AP Gov - Test Questions: Chapter 6
When the media regularly focus public attention on violent crime, political corruption, or economic woes, they are engaged in
agenda setting
Early TV network news programs focused their evening news programs on
an anchorman
The phrase "on background" means that media are permitted to
anonymously quote material without identifying the source.
It is quite possible that campaign coverage is affected by a(n) __________ among journalists.
anti-incumbent bias
Advocates of dropping all FCC content regulations believe that
broadcast media should be treated the same as other forms of media
The first media technology to make broadcast journalists into household names was
Radio
General entertainment programming that often includes discussions of political affairs, such as The Daily Show, The Today Show, and The View
Soft News
A story that contains no policy content and is not related to the day's events but that commonly discusses popular personalities and is designed to draw greater viewer interest is
infotainment
Journalistic norms of objectivity and accuracy grew because of a _________ and allowing focuses on ____________ rather than ________
lack of competition quality sensationalism
Available evidence seems to indicate that there are _________ among journalists and reporters.
liberal leanings
Some research indicates that people who watch partisan news become
more extreme in their politics
Until the early 1960s, most Americans cited __________ as the source from which they got most of their news.
newspapers
The phrase "off the record" means that media are
not allowed to print the information
The first newspapers in the United States were financed by
political parties that advocated party causes
The traditional division of mass media into _________ has been made problematic by the Internet.
print and media
Reaction to a film posted on YouTube made by an Egyptian-American that mocked the Muslim prophet Muhammad is an example of the influence of new media platforms; that they impact the types of
stories that get picked up by the mainstream media
Counting both print and online users, news readership of newspapers is
up overall
__________ percent of surveyed adults indicated that they learned about the 2008 political campaign from comedy shows like The Daily Show, The Colbert Report, or Saturday Night Live.
30%
_____ of Americans listen to traditional AM/FM radio weekly.
90%
The Internet was started in _____ with support from ______
1969 ; US department of Defense
A 2006 survey found that if the government feels information threatens national security, _______ Americans favor government censorship.
1/3
Chinese political activists have used inflatable ducks and Legos to recreate the ____________ in a way that will avoid _______
1989 Tiananmen Square Protest ; censors
Group leaders who follow news in specific areas
Attentive Policy Elites
A recent example of popular music conveying a political message is "Born This Way," by Lady Gaga, which focuses on
Bullying
A country where the government heavily censors Internet news and search engines
China
More and more, cable news seems analogous to
Early partisan newspapers
This Amendment prohibits Congress from abridging freedom of the press
First Amendment
The current debate about "net neutrality" concerns whether
ISPs should be allowed to censor web content for indecency
Currently, _________ is (are) most Americans' primary news source.
TV
After the 2012 election, which of the following received the lowest rating from Americans?
The Media
Content analysis of network news suggests that most coverage focuses on
The President
occurs when a media outlet such as a magazine informs a relatively small number of group leaders who follow news in a specific area, and those leaders in turn mobilize their followers to put pressure on public officials.
The two step flow of communication
This president was the first to provide space in the White House for reporters
Theodore Roosevelt
When excluding horserace stories, media coverage of Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential campaign, compared to coverage of Barack Obama, was
about the same
Most news printed about Congress comes from
congressional press releases and prepared reports
Available evidence seems to indicate that there are __________ among editors and owners of the major news media.
conservative leanings
The mass media influence the socialization process because they play ___________ roles, sometime promotion popular support for the government and sometime eroding public confidence in it
contradictory
Private ownership of the media in the United States makes the American news industry
dependent on advertising revenues
Crime rates fell in every major category (rape, burglary, robbery, assault, and murder) from the 1980s until very recently, but as one journalist said, "Crime coverage is not editorially driven; it's_________."
economically driven
A 2011 news analysis found that cable TV was particularly devoted to __________ whereas online news sites and newspapers provided more coverage of __________.
election coverage ; foreign affairs
The now-abolished __________ obligated broadcasters to discuss public issues and to provide equal coverage of all opinions on those issues.
fairness doctrine
The media executives, news editors, and prominent reporters who decide which events to report and how to report them
gatekeepers
the tendency of journalists to limit coverage of campaigns to coverage of which candidate is leading or behind in the polls at the time, rather than chiefly covering the issues, during a presidential election
horse race journalism
The Media in the US has played a ___________ role in ________-
important ; advancing equality
To stay in business in the digital age, many newspapers have __________ their online content, with varying degrees of success.
instituted paywalls for
The "television hypothesis" is the belief that television is to blame for the
low level of citizen's knowledge about public affairs
The amount of information online is so vast that most people rely on _________ to help them determine which news is real and important.
mainstream media
By improving the quality of information transmitted to the people about their government, the mass media at various time serves both the __________ and ___________ of American politics
majoritarian and pluralist model
The reasonable access rule required broadcasters to ____________ to ___________________ in a community wishing to express ___________
make facilities available all responsible parties conflicting views on issues
A poll of Americans who had seen or heard of Michael Moore's 2007 documentary Sicko found that _________ changed their mind and said health-care reform was more necessary.
nearly half
In response to financial stress, some have suggested that newspapers operate as ___________, allowing them to be funded through endowments, donations, and perhaps government support.
nonprofits
Representatives of the mass media frequently defend the importance of freedom of the press, even if it comes at the expense of
order
Regarding the Internet, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) doesn't have jurisdiction to
regulate Internet content
The fairness doctrine, the equal opportunities rule, and the reasonable access rule are all rules under which the FCC has
regulate broadcast medi
The Telecommunications Act of 1996 ________
relaxed the rule governing media ownership
Newspapers owned by publicly-traded chains are more likely to
resort to negative or positive spins on the news
In the early days of radio, owners sought government regulation of the airwaves to
restrict others' freedom to enter broadcasting and compete.
Most politicians and many scholars believe that the media's greatest influence on politics is its ability to
set the political agenda
Newspapers did not move toward independent ownership and large circulation until
the 1830s
Officials send out __________ when they intentionally leak news to gauge the reaction of the public or other political leaders.
trial balloons
In the US today, the mass media provides a ________________ between the people and the government
two way channel of communication
