Anatomy chapter 12

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The posterior compartment of the forearm consists of a total of ______ muscles.

10

Identify the muscles in the figure that move the glenohumeral joint.

A, B, and C

Which is NOT a function of the sartorius on the knee joint?

Extends leg

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the latissimus dorsi.

Extension and medial rotation of the arm

identify the action common to the following muscles:dorsal interossei, abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis, and abductor digiti minimi.

Finger abduction

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the coracobrachialis.

Flexion and adduction of the arm

Identify the actions provided by contraction of the biceps brachii.

Flexion of the forearm

Which of the following best summarizes the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur when the pectoralis major contracts?

Flexion, adduction, medial rotation

Which are muscles that flex the toes?

Flexor digitorum brevis Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digiti minimi brevis Flexor hallucis brevis

Which of the following are intrinsic hand muscles of the thenar group?

Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis

Which muscles inferiorly rotate the scapula?

Levator scapulae and rhomboids (minor and major)

Which are muscles of the superficial layer of the posterior compartment?

Plantaris Soleus Gastrocnemius

Which muscles can move both the hip joint and the knee joint?

Rectus femoris Semimembranosus Gracilis Sartorius

Which of the following is NOT a function of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

Rotate the toes

Which of the following correctly describes the inferior attachment of the levator scapulae?

Superior part of the medial border of the scapula

Identify the muscles that laterally rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

Teres minor Deltoid Infraspinatus

True or false: All anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle are deep to other thoracic muscles.

True

All muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach the ______ to the scapula and clavicle.

axial skeleton

In the figure, the psoas major is indicated by the letter_____ .

b

In the figure, the adductor brevis is indicated by the letter ______.

c

In the figure, the adductor longus is indicated by the letter _______.

c

Muscles that move the pectoral girdle may ______.

elevate, depress, protract, or retract the scapula

True or false: The intrinsic muscles of the foot act primarily to evert and invert the foot.

false

The muscles that are responsible for plantar flexion of the foot are the ______.

gastrocnemius, soleus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and tibialis posterior

Which muscle acts to abduct the thigh?

gluteus medius

In the figure, the proximal attachment of the teres minor is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.

h, g

The extensor pollicis ______ extends the MP and IP joints of the thumb.

longus

In the figure, the sartorius is indicated by the letter ______ .

p

The extensor carpi _____ longus abducts the hand at the wrist.

radialis

Which muscle extends the leg?

rectus femoris

The inferior attachment of the pectoralis minor is ______.

ribs 3-5

When any one or all of the deep muscles of the gluteal region are contracted, the thigh is _______.

rotated laterally

The prime mover of scapular protraction is the ______ anterior.

serratus

The name of the coracobrachialis indicates that it extends from its proximal end, the ______ of the scapula, to its distal attachment, the brachium, which means "arm" and refers to the humerus.

coracoid process

The_______ interossei abducts toes.

dorsal

The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle attach to ______.

the middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

Anterior muscles that move the pectoral girdle attach on ______.

the ribs

The muscles that dorsiflex the foot are the ______.

tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus

The muscles that retract the scapula are the ______.

trapezius and rhomboids (minor and major)

The most medial muscle of the superficial layer in the anterior compartment of the forearm is the flexor carpi _______.

ulnaris

The intrinsic foot muscles have attachments ______.

within the foot only

In the figure, the pectineus is indicated by the letter _____.

d

When the gluteus maximus contracts, the thigh is _______.

extended rotated laterally

In general, the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint with proximal attachments anterior of the body ______ the arm, whereas the muscles with proximal attachments on the posterior of the body ______ the arm.

flex, extend

The name of the forearm muscle found in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment is the ______.

flexor digitorum superficialis

Which of the following best describes the location of the serratus anterior?

It is located between the anterior surface of the ribs and the anterior surface of the scapula.

In the figure, the abductor digiti minimi is indicated by the letter ____ and the flexor digiti minimi brevis is indicated by the letter_____ .

b, a

In the figure, the abductor digiti minimi is indicated by the letter _____and the flexor digiti minimi brevis is indicated by the letter _____.

b, a

In the figure, the proximal attachment of the supraspinatus is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.

d, a

The muscles of the thenar and hypothenar group form fleshy masses, each called a(n) _______, a term given to a circumscribed area raised above the general level of the surrounding surface.

eminence

The posterior compartment of the forearm contains muscles that ______ the wrist, the metacarpophalangeal joints, and interphalangeal joints.

extend

The anterior compartment muscles of the thigh ______.

extend the knee or flex the thigh

In very general terms, the posterior forearm muscles ______.

extend the wrist

When any one or all of the posterior muscles of the hamstring group are contracted, the thigh is _______.

extended

Contraction of the anterior compartment thigh muscles results in ______.

extension of the knee or flexion of the thigh

True or false: All of the rotator cuff muscles either medially or laterally rotate the glenohumeral joint.

false

True or false: Muscles with proximal attachments anterior to the glenohumeral joint extend the arm.

false

Muscles that move the knee joint ______.

-Withing each compartment have similar actions not the knee joint -Are separated into anatomical compartments by deep fascia

From lateral to medial, the forearm muscles of the superficial layer of the anterior compartment are the ______.

1. Pronator teres 2.Flexor carpi radiallis 3.Plmaris longus 4.Flexor carpi ulnaris

Identify the lateral attachments of the trapezius.

Acromion process of scapula Spine of scapula Clavicle

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the infraspinatus and teres minor.

Adduction of the arm Lateral rotation of the arm

Which are muscles that flex and/or supinate the arm at the elbow?

Brachialis Supinator Brachioradialis Biceps brachii

Identify the muscles that flex the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

Coracobrachialis Deltoid Biceps brachii

Identify the muscles that medially rotate the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

Deltoid Latissimus dorsi Subscapularis Pectoralis major Teres major

Which are forearm muscles in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment?

Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris

Which muscles are involved in extension of the "pinky" finger?

Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi

Identify the intrinsic foot muscles of the dorsal group.

Extensor digitorum brevis Extensor hallucis brevis

Which of the following is NOT one of the muscles of the hypothenar group of intrinsic hand muscles?

Extensor pollicis brevis

Which of the following is NOT included in the four subgroups of intrinsic hand muscles within the midpalmar group?

Extensor pollicis longus

Name the forearm muscles in the deep layer of the posterior compartment?

Extensor pollicis longus Abductor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Supinator

Identify the muscles that extend the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

Latissimus dorsi Deltoid Teres major Triceps brachii

The lumbrical muscles of the foot are located in which layer of intrinsic foot muscles?

Layer 2

Identify the medial attachments of the trapezius.

Ligamentum nuchae Spinous processes of C7-T12 Occipital bone

Which are muscles of the medial thigh compartment?

Obturator externus Adductor magnus Adductor longus Gracilis Adductor brevis Pectineus

Which of the following are the deep muscles of the gluteal region?

Obturator internus Superior gemellus Piriformis Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris

hich of the following are intrinsic hand muscles of the thenar group?

Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis brevis

From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the infraspinatus.

P, infraspinous fossa of scapula D, greater tubercle of humerus

From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the subscapularis.

P, subscapular fossa of scapula D, lesser tubercle of humerus

From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the supraspinatus.

P, supraspinous fossa of scapula D, greater tubercle of humerus

From the list below, identify the proximal and distal attachments of the teres minor.

P, upper dorsal lateral border of scapula D, greater tubercle of humerus

Which of the superficial anterior forearm muscles is absent in about 10% of individuals and only weakly assists in wrist flexion?

Palmaris longus

Identify the location of the anconeus.

Posterior arm

Identify the location of the supinator.

Posterior forearm

Which of the following best describes the location of the latissimus dorsi?

Posterior of body, inferior part of the back

To locate the teres major, where would you look?

Posterior of body, inferior to rotator cuff muscles

Which is a long, thin muscle that crosses the anterior thigh and helps to flex the thigh?

Sartorius

Which of the muscles that move the glenohumeral joint attach to the scapula?

The biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and the rotator cuff muscles attach to the scapula.

Which group of intrinsic hand muscles forms a fleshy mass at the base of the thumb?

Thenar

Which of the following correctly describes the superior attachment of the levator scapulae?

Transverse processes of C1-C4

When the gluteus medius contracts, the thigh is _______.

abducted rotated medially

When the gluteus minimus contracts, the thigh is _______.

abducted rotated medially

Contraction of the lateral muscle of the thigh results in ______.

abduction of the thigh

Which muscle abducts the thumb?

abductor pollicis longus

Compartments in the forearm contain muscles with similar ______.

actions at the wrist joint

Contraction of ______ thigh muscles results in extension of the knee or flexion of the thigh.

anterior

The pectoralis minor is one of the ______ thoracic muscles that moves the pectoral girdle.

anterior

Identify the location of the pronator quadratus.

anterior forearm

Identify the location of the pronator teres.

anterior forearm

Anatomically, muscles that move the pectoral girdle are classified as ______.

anterior or posterior thoracic

identify the location of the brachioradialis.

anterolateral forearm

Which muscles supinate the forearm?

biceps brachii, supinator

The anterior and posterior compartments of the arm are surrounded by ______ and each houses skeletal muscles that perform ______ actions.

deep fascia, similar

Extrinsic muscles of the wrist and hand ______.

flex or extend the hand and fingers

In general, muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh tend to ______.

flex the thigh at the hip joint extend the leg at the knee joint

Besides elevating the scapula, the levator scapulae also ______.

inferiorly rotates the scapula

In addition to extending the thigh, the biceps femoris rotates the thigh ______.

laterally

The prime mover of the extension of the arm is the ______.

latissimus dorsi

The prime movers of the glenohumeral joint are the ______.

latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major

Contraction of the ______ muscles of the thigh results in adduction of the thigh.

medial

The obturator externus is one of the muscles of the _______ compartment of the thigh

medial

Which of the following does NOT correctly describe the actions of the biceps femoris?

medially rotates leg

Contraction of the subscapularis ______ the arm, and contraction of the supraspinatus ______ the arm.

medially rotates, abducts

The inferior attachment of the serratus anterior is ______.

on ribs 1-8, anterior and superior margin

The prime mover causing flexion of the arm is the ______.

pectoralis major

The anterior thoracic muscle that protracts and depresses the scapula is the ______.

pectoralis minor

Which of the following correctly describes the tendons of the forearm muscles at the wrist joint?

The flexor retinaculum covers the palmar or anterior surface of the carpal bones.

Identify the action common to the palmar interossei and adductor pollicis.

Finger adduction

Identify the action common to the following muscles:extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor digiti minimi, lumbricals, dorsal interossei, and palmar interossei.

Interphalangeal joint extension

Which of the following are posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle?

Levator scapulae Trapezius Rhomboid major Rhomboid minor

Which are muscles that adduct the toes?

Plantar interossei Adductor hallucis

Which are muscles that extend and/or pronate the arm at the elbow?

Pronator teres Anconeus Pronator quadratus Triceps brachii

Which of the following correctly describes the location of the rhomboids, both minor and major?

They are posterior thoracic muscles that are deep to the trapezius.

n the figure, the iliacus is indicated by the letter _____.

c

The tensor fasciae latae is a muscle in the lateral thigh compartment.

True

Identify the action common to the following muscles:extensor digitorum, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and extensor carpi ulnaris.

Wrist extension

The levator scapulae is ______.

a posterior thoracic muscle that is deep to the trapezius

When the adductor brevis contracts, the thigh is _______.

adducted flexed

The dorsal group of intrinsic foot muscles contains ______.

the extensor hallucis brevis

The superficial anterior muscles of the forearm include ______.

palmaris longus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor carpi radialis pronator teres

The actions of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg include ______.

plantar flexion and eversion of the foot

Contraction of the muscles in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the leg results in ______.

plantar flexion of the foot

The actions of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg does NOT include ______.

plantar flexion of the foot

The flexor ______ longus attaches to the distal phalanx of the thumb.

pollicis

The small flexors of the thenar group include the flexor ______ brevis.

pollicis

The muscles that invert the foot are the ______.

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior

The midpalmar group contains ______ muscles that are partitioned into groups.

12

Which best summarizes the MAIN movement of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the deltoid?

Abduction of the arm

Identify the intrinsic foot muscles of the superficial plantar group.

Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor digiti minimi

Identify the location of the brachialis.

Anterior arm

Which of the following correctly pairs fibers of the deltoid with their function?

Anterior fibers flex and medially rotate the arm.

Which of the following best describes the location of the pectoralis major?

Anterior of body, covers superior portion of thorax

Which of the following correctly identify the compartments of the thigh?

Anterior, posterior, lateral, medial

The proximal attachment of the subscapularis is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.

c, b

In the figure, the abductor pollicis longus is indicated by the letter_____ , the extensor pollicis brevis is indicated by the letter _____, and the extensor pollicis longus is indicated by the letter _____,

D,E,A

Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis, and flexor digiti minimi..

Interphalangeal joint flexion

Contraction of the long head of the biceps brachii results in a single type of movement of the glenohumeral joint. What type of movement is this?

Flexion of the arm

Which are the forearm muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment?

Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Pronator quadratus

Which of the following best describe(s) the actions of the subclavius?

It depresses the clavicle. It stabilizes the clavicle.

Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor digitorum profundus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis, and flexor digiti minimi.

Interphalangeal joint flexion

Contraction of the minor and major rhomboids results in which of the following movements of the scapula?

Elevation Retraction Inferior rotation

Which of the following best summarizes the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the teres major?

Extension, adduction, and medial rotation

Which are muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

Fibularis tertius Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus

Which of the following are the muscles of the gluteal group of the posterior thigh?

Gluteus minimus Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius

Which are muscles that flex the leg at the knee joint?

Gracilis Sartorius Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus

Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and extensor carpi radialis longus

Hand abduction

dentify the action common to the extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris.

Hand adduction

Which action(s) are common to both the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the hand?

Interphalangeal joint extension and flexion Finger abduction and adduction

Which of the following best describes the location of the trapezius?

It is superficial to other posterior thoracic muscles that move the pectoral girdle.

Which muscle of the posterior forearm compartment perform(s) a function unlike that of all the others?

Supinator

In the figure, the supinator is indicated by the letter _____ and the extensor indicis is indicated by the letter _____.

c, b

Identify the action common to the following muscles:flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum superficialis, and flexor digitorum profundus.

Wrist flexion

When the pectineus contracts, the thigh is _______.

adducted flexed

Identify the movements of the glenohumeral joint that occur with contraction of the teres major.

adduction of the arm Medial rotation of the arm Extension of the arm

Contraction of the medial muscles of the thigh results in ______.

adduction of the thigh

In the figure, the letter A indicates the ___________ muscle.

adductor pollicis

The superior attachment of the serratus anterior is on the ______.

anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

Which muscle is inferior to the clavicle and stabilizes and depresses the clavicle?

subclavius

The anterior compartment of the forearm is subdivided into three layers, called the ______ , intermediate, and deep layers.

superficial

Contraction of the pectoralis minor ______.

depresses scapula, protracts scapula

The intrinsic muscles of the foot are organized into ______ muscle groups.

dorsal and plantar

In the figure, the proximal attachment of the infraspinatus is indicated by the letter ______, and its distal attachment is indicated by the letter ______.

e, f

In general, the anterior compartment of the arm contains muscles that ______ the forearm at the elbow joint, while the posterior compartment contains muscles that ______ the forearm.

flex, extend

When the iliacus contracts, the thigh is _______.

flexed

When the psoas major contracts, the thigh is _______.

flexed

When the rectus femoris contracts, the thigh is _______.

flexed

When the adductor longus contracts, the thigh is _______.

flexed adducted

When the adductor fibers of the adductor magnus contract, the thigh is _______.

flexed and adducted

When the gracilis contracts, the thigh is _______.

flexed and adducted

Contraction of the posterior compartment thigh muscles results in ______.

flexion of the knee and extension of the thigh

Identify the location of the triceps brachii.

posterior arm

Identify the muscles that pronate the forearm.

pronator quadratus, pronator teres

When the obturator externus contracts, the thigh is _______.

rotated laterally

When the tensor fasciae latae contracts, the thigh is _______.

rotated medially abducted

Contraction of the deep muscles of the gluteal region results in ______.

rotation of the thigh

Contraction of the superficial muscles in the gluteal region results in ______.

rotation of the thigh extension of the thigh abduction of the thigh

The muscles that protract the scapula are the ______.

serratus anterior and pectoralis minor.

Both the thenar and hypothenar groups of intrinsic hand muscles include ______.

small flexors, abductors, and opponens muscles

The tendons of forearm muscles are individually surrounded by ______ sheaths and collectively held close to the carpal bones by fibrous bands of fascia called ______.

synovial, retinacula

The superior attachment of the pectoralis minor is ______.

the coracoid process of scapula

The ______ is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that attaches to the skull, vertebral column, scapulae, and clavicles.

trapezius

The_____ is a large, flat, diamond-shaped muscle that attaches to the skull, vertebral column, scapulae, and clavicles.

trapezius

Which muscles superiorly rotate the scapula?

trapezius, serratus anterior

Which muscles extend the forearm?

triceps brachii, anconeus

True or false: Muscles that insert on the pectoral girdle stabilize the clavicle and scapula and increase the arm's angle of movements.

true

True or false: The extrinsic muscles attach in the arm or forearm as well as on structures in the hand, whereas the intrinsic muscles attach only on the hand.

true

True or false: The subclavius is inferior to the clavicle.

true

What are the four muscles of the quadriceps group?

vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris


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