Age of industry Quiz

Ellis Island, in New York City harbor, was the entry point for many European immigrants to the United States. Its counterpart,outside of San Francisco, was which of the following?

Angel Island

"America is . . . the great Melting Pot! Here you stand, good folk, think I, when I see them at Ellis Island, here you stand in your fifty groups, with your fifty languages and histories, and your fifty blood hatreds and rivalries. But you won't be long like that,brothers . . . Into the Crucible with you all! God is making the American. - Israel Zangwill, The Melting Pot, 1908." Which of the following phenomena does the passage celebrate?

Assimilation

The "new immigrants" of the late 19th and early 20th century were primarily

Eastern and Southern Europeans.

One of the earliest labor unions was known as the

Knights of Labor

The following question refers to the period (the late 1800's and early 1900's) during which workers began to form labor unions.These unions had important effects on politics and economics in the United States.One of the earliest labor unions was known as the

Knights of Labor

What part of history could you learn about by visiting Ellis Island?

Some of the people who came to the United States as immigrants

What did Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, and John D. Rockefeller have in common?

They were known as "Robber Barons."

The main goal of the Americanization movement was to

assimilate people of various cultures into the dominant culture

The Chinese Exclusion Act, passed in 1882, had the effect of

banning most Chinese people from immigrating to the United States.

The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 was the most significant act in U.S. history designed to restrict the growth of

corporations

The federal government responded to the Pullman strike by

forcing the state government to intervene in the crisis. -President Grover Cleveland ordered federal troops into the Pullman town to enforce the court ordered injunction to end the strike. Using the pretext of the stoppage of the flow of the U.S. mail and interference in interstate commerce, the injunction effectively broke the strike and ended the American Railway Union.

Which of the following did Social Darwinism discourage?

government regulation

During the Age of Industrialization in late 19th century, the U.S. economy

grew at a rapid pace, but the gap between the wealthy and poor widened.

During the Gilded Age, the U.S. economy

grew at a rapid pace, but the gap between the wealthy and poor widened.

During the Industrial Age, the U.S. economy

grew at a rapid pace, but the gap between the wealthy and poor widened. (During the era, the slums of New York's Lower East Side existed just a few miles from the lavish mansions of Fifth Avenue. This gap between rich and poor characterized the era. The Gilded Age saw a great deal of economic growth, as the United States produced massive amounts of manufactured goods for both domestic and foreign consumption. The country carried out the transition from wartime production to civilian production quite successfully, making (A) incorrect. There was no "back to the land movement" during the Gilded Age (C); in fact, many rural people moved to the city to work in industry. By the Gilded Age, slavery and the slave trade had been abolished (D). High tariffs and isolationist policies were characteristics of the 1920s (E)

Laissez-faire economic policies of the late 19th and early 20th centuries encouraged

horizontal and vertical integration Integration of American businesses led to the huge trusts and monopolies of the 1880s and 1900s. The hands-off policy of the federal government enabled men such as Carnegie and Rockefeller to grow their fortunes unfettered.

Laissez-faire economic policies of the late 19th and early 20th centuries encouraged

horizontal and vertical integration.

The business strategy John D. Rockefeller used to gain control of the petroleum industry is called

horizontal integration.

The business strategy John D. Rockefeller used to gain control of the petroleum industry is called

horizontal integration.(In order to expand his oil refining company, Standard Oil, John D. Rockefeller consistently bought additional refineries, incorporating those companies into Standard Oil. This is an example of horizontal integration, as it involves the acquisition of businesses at the same point in a supply chain. Standard Oil acquired so many additional refineries that by the end of the 1870s, it was refining around 90 percent of the nation's oil)

The federal government responded to the Pullman strike by

issuing an injunction ordering the end of the strike (President Grover Cleveland ordered federal troops into the Pullman town to enforce the court ordered injunction to end the strike. Using the pretext of the stoppage of the flow of the U.S. mail and interference in interstate commerce, the injunction effectively broke the strike and ended the American Railway Union.)

John D. Rockefeller amassed his fortune by

means of horizontal integration.

John D. Rockefeller amassed his fortune by

means of horizontal integration. (Rockefeller used a new system of corporate ownership the trust to build his oil empire through horizontal integration. By controlling one aspect of the production of oil, in his case refining, Rockefeller controlled 95 percent of America's oil refineries by 1890.)

Which idea led to a rise in anti-immigrant groups and a demand for immigration restrictions?

nativism

The Industrial Workers of the World was known for being

the most militant and anticapitalist union of the late 1800s and early 1900s.

The Industrial Workers of the World was known for being

the most militant and anticapitalist union of the late 1800s and early 1900s. (The IWW was not a big, or even very successful, union, but it made a name for itself by being fiery and militant, with slogans such as "An injury to one is an injury to all," and "One big union." It was the most militant, not the most compromising, union of its day (C). "Company unions" (A) were not unions in the usual sense of the word but organizations set up by management to head off any union organizing drives. The American Federation of Labor, not the IWW, was a craft union (B). The IWW was not a secret brotherhood, nor was it involved in the Haymarket Affair (E). Those are associated with the Knights of Labor.)

In his Gospel of Wealth , Andrew Carnegie principally argued that

the wealthy had an obligation to better society.

In his Gospel of Wealth, Andrew Carnegie principally argued that

the wealthy had an obligation to better society.

In his Gospel of Wealth, Andrew Carnegie principally argued that

the wealthy had an obligation to better society. An ardent philanthropist, Andrew Carnegie believed that it was the duty of those with money to use it to better society. By the end of his life, Carnegie had personally given away almost $350 million, and his endowment is still in existence today

What were the goals of the AFL?

to help improve wages, working hours, and conditions

What were the goals of the American Federation of Labor?

to help improve wages, working hours, and conditions

Andrew Carnegie's management strategy sought to buy out competitors as well as suppliers. Acquiring ownership ofresources, manufacturing, and distribution of a product is also known as

vertical integration

Andrew Carnegie's management strategy sought to buy out competitors as well as suppliers. Acquiring ownership of resources, manufacturing, and distribution of a product is also known as

vertical integration.

Most of the prominent labor battles of the late 19th century, such as the Railroad Strike of 1877 and the Pullman Strike of 1894,occurred in the aftermath of

wage cuts.

The 19th century ideology of Social Darwinism promoted the notion that

wealthy people were successful because of inherent traits

"Yellow dog" contracts

were part of the strategy used by owners to prevent the establishment of unions.