A&P 2 Chapter 25 Metabolism & Energetics
all of these
A balanced diet should : include adequate substrates for the production of energy. provide essential amino acids and fatty acids. contain adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals.
rickets
A deficiency in vitamin D would result in which of the following disorders?
hypervitaminosis.
A disorder caused by the ingestion of excessive quantities of a fat-soluble vitamin is known as
gout.
A high uric acid level (above 7.4 mg/dl) can lead to the painful condition known as
Acetyl CoA
Before entering the Krebs cycle, pyruvate is converted to
all of these
Cells must synthesize new organic compounds a. to support growth. b. to perform structural maintenance or repairs. c. to produce secretions. d. to store nutrient reserves. e. all of the above
all of the above
Cells perform catabolism to generate ATP, which can be used for muscle contraction. ion transport. protein synthesis. glycogen synthesis. all of the above
c
Deficiency in this vitamin can result in a condition called scurvy.
mitochondria
During aerobic respiration, the pyruvic acid is taken up by the _____ .
mitochondria
During aerobic respiration, the pyruvic acid is taken up by the _____.
2
How many ATP molecules does anaerobic fermentation yield?
vitamin A.
Impaired fat absorption in the intestine would interfere with the absorption of
D
Inadequate exposure to sunlight could result in decreased amounts of vitamin ________ in the body.
20
Obesity is defined as a body weight more than ________ percent above the ideal body weight for an individual.
the mitochondria
Reactions within ________ provide most of the energy needed by a typical cell.
mitochondria
The Krebs cycle occurs in the _____.
begins with the formation of a molecule of citric acid.
The citric acid cycle
all of these
The food pyramid recommends many servings a day of dark-green and orange vegetables. Which vitamin is particularly abundant in this food group? a. A b. C c. E d. folic acid e. all of these
glycolysis
The metabolic reaction chain that splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid is called ___.
metabolism.
The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time is called
K.
The vitamin that is essential for the production of several clotting factors is vitamin
k
The vitamin that is essential for the production of several clotting factors is vitamin
D
The vitamin that is required for proper bone growth and for calcium absorption and retention is vitamin
D.
The vitamin that is required for proper bone growth and for calcium absorption and retention is vitamin
A.
The vitamin that plays a role in maintaining epithelia and is required for the synthesis of visual pigments is vitamin
all of these
Wally decides to go on a hunger strike to further one of his favorite causes. After many days with nothing but water you would expect to observe a. elevated levels of glucocorticoids. b. ketone bodies in his urine. c. lowered blood pH. d. all of these e. none of these
glucose
Although other nutrients can feed into the citric acid cycle, ________ yields energy the quickest.
36
Approximately how many ATP molecules are generated by aerobic respiration?
36
Approximately how many ATP molecules are generated by aerobic respiration? (theoretical yield)
carbon dioxide
What is a metabolic by-product of aerobic respiration?
oxygen
What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?
pyruvate
What molecule is the common branch point for either the anaerobic or aerobic pathway?
postabsorptive state.
When the body is relying on internal energy reserves to continue meeting its energy demands, it is in the
pyruvate
Which term can be described as the major end product of glycolysis?