Anatomy 142, Final exam!
Place the regions of the Nephron in the correct order for the process of urine formation
A,E,B,D,C
When compared to an extracellular fluid, intracellular fluid contains
A. More potassium and more negatively charged proteins
The inferior esophageal sphincter is also known as the
A. cardiac sphincter
Ingestion of food results in water
A. intake as food contains some water
Decreases in blood pressure turn _____ the thirst center of the brain
A. on
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that blank synthesis of Na+/K+ pumps and Na+ channels in principle cells of kidney tubules
A.stimulates
This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney. Which number(s) indicate a renal papilla
B. 3
Which of the following is considered to be one of the primary digestive system hormones
B. Gastrin
Ovulation is induced by a peek in the secretion of
B. LH
What is the correct order for the list of structures of the large intestine, starting at the cecum and ending at the rectum
B. b d c a f e
Structures of the male reproductive tract are..... What is the order in which sperm passes through these structures from the testes to the penis
B. c a e d b
Diabetes mellitus, profuse sweating and hyposecretion of ADH can each lead to
B. dehydration
A cell that contains 23 pairs of chromosomes is
B. diploid
Menarche is
B. female's first menstrual cycle
The thirst center of the brain is located in the
B. hypothalamus
The buccal, lingual, and labial salivary glands are ______salivary glands
B. intrinsic
This figure shows a renal corpuscle. The two structures indicated by numbers 3 & 4 collectively from the
B. juxtaglomerular apparatus
When comparing alien adult female to lean adult male, which will most likely have a higher percentage of body fluid
B. male
The most abundant cation within cells is
B. potassium
In a female infant, the ovaries contain
B. primary oocytes within primordial follicles
the male homologous to the labia majora is the
B. scrotum
Sperm are produced in the
B. seminiferous tubules
A sphincter is a
B. thickening of the circular layer of the muscularis that controls movement of materials through the gi tract
Most potassium loss from the body occurs through
B. urine
Which is not a uterine function
B. usual site of fertilization
Which is the layer of the serous membrane that directly covers the surface of internal organs
B. visceral peritoneum
When fluid intake equals fluid output, and there is a normal distribution of solvent and solutes in the body fluid compartments fluid ___ exists
Balance
Familiar hydrostatic pressure is the pressure of
Blood in the glomerular capillaries
Increases in secretion of the hormone ADH cause sodium concentration in the blood plasma to
C. Decrease
How are sodium levels and blood pressure related
C. Increased plasma sodium levels increase water retention, blood volume, and blood pressure
Which cranial nerves innervate the salivary glands
C. VII and IX
An enzyme found within saliva is salivary
C. amylase
The acrosome cap contains
C. enzymes to allow penetration into the oocyte
What is the correct order for the phases of the ovarian cycle, beginning with day 1
C. follicular, luteal, ovulation
Which type of ovarian follicle contains a secondary oocyte
C. mature follicle
The type of receptor within the GI tract wall that detects stretch is the
C. mechanoreceptor
Posterior pituitary hormone that is crucial for milk ejection is
C. oxytocin
The speaker shows a renal corpuscle. What structure does number 6 indicate
C. proximal convoluted tubule
Mastication is a process that facilitates
C. swallowing of food, and it increases the surface area of the food for exposure to enzymes
Ovulation typically occurs on day 14 of the ovarian cycle, and the luteal phase occurs on days
C.15-28
This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney. Which number indicates the renal pelvis
D. 8
Edema is an example of
D. Fluid sequestration
Which ion is the principal solid of the ECF and is crucial for neuromuscular and renal function
D. Sodium
The normal site of fertilization is the
D. ampulla of the uterine tube
An erection of the penis is caused by
D. blood filling the erectile bodies and compressing the veins
What structure forms from the remnants of the follicle following ovulation
D. corpus luteum
In some digestive reflexes, the facial nerve stimulates salivary glands the salivary glands are acting as
D. effectors
Puberty is initiated when a region of the brain begins secreting
D. gonadotrophin releasing hormone
Cholecystokinin is a ____ released by the _____
D. hormones; small intestine
The lateral margin of the uterine tube, which bears are the fimbriae, is called
D. infundibulum
What is the correct order for the segments of the uterine tube, beginning at the ovary
D. infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, uterine part
Peristalsis
D. is the alternating contraction of muscle layers in the gi tract wall that propels materials through the tract
Progesterone levels are highest during the ____ phase
D. luteal
which is not a function of the digestive system
D. micturition
the initial site of both mechanical and chemical digestion is the
D. oral cavity
Human somatic cells contain only one pair of
D. sex chromosomes
The perineum consists of an anterior
D. urogenital triangle and posterior anal triangle
ANP is a hormone that causes
Dilation of the afferent arterioles and inhibition of renin release
The gonads
E. all choices are correct
This figure shows a renal corpuscle. What structure does number 1 indicate
E. efferent arteriole
which organ is not part of the gastrointestinal tract
E. liver
The myometrium of the uterus is composed of
E. smooth muscle
An obstruction in the glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the
Efferent arteriole
Sympathetic nervous system influences on glomerular filtration rate are considered ____ controls
Extrinsic
From innermost to outermost the protective layer on the kidneys are the
Fibrous capsule, perinephric fat, renal fascia, paranephric fat
The thick tangle of capillary loops found within a corpuscle is known as the
Glomerulus
An elevated level of potassium in the blood is referred to as
Hyperkalemia
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine
Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
The nephron loop makes a hairpin turn within the ____ and its ___ limb ends at the distal convoluted tubule
Medulla, ascending
Which of the following choices lists structures in the order in which urine flows through them
Minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis
Urine passes from the renal papilla into a
Minor calyx, then to major calyx, then to renal pelvis
For glucose to be reabsorbed from the tubular Lumen it is transported into the tubule cell by means of a
Na+ / Glucose symporter
Each kidney contains more than a million "functional units" called _____
Nephrons
Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the
Proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli
Which is not a function of the kidneys
Regulation of lymphocyte production
Which is the correct sequence of arteries that a drop of blood would flow through as it entered the kidney and move toward the glomerulus
Renal artery, segmental artery, interlobar artery, arcuate artery, interlobular artery
An accumulation of fluid in one area of the body, such that the fluid is not available for use elsewhere, is known as fluid ______
Sequestration
In order to accommodate the large liver,
The right kidney is about 2 centimeters inferior to the left kidney
As an individual becomes dehydrated, the net movement of fluid in their body is from cells toward plasma
True
The ______ transfer urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
Ureters
If someone in an accident suffered severe burns as well as Hemorrhage, they would be at high risk for
Volume depletion
This figure shows a frontal section of the kidney. What structure does number 5 indicate
b. Renal lobe
The internal urethral sphincter is formed by skeletal muscle fibers of the urogenital diaphragm
false
The ball of capillaries in the renal corpuscle is called the
glomerulus
Angiotensin 2 stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
true
Angiotensin II, aldosterone, and ADH each help decrease urine output
true
Increases in NFP result in increases in GFR
true
Sympathetic fibers inhibit micturition
true
The hormone atrial natriuretic peptide ANP causes an increase in GFR
true