anatomy chapter 6 the integumentary system (SUMMER)
BLANK cuts to the lines of cleavage often results in slow healing and increased scarring
perpendicular
the apocrine sweat glands become active and produce secretory products during
puberty
the most superficial layer of the epidermis is the BLANK
the stratum corneum
drugs are often injected into the subcutaneous layer because its extensive BLANK network promotes rapid absorption
vascular
the major functions of merocrine sweat glands are BLANK
-secretion -thermoregulation -protection
the epidermis of thin skin ranges in thickness from BLANK millimeters to BLANK millimeters thick
0.075 millimeters to 0.150 millimeters thick
there are four layers of cells in the epidermis of thin skin. From superficial to deep these layers are:
1. stratum corneum 2.stratum granulosum 3.stratum spinosum 4. stratum basale
the main function of the melanin pigment is to protect the BLANK of keratinocytes from UV radiation
DNA
the spiny appearance of stratum spinosum cells is primarily due to the tenacious nature of BLANK which function to hold these non dividing cells together
Desmosomes
BLANK hemangiomas or 'strawberry-colored birthmarks' appear in the skin as bright red to deep purple nodules that usually disappear in childhood
capillary hemangiomas
the main structural components of the reticular layer is primarily a network of BLANK fibers that extend internally from the BLANK layer of the dermis into the underlying subcutaneous layer
collagen fibers reticular layers
Classify the tissue type of epidermis: keratinized BLANK epithelium
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
at the nail root and the proximal end of the nail body, the nail bed thickens to form the nail BLANK
nail matrix
the skin houses two types of general exocrine glands: BLANK and BLANK
sebaceous glands and sweat glands
in thick and thin skin, the layers that contain living cells are the
stratum basale stratum spinosum stratum granulosum
the second step of wound healing a BLANK forms
blood clot
a hemoangioma is a congenital anomaly that results in skin discoloration due to BLANK that proliferate and form a benign tumor
blood vessels
sebaceous glands are classified as BLANK glands that discharge an oily, waxy secretion called BLANK
classified as holocrine glands waxy secretion called sebum
when the skin is stretched beyond its capacity, some BLANK fibers are torn and result in stretch marks, which are called BLANK
collagen fibers striae
the epidermal ridges interdigitate with the BLANK
dermal papillae
the dermis of the skin has an extensive innervation, which refers to the BLANK
distribution of nerve fibers
the two types of sweat glands in the skin are BLANK and BLANK
eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands
in addition to keratinocytes, the stratum spinosum also contains another epidermal cell type called epidermal BLANK cells which help to fight infection
epidermal dendritic
BLANK are located on the fingers, palms, soles and toes are formed from large folds and valleys on both the dermis and epidermis
friction ridges
the vascular connective tissue that initially forms in a healing wound is called
granulation tissue
when BLANK binds oxygen, it exhibits a bright red color, giving blood vessels in the dermis a reddish tint that inmost easily observed in the skin of lightly pigmented individuals
hemoglobin
when exposed to the sun, the BLANK become more active and secrete a protein that gives the skin a tanned look
melanocytes
the BLANK of the dermis forms the deeper, major portion of the dermis and extends from the papillary layer to the underlying subcutaneous layer
reticular layer
the substances that make sweat feel gritty are water ______ and ______
salts and urea
when part of the skin is too severely damaged or its cells lack the capacity to divide, the body fills in the gap with ______ tissue. This process is known as ______
scar tissue fibrosis
sebaceous glands are activated primarily by BLANK during puberty in both sexes
sex hormones
After a stem cell divides in the stratum basale, the resulting daughter cell enters the stratum BLANK and it begins to lose its ability to divide
stratum spinosum
the BLANK layer of the dermis contains areolar connective tissue and dermal papillae
the papillary layer
True or false: all people of all skin tones, have about the same number of melanocytes
True
BLANK is an inherited recessive condition where the enzyme needed to produce melanin is nonfunctional
albinism
the layer of skin from which most new epidermal cells are derived from
stratum basale
true or false: regeneration in the skin replaces damaged or dead cells with the same cell type and restores organ function
TRUE
BLANK layers of keratinocytes comprise the stratum granulosum
3-5 layers
