AP Euro final: Religious Wars

Spanish strength in the second half of the sixteenth century was based on

An efficient national bureaucracy, a subjugated peasantry, wealth from the new world

Each of the following was a result of Spain's golden century

El escorial, the works of Diego Velasquez and El Greco, Cervantes' Don Quixote,

Politiques, non-politiques

Elizabeth I and Henry IV of France Phillip II and Mary I

The thirty years War had roughly three phases

False

Mary, Queen of Scots, was executed because

Of her complicity in several plots against the life of Elizabeth I

The Edict of Nantes in 1598 did which of the following

Proclaimed the toleration of Calvinism

What was Mary I main goal in her reign over England

Return the nation to Catholicism

What was Queen Elizabeth I's relationship to her eventual enemy Philip II of Spain

Sister in Law

During the reign of Mary I in England

The Marian exiles fled the nation for refuge in other parts of Europe

What was the main goal of Catherine de Medicis intrigues during the French Wars of Religion

To keep her sons and the Valois dynasty in power

Henry of Navarre

Was Huguenot who became a Catholic

This man was the leader for much of the Dutch revolt against Spanish power in the 16th century

William of Orange

Year of Treaty of Westphalia

1648

About what percentage of the German population died as a result of the Thirty Years war

30-40

In the second half of the 16th century, Germany had about how many autonomous political entities?

360

The Battle of Lepanto was

A major reason for Philip II's reputation as a Catholic hero

The Wars of Religion in France were at least temporarily halted by

An open minded king

Elizabeth I of England was the harshest in her dealings with

Any separatists or groups who threatened the unity of her rule

One result of the Treaty of Westphalia was that

Calvinists were given legal recognition

Baroque art and decor would have most likely been found in which of he following churches of the period

Catholic

In the 16th-17th century world of secular gov., those that favored centralized monarchy usually favored the

Catholic faith

This man split the Habsburg Empire in two after years of struggling to keep it united

Charles V

Which of these nations entered into the 30 years war early on in an attempt to fight in support of Protestants in northern Germany

Denmark

Under Elizabeth I the English or Anglican Church

Developed a strong hierarchical governing system with the Monarch at the top

The smaller rulers in German states tried to use the Thirty Year's War to

Expand their individual holdings and their strength

What event of the 30 years war was reminiscent of the way in which the Spanish Habsburgs treated its subjects in the Netherlands

Ferdinand II's harsh treatment of Bohemian Protestants

The parents of Bloody Mary I were

Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon

The St. Batholomew's Day Massacre

Made many French Calvinists believe they were in an international struggle for survival

The Spanish objective in the Netherlands was to

Make the area politically docile and religiously uniform

How did Gustavus Adolphus perish

Personally leading a cavalry charge

The Spanish Fury referred to the

Spanish Massacre of people in the Netherlands

As a result of the defeat of the Spanish Armada

The French found that they were able to be the dominant power of the European continent, Spain found that it was never able to fully recover from the defeat and loss of the ships, England gradually became a leading sea power that stood poised to expand into a global empire, Habsburg power was greatly diminished, especially in the West

The Catholic French fought against the Catholic Holy Roman Emperor in the 30 Year's War because

The Habsburgs were a traditional enemy and threat to France from two sides

What precipitated the French Wars of Religion

The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre

The Turks' continued quest for expansion into Europe was finally stopped

The Spanish navy

Results of the Treaty of Westphalia that had an impact in the 20th century are

The nation of Switzerland exists, the Netherlands is a country

During this time period, the rulers that seemed to be the most successful in terms of achieving their goals were

The ones who were less concerned with supporting a particular religious group than with trying to maintain the political power and unity of their countries

Elizabeth I of England and her contemporary, Henry IV of France, have been called politiques because they believed that

Theological controversy should be subordinate to political unity

Many members of the French nobility found Calvinism attractive because

They hoped to be able to achieve the kind of decentralization based on religion that was in Germany

The Ottoman Empire was centered in the modern country of

Turkey