Anatomy Chapter 8 PART 2

What is the most inferior/posterior part of the brain?

Cerebellum

What is the outer gray matter located in the cerebrum?

Cerebral cortex

What does the hypothalamus contain?

Contains the nervous and endocrine systems

What does the posterior of the epithalamus do?

Contains the pineal gland that is endocrine and secretes melatonin

Major centers concerned with autonomic function, such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration is the... diencephalon. medulla oblongata. pons. cerebellum. midbrain.

Medulla oblongata

Which structure contains cardiovascular and respiratory rhythmicity centers? inferior colliculus superior colliculus cerebellum pons medulla oblongata

Medulla oblongata

How is the cerebrum divided?

Right cerebral hemisphere and left cerebral hemisphere

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

Secretes hormones, produces sensations of thirst and hunger, coordinates voluntary and ANS function, regulates body temperature, coordinates daily cycle

What are the functions of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Surrounds and bathes the exposed surface of the CNS, floats the brain, and transports nutrient/chemicals/wastes

The cortex inferior to the lateral sulcus is the... cerebellar lobe. occipital lobe. temporal lobe. frontal lobe. parietal lobe.

Temporal lobe

Where are the gustatory, auditory, and olfactory cortexes located?

Temporal lobe

What sections is the diecephalon divided into?

Thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus

What are the lobes named for?

The cranial bone above the lobe

The primary motor cortex of the cerebrum is located in the ________. cerebellum pons postcentral gyrus lateral sulcus precentral gyrus

Precentral gyrus

Where is the primary motor cortex located?

Precentral gyrus

What skills does the pre-fontal cortex have?

Predicting time lines, making judgements, frustration, tension, and anxiety

What do the respiratory rhythmicity centers of the medulla oblongata do?

Regulates respiratory rate

Midbrain

green section

Stimulation of the reticular formation results in coma. decreased cerebral function. sleep. increased attention. reduced body temperature.

Increased attention

What does the substantia nigra do?

Influences muscle tone

What does the diencephalon do?

Integrates conscious and unconscious sensory information and motor commands

What are the three components of the diencephalon?

Epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus

The ________ ventricle is associated with the pons and upper portion of the medulla oblongata. first second third fourth lateral

Fourth

Which structure secretes antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin? epithalamus hypothalamus cerebellum medulla oblongata pons

Hypothalamus

What does the left brain do?

Language skills, analytical tasks, logic, controls right side of the body

The ________ establishes emotional states. pons limbic system cerebellum midbrain basal nuclei

Limbic system

What are ventricles made up of?

Lined with ependymal cells and filled with cerebrospinal fluid

The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the... frontal lobe. lateral sulcus. central sulcus. postcentral sulcus. longitudinal fissure.

Longitudinal fissure

If Broca's area is damaged, what might result? loss of sensation loss of memory loss of upper limb control mental retardation loss of the ability to speak

Loss of the ability to speak

What does the brain stem contain?

Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

The visual cortex of the cerebrum is located in the ________. occipital lobe postcentral gyrus hippocampus parietal lobe thalamus

Occipital lobe

Where is the visual cortex located?

Occipital lobe

The visual cortex is located in the... cerebellum. occipital lobe. frontal lobe. parietal lobe. temporal lobe.

Occupital lobe

Where does the medulla oblongata connect?

The spinal cord

Where is the primary sensory cortex located?

Postcentral gyrus

What do the cardiovascular centers of the medulla oblongata do?

Adjust heart rate and arteriolar diameter

What is an EEG?

A printed record of brain wave activity, can be interpreted to diagnose brain disorders

________ refers to the loss of memory from disease or trauma. Amnesia Hemiaplasia Dyslexia Aphasia Apraxia

Amnesia

What does the right brain do?

Analyzing sensory iput and relating it to the body, as well as analysing emotional content, controls left side of the body

During an EEG, alpha waves.. are observed in many pathological conditions. are characteristic of normal resting adults. occur in deep sleep. are observed in children and frustrated adults. typically accompany intense concentration.

Are characteristic of normal resting adults

What is the cerebellum?

Automatic processing center that adjusts postural muscles to maintain balance, programs and fine tunes movements

Which structure functions in the subconscious control of muscle tone and the coordination of learned movement patterns? thalamus basal nuclei hippocampus hypothalamus reticular formation

Basal nuclei

Do lobes have motor, sensory, or both types of nerves?

Both

What is the speech center of the brain called and what does it do?

Broca's area, regulates breathing and vocalization, the motor skills needed for speaking

The region of the brain that is involved in conscious thought and intellectual function as well as processing somatic sensory and motor information is the... cerebellum. cerebrum. midbrain. medulla. pons.

Cerebrum

The primary connection between cerebral hemispheres is the... corpus callosum. postcentral gyrus. cerebellum. midbrain. precentral gyrus.

Corpus callosum

What links the left and right hemispheres?

Corpus collosum

The ________ acts as a switching and relay center for integration of conscious and unconscious sensory information and motor commands. diencephalon medulla pons cerebellum midbrain

Diencephalon

The thalamus is the largest portion of which major brain region? diencephalon mesencephalon midbrain cerebellum pons

Diencephalon

What is ataxia?

Disturbance of coordination, can be caused by damage to the cerebellum

What does the limbic system do?

Establishes the emotional states, aids in long term memory with the help of the hippocampus

How many ventricles are there in the brain?

FOUR

Explain the surface of the cerebrum

Folds into gyri, separated by depressions called sulci or deeper grooves called fissures

The area anterior to the central sulcus is the... postcentral gyrus. parietal lobe. frontal lobe. temporal lobe. occipital lobe.

Frontal lobe

The processing of olfactory sensations and reflex movements associated with eating occurs in the.. superior colliculi. basal ganglia. inferior colliculi. mammillary bodies. hippocampus.

Mammillary bodies

Which structure secretes melatonin? hypothalamus superior colliculus anterior pituitary gland posterior pituitary gland pineal gland

Pineal gland

The sensory nuclei of cranial nerves V-VIII are found within which of the following? pons cerebellum medulla oblongata basal ganglia midbrain

Pons