6.4 Vocab/Review

A section of the template strand of DNA reads: 5'-CAACACTAA- 3'. Determine the mRNA sequence and translate it.

3'-GTTGTATT-5'

Referring to question 10, imagine if the coding strand was transcribed and translated instead. Determine the mRNA sequence and translate it. How would this error affect the polypeptide produced

3'-GUUGUGAUU-5', there would be completely different amino acids

The very first tRNA will enter at which site i'm the ribosome?

E

How does transcription and translation differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Eukaryotic Transcription takes place inside of the Nucleus, while Prokaryotic Transcription takes place in the Cytoplasm. In Eukaryotic Transcription, proteins known as Transcriptional factors are needed, while In Prokaryotic Transcription, no such proteins are needed.

If the tRNA anticodon reads 3'- CUU -5 ' then what does the mRNA codon read that it can bind to ? Knowing this , what amino acid will the tRNA be carrying

GAA; Glu

An mRNA sequence reads 5'- CGAUGCAGA 3 ' . Translate this sequence (Assume you are downstream of the start codon )

GCUACGUCU

Which amino acid does tRNA initially carry?

Met (the start codon; AUG)

Trace the path of a newly produced polypeptide that will leave the cell

Once a protein is made at a ribsome its going to enter the Rough ER and be modified, from there it goes to the Golgi to be packaged and modified, then sent somewhere else in or out of the cell.

Translation

Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced

What is the codon that tRNA initially binds to?

UAC

tRNA has a ____________ region which is complementary and antiparallel to ___________

anticodon; codon

Stop codon

codon that signals to ribosomes to stop translation (UAA, UAG, UGA)

Summarize the purpose of translation

controls cell behavior and gene regulation because proteins are the functional molecules that determine cell types and function

Anticodon

group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon

Where does translation occur

ribosomes

Protein synthesis occurs in two stages. __________ and _________

transcription and translation

tRNA

transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

When does translation stop

when a stop codon is reached