due to long and short threadlike fibers called axons and dendrites that extend from the cell.
Which of the following cervical nerves do NOT originate in the spinal cord with branches into the scalp and neck?
Posterior auricular
What are the primary components of the nervous system
Primary components of the nervous system include the brain, spinal cord and nerves.
Sensory nerve endings are referred to as:
Receptors
Common Peroneal
Runs alongside the sciatic nerve from the femur to the buttocks, then ventures further down on its own along the knee and behind the fibula; the nerve then splits inside the neck of the fibula into the deep peroneal and superficial peroneal
Sural
Runs down the back of the leg to the outside of the foot and little toe
Which nerve runs down the back of the leg to the outside of the foot and little toe?
Sural
What nerve is affected during a facial massage
The 11th cranial nerve is affected when using massage movements during a facial.
What controls the nervous system
The brain controls the nervous system it is know as command center
What is the central nervous system composed of
The central or cerebrospinal nervous system is composed of the brain, spinal cord and spinal and cranial nerves
What are the primary functions of the respiratory system
The intake of oxygen to be absorbed into the blood The exhalation of oxygen's toxic byproduct, carbon dioxide
What does the nervous system do?
The nervous system coordinates and controls the operation of the human body.
What is the peripheral nervous system composed of
The peripheral (pe-RIF-ur-al) nervous system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body.
What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body?
The peripheral nervous system
How many spinal nerves does the spinal cord hold
The spinal cord holds 31 pairs of spinal nerves that branch out to muscles, internal organs and skin.
What is the spinal cord composed of
The spinal cord, composed of long nerve fibers, originates in the base of the brain and extends to the base of the spine
What is the study of the nervous system called
The study of the nervous system is called neuroscience
Dorsal
The superficial nerve simply sits closer to the skin than the deep nerve and becomes the dorsal nerve
Nerves
Whitish fiber held together byConnective tissue
digestive system
also known as the gastrointestinal system, breaks food down into simpler chemical compounds that can be easily absorbed by cells or, if not absorbed, eliminated from the body in waste products.
Sphenopalatine ganglioneuralgia
brain freeze
Motor or efferent nerves
carry messages from the brain to the muscles and glands.
sensory (afferent) nerves
carry messages to the brain and spinal cord.
What is the nervous system divided into
central nervous system peripheral nervous system and autonomic system
Liver
converts and neutralizes ammonia from the circulatory system to urea (u-RE-ah)
The system that breaks food down to be easily absorbed by cells or to become waste products is the:
digestive system
Motor nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles and are called:
efferent
The primary function of the excretory system is to:
eliminate solid, liquid and gaseous waste products
Excretory system
eliminates solid, liquid and gaseous waste products from the body
The excretory system
eliminates solid, liquid and gaseous waste products from the body Skin, liver kidneys are a part of this system
How do nephrons allow usable nutrients from urea to be reabsorbed into the blood?
filter waste products and water
Which nerve extends to the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip and mouth?
infraorbital
The endocrine system
is composed of a group of specialized ductless glands that regulate and control the growth, reproduction and health of the body.
The reproductive system
is responsible for the process by which a living organism procreates and transfers the genetic code from one generation to the next.
Trifacial nerve
is the chief sensory nerve primarily responsible for transmitting facial sensations to the brain and for controlling the motor nerve function of chewing
Ophthalmic branch
main nerve branch to the top 1/3 of the face
Diaphragm
muscular organ that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen.
The diaphragm
muscular organ that separates the chest cavity from the abdomen.
What are the three nerves that the trifacial nerve divide into
ophthalmic maxillary mandibular
What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body?
peripheral nervous system
Kidneys
receive urea from the liver and then pass the urea through small tubelike structures known as nephrons
The autonomic (aw-to-NOM-ik) nervous system is
responsible for all involuntary body functions
Receptors
send sensory messages like touch, temperature, sight, sound, taste, smell, pain and pressure to the brain for processing.
Which crucial part of the central nervous system is composed of long nerve fibers and originates in the base of the brain and extends to the base of the spine?
spinal cord
The lungs
spongy organs composed of cells into which air enters when you inhale
A division of the ophthalmic branch, extending to the skin of the upper eyelid, eyebrow, forehead and scalp is the:
supraorbital
The ophthalmic nerve branch divides into a nerve that extends to the skin of the upper side of the nose and between the eyes called the:
supratrochlear
Axon
take information away from the cell body in the form of nerve impulses
Mandibular branch
the main nerve branch to the lower 1/3 of the face
maxillary branch
the main nerve branch to the middle 1/3 of the face