AP European History Chapter 19 Review: Napoleonic Era and French Revolution.

Prior to the revolution of France, the Church owned about 50% of the land (True or false)

False, nobility owned more.

Identify the dependent states within Napoleon's Grand Empire

Spain, Netherlands, Italy, Swiss Republic, Grand Duchy of Warsaw, and Confederation of the Rhine (except Austria and Prussia)

9. The period from 1793 to 1794 during which Robespierre's Committee of Public Safety tried and executed thousands suspected of treason and a new revolutionary culture was imposed.

F - Reign Of Terror

In her writing, Mary Wollstonecraft argues that

Even though French revolution may come with lots more benefits in terms of rights, these benefits must also be extended to women and not have women be left behind.

The participation of the common people of Paris in the revolution was initially attributed ...

Extremely high food costs, the commoners of Paris revolted against the king for the motivation of high food prices.

The reign of terror ended with the crowning of Napoleon.

False, reign of terror ended when Robespierre died.

Who was the author of the 'Age of Reason' a book that was meant to refute Edmund Burke's conservative 'Reflections on the Revolution in France'?

Thomas Paine, also the author of common sense pushing up many revolutionary and democratic ideals.

Thermidorian Reaction

A reaction to the violence of the Reign of Terror in 1794, resulting in the execution of Robespierre and the loosening of economic controls. As well as moving away from anything that was remotely related to old french systems.

The Reign of Terror was primarily aimed at the peasantry. (True or False)

False, a lot of this was political based and targeted Nobles, Clergys, and Marie Antoniotte Queen.

19. The Abbé Sieyès considered the third estate

B - the true strength of the French nation.

24. In the 1780s, over 50 percent of France's annual budget was expended on

C - interest payments on the debt

20. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the citizen guaranteed

D - equality before the law

Jacques-Louis David

Famous French painter of the late-eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries that was known for his glorification of Napoleon

A major cause of the French Revolution was its outdated system of taxation (True or False)

Inefficient and unadaptive for the time compared to hundredds of years ago, very unfair too.

Elba

Island of Napoleon's first exile where he escaped from

Declaration of Pillnitz

Joint statement issued by Austria and Prussia threatening to invade France if the French monarchy was harmed

11. French civil code promulgated in 1804 that reasserted the 1789 principles of the equality of all male citizens before the law and the absolute security of wealth and private property, as well as the restriction of rights accorded to women by previous revolutionary laws.

L - Napoleonic Code

2. The three legal categories, or orders, of France's inhabitants: the clergy, the nobility, and everyone else

M - Estates

The abolition of many tiny German states and the old Holy Roman Empire and the reorganization of fifteen German states into a Confederation of the Rhine was the work of

Napoleons consolidation

By early 1793, most revolutionary leaders were opposed to executing the king.

No, a lot of the Girondits actually tried to save him

Assignats

Paper currency, the French churches were used as collateral -the first French paper currency issued by the General Assembly.

Major share of tax burden was on

Peasants

The French Jacobins were

Revolutionary radicals

Poor working class in Paris who continued to push the revolutionary government in a more radical and violent direction.

Sans-Cullotes ( the poor people mocked for their knee breaches and participated in the war hence given the trait of violent)

Which event came first? Formation of the French National Assembly, Execution of King Louis XVI, American Bill of Rights, Seven Years' War

Seven Years' War (1756-1763), French National Assembly (1789), American Bill of Rights (1791), Execution of King Louis XVI (1793)

Edmund Burke's "Reflections on the Revolution in France" is a defense of....

The monarchy, he thought the revolution was bad, wanted tradition and continuity and felt that these new people were way too radical.

The group that announced that it was going to cut off Marie Antoinette's head, "tear out her heart, and fry her liver" was...

The thousand Parisian women in th March Of Woman on Versailles.

By the mid-late 1790s, people like the Abbé Sieyès were increasingly looking to the people to bring order to France.

True, he described nobility and clergy are foreign parasites and encouraged opening of National Assembly because the commoners made up the bulk of france and its taxes.

The army of the French Revolution was filled largely by republican volunteers.

True, however they were untrained and advocated liberalism

Classic liberalism is best exemplified by the American Constitution and Bill of Rights (True or False)

True, revolutionaries like Thomas Paine wrote book of common sense leading up to BOR.

Napoleon's plan to invade England was made impossible by the defeat of the French and the Spanish navies in the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. (True or False)

True, the battle of Trafalgar is the reason that Napoleon was unable to achieve his plan of invading england.

An important legacy of Napoleon was his establishing the Civil Code of law.

True, yes, I mean it even influences some modern US law codes.

By equality and human rights, eighteen-century liberalism really meant freedom from government control, and, for men, equal opportunities to own property. (True or False)

True.

Battle of Austerlitz

Victory that won Napoleon the battle of the third coalition. 1805 French victory over Austria and Russia

Borodino

Won by the french but with lots of blood lost. It was the war in village borodino where napoleon tried to chase russia down but was bogged down by cold weather.

8. The laboring poor of Paris, so called because the men wore trousers instead of the knee breeches of the aristocracy and middle class; the word came to refer to the militant radicals of the city.

i - Sans-Culottes

Generally, the people who did not support eighteenth-century liberalism were the

masses of the rich people

In 1799 Sieyès argued that authority in society should come from

strong military leader

16. The National Assembly that rules France from 1789 to 1791 passed laws that

C - broadened women's rights to seek divorce and inherit property

In general, women enjoyed a significant increase in rights during the revolution and even greater rights to Napoleon. (True or False)

False, women actually lost more rights and husbands gained more power over them.

Tennis Court Oath

Pledge that said they wont stop working until declaration to make the National Assembly the sovereign power in France while pledging to create a new constitution that fixed problems before revolution.

31. What was Napoleon's Grand Empire?

C - An enlarged France, a number of satellite kingdoms, and the independent but allied states of Austria, Prussia, and Russia.

14. What occurred during the Hundred Days in France?

C - Napoleon returned from exile to rule France briefly.

The French Revolution took place in a time of famine and unemployment.

Duh true

6. A political club in Revolutionary France whose members were well-educated radical republicans.

E - Jacobin Club

The peasant uprising of 1789 in France ended in defeat for the peasant class. True or False)

False, it got the king scared and won them lower taxation policy.

Olympe de Gouges

Female French writer who echoed the views of Mary Wollstonecraft and who sought greater rights for women. French journalist who supported mary a lot.

For the French peasants, the Revolution of 1789 meant...

Few gains or benefits, they may have gained tax benefit but did not help empty stomach.

Who aided in paying for the american revolution?

French Monarchy.

For the French peasants, the Revolution of 1789 meant

More land owning ability/opportunities

7. Led by Robespierre, the French National Convention's radical faction, which seized legislative power in 1793.

N - The Mountain

Generally, the people who did not support liberalism were the....

Rich and elite

Some historians have questioned the questionable interpretation of the French Revolution by arguing that..

The revolution was due to the outnumbering of third estate vs nobility/first-class

T/F: Prior to the crisis of the 1760s, American colonists had exercised a great deal of political and economic independence from Britain.

Yes, before 1760's the British people left their american colony counterparts alone.

In the first stage of the Revolution of the French established

Constitutional Monarchy

Louis XIV's summoning of the Estates General was stunning it had not met since 1614. (True or False)

Correct, it was very outdated and made him look incompetent.

By the early 1790s, much of the rest of Europe's states reacted to the French Revolution with alarm and declarations of war.

Correct, they were mad about the revolutionary ideals

Republican faction in the National Convention that was more moderate to political rivals in government and the working class in Paris.

Girondist

1. A moderate group that fought for control of the French National Convention in 1793.

H - Girondists

What was a cause of the outbreak of revolution in France in 1789?

The July of 1789 peasant uprisings through the storming of Bastille.

The National Assembly did all but which of the following

They did not do the reign of terror that was maximillian robes

The first successful revolt of Napoleon was in?

This was in the country of Spain. Napoleon underestimated the fire fuel and motivation of the spanish people so at the Battle Of Madrid he was met with lots of disappointing loss.

Quadruple Alliance

This was the alliance between Great Britain, Austria, Russia, and Prussia after the Napoleonic era/ and during fighting against him

Battle of Waterloo

This was the battle that Napoleon lost after his return from Elba that ended his reign as French ruler. He was ganged up on by all of europe and sent to Saint Helena afterwards.

The country was most influenced by by the American Revolution was France (True or False)

True, after american revolution the french people started revolting too

12. A blockade imposed by Napoleon to halt all trade between continental Europe and Britain, thereby weakening the British economy and military.

A - Continental System

32. How did Napoleon consolidate his rule?

A - He appealed both to disillusioned revolutionaries and members of the old nobility and offered them high posts in the expanding centralized state.

21. How did the reaction of kings and nobles in continental Europe toward the French Revolution change over the revolution's first two years?

A - Initially pleased by the revolution's weakening of France, they came to feel threatened by its increasingly radical message.

17. The attack on the Bastille had what political effect?

A - The king's plans to reassert his authority were forestalled, permitting the National Assembly to continue its work.

10. A reaction to the violence of the Reign of Terror in 1794, resulting in the execution of Robespierre and the loosening of economic controls

J - Thermidorian Reaction

The more radical republican faction in the National Convention that had Robespierre and Danton as its leaders and who bitterly struggled for power with the Girondins.

Jacobin Club - they wanted a full on new structure to deal with the inadequacies of old government

25. The legal definition of the composition of the prerevolutionary third estate included

A - everyone who was not a noble or member of the clergy.

4. A legislative body in prerevolutionary France made up of representatives of each of the three classes, or estates; it was called into session in 1789 for the first time since 1614

B - Estates General

13. Who wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Man (1790) and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), the latter a founding text of the feminist movement?

B - Mary Wollstonecraft

29. What was the economic effect of Napoleon's Continental System?

D - French artisans and the middle class suffered, for they were economically damaged by the blockade of Great Britain.

23. What was the goal of the Committee of Public Safety?

C - To use dictatorial powers to respond to threats to France from without and within

18. Who forced the king and the royal family to abandon Versailles and return to Paris?

B - Several thousand Parisian women

22. How did the delegates to the Legislative Assembly that convened in October 1791 differ from the delegates to the Estates General/National Assembly?

B - They were younger and less cautious; many joined political clubs.

30. According to Olympe de Gouges,

B - men and women should be equal in the eyes of the law.

John Locke

Basic idea: (if your government unjust, then rebel). Enlightenment philosopher whose ideas on the natural rights of life, liberty and property, and on the right of the people to rebel against an unjust government, significantly influenced the American and French Revolutions.

15. Why was France unable to manage its debt in the eighteenth century, even though that debt was much smaller, relative to its population, than the debt of either Great Britain or Holland?

C - France lacked a central bank and paper currency.

3. The first French revolutionary legislature, made up primarily of representatives of the third estate and a few from the nobility and clergy, in session from 1789 to 1791

C - National Assembly

28. How did the Concordat resolve the crisis over Catholicism in France in the Napoleonic era?

C - The Catholic Church gained the right to practice religion freely, while the French state gained greater control over the nomination of church officers and church activities

27. What two fundamental principles of the French Revolution were incorporated into the Napoleonic Code?

C - The equality of all male citizens before the law and the absolute security of wealth and private property.

26. Why did members of the National Convention turn against Robespierre on the Ninth of Thermidor?

C - They believed that Robespierre might soon have them arrested and executed.

Concordat of 1801

Catholic church had freedom to worship whatever, but Napoleon could select elected bishops, popes, etc.

The group that had the task of ridding France of any internal oppositions to the revolutionary cause was the.

Committee Of Public Safety established by Robespierre. Made up of 12 dictatorial politicians.

5. The fear of noble reprisals against peasant uprisings that seized the French countryside and led to further revolt.

D - Great Fear

T/F: Overall, the common people of Paris played a minor role in the French Revolution.

False, the people of paris helped out in a lot of it including storming of bastille.

The Third Estates' Estates General representatives were selected by the king.

False, third estate was selected by election and they were each responsible for electing own reps.