American Government Chapter 1-3, 18

____ would oppose governmental attempts to regulate personal behavior and to promote moral values as well as governmental regulation of the economy and redistribution of income.

Libertarians

The state legislature that receives the highest salary is in

California

____ is a revolutionary variant of socialism that favors partisan dictatorship, government control of all enterprises and the replacement of free markets by central planning.

Communism

In the McCulloch v. Maryland case the Supreme Court established the doctrine of enumerated powers.

False

John Locke had no influence on Thomas Jefferson.

False

John Locke suggested that the consent of a person was not needed for that person to be subjected to the political power of another.

False

The Articles of Confederation established a national government among the states rather than a "league of friendship."

False

The constitutional sharing of power by a national government and regional units of government characterizes and defines a unitary system.

False

The individuals, institutions, and processes that make the rules for a society and possess the power to enforce these rules on that society constitute a political party.

False

Under Article II of the Constitution, the president was to be selected directly by the people.

False

Weapons of mass destruction were found in Iraq in the months leading up to the 2003 war in Iraq.

False

The centralized governmental system in which local governments exercise only those powers given to them by the central government is known as

a unitary system.

Cooley's rule is

a view that cities should be able to rule themselves.

Judicial review refers to

the power of the Court to review actions of the government and determine whether they violate the Constitution.

Which of the following is an example of a concurrent power?

the power to tax

The right and power of a government to enforce its decisions and compel obedience is known as

authority.

The Anti-Federalists

believed the Constitution created an overly powerful central government that would be hostile to personal liberty.

Edmund Randolph's Virginia Plan

called for a national executive that would be elected by the legislative body.

The era of dual federalism

came to an end as the American people looked to the federal government to address the problems created by the Great Depression.

An economic system characterized by the private ownership of wealth-creating assets, free markets and freedom of contract is known as

capitalism

The commission plan

consists of a commission, which has both legislative and executive powers.

The theory that the states and the national government should cooperate in solving the nation's problems is known as

cooperative federalism.

The Great Compromise

created a Congress composed of a House of Representatives and a Senate.

At the convention the South insisted that

export taxes not be imposed.

Federal legislation that requires states and municipalities to comply with certain rules is known as a

federal mandate.

The United States employs a

federal system.

Democracy could not endure without

freedom of speech.

Categorical grants

have been used in the areas of Medicaid, highway construction, unemployment benefits, housing assistance and welfare programs.

The dominant culture in the United States includes

individualism and private property.

The special category of national powers that derive from the fact that the United States is a sovereign power among nations and thus its national government must be the only government that deals with other nations is known as

inherent powers.

The procedure by which voters can propose a law or constitutional amendment is the

initiative.

Pluralism

is a theory that views politics as a conflict among interest groups involving bargaining and compromise.

Limited government

is the principle that the powers of government should be limited, usually by institutional checks.

The Bill of Rights

limited the power of the national government over the rights and liberties of individuals.

The one political value that Saddam Hussein was able to provide was

order.

The struggle over power or influence within organizations or informal groups that can grant or withhold benefits or privileges is known as

politics.

The supremacy clause

provides that when state policies are in conflict with the Constitution or laws of the United States, states must yield to the authority of the federal government.

Democratic Republic refers to a form of government in which

representatives are elected by the people and enforce laws and policies.

The publicly stated purpose of the convention to be held in 1787 was to

revise the Articles of Confederation.

In McCulloch v. Maryland the Supreme Court

ruled in a manner that enabled the national government to grow and meet problems the Framers were never able to foresee.

In Gibbons v. Ogden the Supreme Court

ruled that commerce should be interpreted in the broadest sense, to encompass all commercial business dealings.

Which practice was abolished by a constitutional amendment?

slavery

The most numerous form of local government is the

special district.

The major reserved powers of the states are the powers to

tax and spend.

The lack of a central government in Somalia since 1991 demonstrates

that the lack of structure and order leads to widespread violence, devastation to the general public and even famine.

After the United States gained its independence, the first system of government was created by

the Articles of Confederation.

The Great Compromise, or the Connecticut Plan, provided for the basic structure of the present national legislature.

True

The United States has a federal system of government in which power is constitutionally shared between the national and state governments.

True

The binding decisions such as laws, regulations, and judicial rulings, are the outputs of the political system.

True

The concept of cooperative federalism that was adopted by the Supreme Court was based on the view that the various levels of government are related parts of a single governmental system characterized more by shared functions than by conflict and competition.

True

The concept of dual federalism that was adopted by the Supreme Court was based on the view that it is a referee between two competing power centers-the states and the national government, each with its own responsibilities.

True

The first nation to have a written constitution was the United States.

True

Thomas Paine was the author of the pamphlet entitled Common Sense, which attacked King George III as a "Royal Brute," thus stirring the colonies toward declaring their independence.

True

Article IV of the Constitution requires states to give full faith and credit to

the acts and judicial decisions of other states.

In the council-manager plan

a city council appoints a professional, who acts as the chief executive.

The system consisting of a league of independent states, each having essentially sovereign powers and a central government with limited powers is known as

a confederal system.

The concept of a recall refers to

a procedure enabling voters to remove an elected official from office before his or her term has expired.

The referendum is

a proposal by the state legislature that is submitted to the voters of the state for their approval.

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence included ____, which had to be removed to gain the unanimous approval of all the colonies.

a provision condemning the slave trade

States sometimes feel compelled to be specific in their state constitutions

to fill gaps left by the very brief federal Constitution.

The electoral college

was seen by some delegates as an alternative to allowing Congress to choose the president.

We live in a federal system in which

there are fifty separate state governments and one national government.

States are required to give "full faith and credit" to the laws, records, and court decisions of another state.

True

Women were given the right to vote in

1920

What prompted the colonists to stage the Boston Tea Party?

British taxes on a wide range of goods and products

The actions of ____ demonstrated the inability of the federal government under the Articles of Confederation to protect the citizenry from armed rebellion or provide adequately for the public welfare.

Daniel Shays

Municipal government may only possess powers granted in express words and those that are necessarily or fairly implied in or incident to the powers expressly granted. What is the source of this concept?

Dillon's Rule.

All of the following served as governors except

George Herbert Walker Bush.

Signed by forty-one men before coming ashore at Plymouth, the ____ represented a willingness of the signers to create and submit to the authority of a government, establishing a prototype for other agreements that depended on the consent of the governed.

Mayflower Compact

In what way does the Supreme Court check the Congress?

The Court can declare legislation passed by Congress unconstitutional.

The Declaration of Independence was written by

Thomas Jefferson.

Common Sense, written by ____, argued in favor of declaring independence from Great Britain and establishing a new government for the citizens of a new country.

Thomas Paine

Among the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation was the absence of congressional power to tax.

True

Article I of the Constitution provides for the structure and the powers of the United States legislature.

True

California has one of the largest economies in the world.

True

Canada and Germany are similar to the United States in that they both are organized along a federal system.

True

Demands and supports constitute inputs of the political system.

True

For the most part, cities rely on property tax to finance most of the services that they provide.

True

France has a centralized unitary system of government.

True

It was David Easton who wrote that the ". . . authoritative allocation of values is a minimum prerequisite if any society . . .''

True

James Madison is often called the "Father of the Constitution."

True

Roger Sherman proposed the Connecticut Compromise.

True

A state can create a local government

and the state can terminate the right of a local government to exist.

The phrase "rule of the best" is associated with

aristocracy.

Charles Beard argued that

the Framers were wealthy property owners who wanted a new Constitution with a powerful government that could protect their property interests.