anatomy chapter 6 the integumentary system (SUMMER)

BLANK cuts to the lines of cleavage often results in slow healing and increased scarring

perpendicular

the apocrine sweat glands become active and produce secretory products during

puberty

the most superficial layer of the epidermis is the BLANK

the stratum corneum

drugs are often injected into the subcutaneous layer because its extensive BLANK network promotes rapid absorption

vascular

the major functions of merocrine sweat glands are BLANK

-secretion -thermoregulation -protection

the epidermis of thin skin ranges in thickness from BLANK millimeters to BLANK millimeters thick

0.075 millimeters to 0.150 millimeters thick

there are four layers of cells in the epidermis of thin skin. From superficial to deep these layers are:

1. stratum corneum 2.stratum granulosum 3.stratum spinosum 4. stratum basale

the main function of the melanin pigment is to protect the BLANK of keratinocytes from UV radiation

DNA

the spiny appearance of stratum spinosum cells is primarily due to the tenacious nature of BLANK which function to hold these non dividing cells together

Desmosomes

BLANK hemangiomas or 'strawberry-colored birthmarks' appear in the skin as bright red to deep purple nodules that usually disappear in childhood

capillary hemangiomas

the main structural components of the reticular layer is primarily a network of BLANK fibers that extend internally from the BLANK layer of the dermis into the underlying subcutaneous layer

collagen fibers reticular layers

Classify the tissue type of epidermis: keratinized BLANK epithelium

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

at the nail root and the proximal end of the nail body, the nail bed thickens to form the nail BLANK

nail matrix

the skin houses two types of general exocrine glands: BLANK and BLANK

sebaceous glands and sweat glands

in thick and thin skin, the layers that contain living cells are the

stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum

the second step of wound healing a BLANK forms

blood clot

a hemoangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to BLANK that proliferate and form a benign tumor

blood vessels

sebaceous glands are classified as BLANK glands that discharge an oily, waxy secretion called BLANK

classified as holocrine glands waxy secretion called sebum

when the skin is stretched beyond its capacity, some BLANK fibers are torn and result in stretch marks, which are called BLANK

collagen fibers striae

the epidermal ridges interdigitate with the BLANK

dermal papillae

the dermis of the skin has an extensive innervation, which refers to the BLANK

distribution of nerve fibers

the two types of sweat glands in the skin are BLANK and BLANK

eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands

in addition to keratinocytes, the stratum spinosum also contains another epidermal cell type called epidermal BLANK cells which help to fight infection

epidermal dendritic

BLANK are located on the fingers, palms, soles and toes are formed from large folds and valleys on both the dermis and epidermis

friction ridges

the vascular connective tissue that initially forms in a healing wound is called

granulation tissue

when BLANK binds oxygen, it exhibits a bright red color, giving blood vessels in the dermis a reddish tint that inmost easily observed in the skin of lightly pigmented individuals

hemoglobin

when exposed to the sun, the BLANK become more active and secrete a protein that gives the skin a tanned look

melanocytes

the BLANK of the dermis forms the deeper, major portion of the dermis and extends from the papillary layer to the underlying subcutaneous layer

reticular layer

the substances that make sweat feel gritty are water ______ and ______

salts and urea

when part of the skin is too severely damaged or its cells lack the capacity to divide, the body fills in the gap with ______ tissue. This process is known as ______

scar tissue fibrosis

sebaceous glands are activated primarily by BLANK during puberty in both sexes

sex hormones

After a stem cell divides in the stratum basale, the resulting daughter cell enters the stratum BLANK and it begins to lose its ability to divide

stratum spinosum

the BLANK layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissue and dermal papillae

the papillary layer

True or false: all people of all skin tones, have about the same number of melanocytes

True

BLANK is an inherited recessive condition where the enzyme needed to produce melanin is nonfunctional

albinism

the layer of skin from which most new epidermal cells are derived from

stratum basale

true or false: regeneration in the skin replaces damaged or dead cells with the same cell type and restores organ function

TRUE

BLANK layers of keratinocytes comprise the stratum granulosum

3-5 layers