Anatomy chapter 12
The posterior compartment of the forearm consists of a total of ______ muscles.
10
Identify the muscles in the figure that move the glenohumeral joint.
A, B, and C
Which is NOT a function of the sartorius on the knee joint?
Extends leg
Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the latissimus dorsi.
Extension and medial rotation of the arm
identify the action common to the following muscles:dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis, and abductor digiti minimi.
Finger abduction
Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the coracobrachialis.
Flexion and adduction of the arm
Identify the actions provided by contraction of the biceps brachii.
Flexion of the forearm
Which of the following best summarizes the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur when the pectoralis major contracts?
Flexion, adduction, medial rotation
Which are muscles that flex the toes?
Flexor digitorum brevis Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digiti minimi brevis Flexor hallucis brevis
Which of the following are intrinsic hand muscles of the thenar group?
Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis
Which muscles inferiorly rotate the scapula?
Levator scapulae and rhomboids (minor and major)
Which are muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment?
Plantaris Soleus Gastrocnemius
Which muscles can move both the hip joint and the knee joint?
Rectus femoris Semimembranosus Gracilis Sartorius
Which of the following is NOT a function of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
Rotate the toes
Which of the following correctly describes the inferior attachment of the levator scapulae?
Superior part of the medial border of the scapula
Identify the muscles that laterally rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint.
Teres minor Deltoid Infraspinatus
True or false: All anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle are deep to other thoracic muscles.
True
All muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach the ______ to the scapula and clavicle.
axial skeleton
In the figure, the psoas major is indicated by the letter_____ .
b
In the figure, the adductor brevis is indicated by the letter ______.
c
In the figure, the adductor longus is indicated by the letter _______.
c
Muscles that move the pectoral girdle may ______.
elevate, depress, protract, or retract the scapula
True or false: The intrinsic muscles of the foot act primarily to evert and invert the foot.
false
The muscles that are responsible for plantar flexion of the foot are the ______.
gastrocnemius, soleus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and tibialis posterior
Which muscle acts to abduct the thigh?
gluteus medius
In the figure, the proximal attachment of the teres minor is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.
h, g
The extensor pollicis ______ extends the MP and IP joints of the thumb.
longus
In the figure, the sartorius is indicated by the letter ______ .
p
The extensor carpi _____ longus abducts the hand at the wrist.
radialis
Which muscle extends the leg?
rectus femoris
The inferior attachment of the pectoralis minor is ______.
ribs 3-5
When any one or all of the deep muscles of the gluteal region are contracted, the thigh is _______.
rotated laterally
The prime mover of scapular protraction is the ______ anterior.
serratus
The name of the coracobrachialis indicates that it extends from its proximal end, the ______ of the scapula, to its distal attachment, the brachium, which means "arm" and refers to the humerus.
coracoid process
The_______ interossei abducts toes.
dorsal
The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle attach to ______.
the middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
Anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach on ______.
the ribs
The muscles that dorsiflex the foot are the ______.
tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus
The muscles that retract the scapula are the ______.
trapezius and rhomboids (minor and major)
The most medial muscle of the superficial layer in the anterior compartment of the forearm is the flexor carpi _______.
ulnaris
The intrinsic foot muscles have attachments ______.
within the foot only
In the figure, the pectineus is indicated by the letter _____.
d
When the gluteus maximus contracts, the thigh is _______.
extended rotated laterally
In general, the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint with proximal attachments anterior of the body ______ the arm, whereas the muscles with proximal attachments on the posterior of the body ______ the arm.
flex, extend
The name of the forearm muscle found in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment is the ______.
flexor digitorum superficialis
Which of the following best describes the location of the serratus anterior?
It is located between the anterior surface of the ribs and the anterior surface of the scapula.
In the figure, the abductor digiti minimi is indicated by the letter ____ and the flexor digiti minimi brevis is indicated by the letter_____ .
b, a
In the figure, the abductor digiti minimi is indicated by the letter _____and the flexor digiti minimi brevis is indicated by the letter _____.
b, a
In the figure, the proximal attachment of the supraspinatus is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.
d, a
The muscles of the thenar and hypothenar group form fleshy masses, each called a(n) _______, a term given to a circumscribed area raised above the general level of the surrounding surface.
eminence
The posterior compartment of the forearm contains muscles that ______ the wrist, the metacarpophalangeal joints, and interphalangeal joints.
extend
The anterior compartment muscles of the thigh ______.
extend the knee or flex the thigh
In very general terms, the posterior forearm muscles ______.
extend the wrist
When any one or all of the posterior muscles of the hamstring group are contracted, the thigh is _______.
extended
Contraction of the anterior compartment thigh muscles results in ______.
extension of the knee or flexion of the thigh
True or false: All of the rotator cuff muscles either medially or laterally rotate the glenohumeral joint.
false
True or false: Muscles with proximal attachments anterior to the glenohumeral joint extend the arm.
false
Muscles that move the knee joint ______.
-Withing each compartment have similar actions not the knee joint -Are separated into anatomical compartments by deep fascia
From lateral to medial, the forearm muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior compartment are the ______.
1. Pronator teres 2.Flexor carpi radiallis 3.Plmaris longus 4.Flexor carpi ulnaris
Identify the lateral attachments of the trapezius.
Acromion process of scapula Spine of scapula Clavicle
Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the infraspinatus and teres minor.
Adduction of the arm Lateral rotation of the arm
Which are muscles that flex and/or supinate the arm at the elbow?
Brachialis Supinator Brachioradialis Biceps brachii
Identify the muscles that flex the arm at the glenohumeral joint.
Coracobrachialis Deltoid Biceps brachii
Identify the muscles that medially rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint.
Deltoid Latissimus dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis major Teres major
Which are forearm muscles in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment?
Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris
Which muscles are involved in extension of the "pinky" finger?
Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi
Identify the intrinsic foot muscles of the dorsal group.
Extensor digitorum brevis Extensor hallucis brevis
Which of the following is NOT one of the muscles of the hypothenar group of intrinsic hand muscles?
Extensor pollicis brevis
Which of the following is NOT included in the four subgroups of intrinsic hand muscles within the midpalmar group?
Extensor pollicis longus
Name the forearm muscles in the deep layer of the posterior compartment?
Extensor pollicis longus Abductor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Supinator
Identify the muscles that extend the arm at the glenohumeral joint.
Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Teres major Triceps brachii
The lumbrical muscles of the foot are located in which layer of intrinsic foot muscles?
Layer 2
Identify the medial attachments of the trapezius.
Ligamentum nuchae Spinous processes of C7-T12 Occipital bone
Which are muscles of the medial thigh compartment?
Obturator externus Adductor magnus Adductor longus Gracilis Adductor brevis Pectineus
Which of the following are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?
Obturator internus Superior gemellus Piriformis Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
hich of the following are intrinsic hand muscles of the thenar group?
Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis brevis
From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the infraspinatus.
P, infraspinous fossa of scapula D, greater tubercle of humerus
From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the subscapularis.
P, subscapular fossa of scapula D, lesser tubercle of humerus
From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the supraspinatus.
P, supraspinous fossa of scapula D, greater tubercle of humerus
From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the teres minor.
P, upper dorsal lateral border of scapula D, greater tubercle of humerus
Which of the superficial anterior forearm muscles is absent in about 10% of individuals and only weakly assists in wrist flexion?
Palmaris longus
Identify the location of the anconeus.
Posterior arm
Identify the location of the supinator.
Posterior forearm
Which of the following best describes the location of the latissimus dorsi?
Posterior of body, inferior part of the back
To locate the teres major, where would you look?
Posterior of body, inferior to rotator cuff muscles
Which is a long, thin muscle that crosses the anterior thigh and helps to flex the thigh?
Sartorius
Which of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint attach to the scapula?
The biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and the rotator cuff muscles attach to the scapula.
Which group of intrinsic hand muscles forms a fleshy mass at the base of the thumb?
Thenar
Which of the following correctly describes the superior attachment of the levator scapulae?
Transverse processes of C1-C4
When the gluteus medius contracts, the thigh is _______.
abducted rotated medially
When the gluteus minimus contracts, the thigh is _______.
abducted rotated medially
Contraction of the lateral muscle of the thigh results in ______.
abduction of the thigh
Which muscle abducts the thumb?
abductor pollicis longus
Compartments in the forearm contain muscles with similar ______.
actions at the wrist joint
Contraction of ______ thigh muscles results in extension of the knee or flexion of the thigh.
anterior
The pectoralis minor is one of the ______ thoracic muscles that moves the pectoral girdle.
anterior
Identify the location of the pronator quadratus.
anterior forearm
Identify the location of the pronator teres.
anterior forearm
Anatomically, muscles that move the pectoral girdle are classified as ______.
anterior or posterior thoracic
identify the location of the brachioradialis.
anterolateral forearm
Which muscles supinate the forearm?
biceps brachii, supinator
The anterior and posterior compartments of the arm are surrounded by ______ and each houses skeletal muscles that perform ______ actions.
deep fascia, similar
Extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand ______.
flex or extend the hand and fingers
In general, muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh tend to ______.
flex the thigh at the hip joint extend the leg at the knee joint
Besides elevating the scapula, the levator scapulae also ______.
inferiorly rotates the scapula
In addition to extending the thigh, the biceps femoris rotates the thigh ______.
laterally
The prime mover of the extension of the arm is the ______.
latissimus dorsi
The prime movers of the glenohumeral joint are the ______.
latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major
Contraction of the ______ muscles of the thigh results in adduction of the thigh.
medial
The obturator externus is one of the muscles of the _______ compartment of the thigh
medial
Which of the following does NOT correctly describe the actions of the biceps femoris?
medially rotates leg
Contraction of the subscapularis ______ the arm, and contraction of the supraspinatus ______ the arm.
medially rotates, abducts
The inferior attachment of the serratus anterior is ______.
on ribs 1-8, anterior and superior margin
The prime mover causing flexion of the arm is the ______.
pectoralis major
The anterior thoracic muscle that protracts and depresses the scapula is the ______.
pectoralis minor
Which of the following correctly describes the tendons of the forearm muscles at the wrist joint?
The flexor retinaculum covers the palmar or anterior surface of the carpal bones.
Identify the action common to the palmar interossei and adductor pollicis.
Finger adduction
Identify the action common to the following muscles:extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor digiti minimi, lumbricals, dorsal interossei, and palmar interossei.
Interphalangeal joint extension
Which of the following are posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle?
Levator scapulae Trapezius Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor
Which are muscles that adduct the toes?
Plantar interossei Adductor hallucis
Which are muscles that extend and/or pronate the arm at the elbow?
Pronator teres Anconeus Pronator quadratus Triceps brachii
Which of the following correctly describes the location of the rhomboids, both minor and major?
They are posterior thoracic muscles that are deep to the trapezius.
n the figure, the iliacus is indicated by the letter _____.
c
The tensor fasciae latae is a muscle in the lateral thigh compartment.
True
Identify the action common to the following muscles:extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and extensor carpi ulnaris.
Wrist extension
The levator scapulae is ______.
a posterior thoracic muscle that is deep to the trapezius
When the adductor brevis contracts, the thigh is _______.
adducted flexed
The dorsal group of intrinsic foot muscles contains ______.
the extensor hallucis brevis
The superficial anterior muscles of the forearm include ______.
palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor carpi radialis pronator teres
The actions of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg include ______.
plantar flexion and eversion of the foot
Contraction of the muscles in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the leg results in ______.
plantar flexion of the foot
The actions of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg does NOT include ______.
plantar flexion of the foot
The flexor ______ longus attaches to the distal phalanx of the thumb.
pollicis
The small flexors of the thenar group include the flexor ______ brevis.
pollicis
The muscles that invert the foot are the ______.
tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior
The midpalmar group contains ______ muscles that are partitioned into groups.
12
Which best summarizes the MAIN movement of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the deltoid?
Abduction of the arm
Identify the intrinsic foot muscles of the superficial plantar group.
Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi
Identify the location of the brachialis.
Anterior arm
Which of the following correctly pairs fibers of the deltoid with their function?
Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm.
Which of the following best describes the location of the pectoralis major?
Anterior of body, covers superior portion of thorax
Which of the following correctly identify the compartments of the thigh?
Anterior, posterior, lateral, medial
The proximal attachment of the subscapularis is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.
c, b
In the figure, the abductor pollicis longus is indicated by the letter_____ , the extensor pollicis brevis is indicated by the letter _____, and the extensor pollicis longus is indicated by the letter _____,
D,E,A
Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis, and flexor digiti minimi..
Interphalangeal joint flexion
Contraction of the long head of the biceps brachii results in a single type of movement of the glenohumeral joint. What type of movement is this?
Flexion of the arm
Which are the forearm muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment?
Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Pronator quadratus
Which of the following best describe(s) the actions of the subclavius?
It depresses the clavicle. It stabilizes the clavicle.
Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis, and flexor digiti minimi.
Interphalangeal joint flexion
Contraction of the minor and major rhomboids results in which of the following movements of the scapula?
Elevation Retraction Inferior rotation
Which of the following best summarizes the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the teres major?
Extension, adduction, and medial rotation
Which are muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Fibularis tertius Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus
Which of the following are the muscles of the gluteal group of the posterior thigh?
Gluteus minimus Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius
Which are muscles that flex the leg at the knee joint?
Gracilis Sartorius Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi radialis longus
Hand abduction
dentify the action common to the extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris.
Hand adduction
Which action(s) are common to both the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the hand?
Interphalangeal joint extension and flexion Finger abduction and adduction
Which of the following best describes the location of the trapezius?
It is superficial to other posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle.
Which muscle of the posterior forearm compartment perform(s) a function unlike that of all the others?
Supinator
In the figure, the supinator is indicated by the letter _____ and the extensor indicis is indicated by the letter _____.
c, b
Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor digitorum profundus.
Wrist flexion
When the pectineus contracts, the thigh is _______.
adducted flexed
Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the teres major.
adduction of the arm Medial rotation of the arm Extension of the arm
Contraction of the medial muscles of the thigh results in ______.
adduction of the thigh
In the figure, the letter A indicates the ___________ muscle.
adductor pollicis
The superior attachment of the serratus anterior is on the ______.
anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula
Which muscle is inferior to the clavicle and stabilizes and depresses the clavicle?
subclavius
The anterior compartment of the forearm is subdivided into three layers, called the ______ , intermediate, and deep layers.
superficial
Contraction of the pectoralis minor ______.
depresses scapula, protracts scapula
The intrinsic muscles of the foot are organized into ______ muscle groups.
dorsal and plantar
In the figure, the proximal attachment of the infraspinatus is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.
e, f
In general, the anterior compartment of the arm contains muscles that ______ the forearm at the elbow joint, while the posterior compartment contains muscles that ______ the forearm.
flex, extend
When the iliacus contracts, the thigh is _______.
flexed
When the psoas major contracts, the thigh is _______.
flexed
When the rectus femoris contracts, the thigh is _______.
flexed
When the adductor longus contracts, the thigh is _______.
flexed adducted
When the adductor fibers of the adductor magnus contract, the thigh is _______.
flexed and adducted
When the gracilis contracts, the thigh is _______.
flexed and adducted
Contraction of the posterior compartment thigh muscles results in ______.
flexion of the knee and extension of the thigh
Identify the location of the triceps brachii.
posterior arm
Identify the muscles that pronate the forearm.
pronator quadratus, pronator teres
When the obturator externus contracts, the thigh is _______.
rotated laterally
When the tensor fasciae latae contracts, the thigh is _______.
rotated medially abducted
Contraction of the deep muscles of the gluteal region results in ______.
rotation of the thigh
Contraction of the superficial muscles in the gluteal region results in ______.
rotation of the thigh extension of the thigh abduction of the thigh
The muscles that protract the scapula are the ______.
serratus anterior and pectoralis minor.
Both the thenar and hypothenar groups of intrinsic hand muscles include ______.
small flexors, abductors, and opponens muscles
The tendons of forearm muscles are individually surrounded by ______ sheaths and collectively held close to the carpal bones by fibrous bands of fascia called ______.
synovial, retinacula
The superior attachment of the pectoralis minor is ______.
the coracoid process of scapula
The ______ is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that attaches to the skull, vertebral column, scapulae, and clavicles.
trapezius
The_____ is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that attaches to the skull, vertebral column, scapulae, and clavicles.
trapezius
Which muscles superiorly rotate the scapula?
trapezius, serratus anterior
Which muscles extend the forearm?
triceps brachii, anconeus
True or false: Muscles that insert on the pectoral girdle stabilize the clavicle and scapula and increase the arm's angle of movements.
true
True or false: The extrinsic muscles attach in the arm or forearm as well as on structures in the hand, whereas the intrinsic muscles attach only on the hand.
true
True or false: The subclavius is inferior to the clavicle.
true
What are the four muscles of the quadriceps group?
vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris
